Channel capacity over generalized fading channels: A novel MGF-based approach for performance analysis and design of wireless communication systems

IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology

Volumn 59, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 127-149

  Di Renzo, Marco ^a   Graziosi, Fabio ^b   Santucci, Fortunato ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF L'AQUILA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Adaptation policy; Channel capacity; Fading channels; Higher order statistics (HOS); Performance analysis; Wireless communication theory; Wireless systems

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION POLICY; HIGHER ORDER STATISTICS; PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS; WIRELESS COMMUNICATION THEORY; WIRELESS SYSTEMS;

CHANNEL CAPACITY; COMMUNICATION CHANNELS (INFORMATION THEORY); COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS; FADING (RADIO); FUNCTION EVALUATION; GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS; HANKEL FUNCTIONS; NUMBER THEORY; NUMERICAL METHODS; SIGNAL ANALYSIS; SIGNAL RECEIVERS; SIGNAL RECONSTRUCTION; SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO;

FADING CHANNELS;

EID: 76849092059     PISSN: 00189545     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2009.2030894     Document Type: Article

References (111)

1. C. E. Shannon, "A mathematical theory of communication," Bell Syst. Tech. J., vol.27, pp. 379-423, Jul. 1948.
2. E. Biglieri, J. G. Proakis, and S. Shamai, "Fading channels: Informationtheoretic and communications aspects," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.44, no.6, pp. 2619-2692, Oct. 1998.
3. D. Tse and P. Viswanath, Fundamentals of Wireless Communication. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge Univ. Press, Jun. 2005.
4. A. J. Goldsmith and P. P. Varaiya, "Capacity of fading channels with channel side information," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.43, no.6, pp. 1986-1992, Nov. 1997.
5. M.-S. Alouini and A. J. Goldsmith, "Capacity of Rayleigh fading channels under different adaptive transmission and diversity-combining techniques," IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol.48, no.4, pp. 1165-1181, Jul. 1999.
6. G. L. Stüber, Principles of Mobile Communications, 2nd ed. Norwell, MA; Kluwer, 2001.
7. D. Tse and S. Hanly, "Multi-access fading channels: Part I: Polymatroid structure, optimal resource allocation and throughput capacities," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.44, no.7, pp. 2796-2815, Nov. 1998.
8. S. Hanly and D. Tse, "Multi-access fading channels: Part II: Delay-limited capacities," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.44, no.7, pp. 2816-2831, Nov. 1998.
9. M. K. Simon and M.-S. Alouini, "A unified approach to the performance analysis of digital communications over generalized fading channels," Proc. IEEE, vol.86, no.9, pp. 1860-1877, Sep. 1998.
10. A. Annamalai, C. Tellambura, and V. K. Bhargava, "A general method for calculating error probabilities over fading channels," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.53, no.5, pp. 841-852, May 2005.
11. Y.-C. Ko, M.-S. Alouini, and M. K. Simon, "Outage probability of diversity systems over generalized fading channels," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.48, no.11, pp. 1783-1787, Nov. 2000.
12. A. Annamalai, C. Tellambura, and V. K. Bhargava, "Simple and accurate methods for outage analysis in cellular mobile radio systems-A unified approach," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.49, no.2, pp. 303-316, Feb. 2001.
13. M.-S. Alouini, A. Abdi, and M. Kaveh, "Sum of gamma variates and performance of wireless communication systems over Nakagami-fading channels," IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol.50, no.6, pp. 1471-1480, Nov. 2001.
14. W. Lee, "Estimate of channel capacity in Rayleigh fading environment," IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol.39, no.3, pp. 187-189, Aug. 1990.
15. Y.-D. Yao and A. U. H. Sheikh, "Evaluation of channel capacity in a generalized fading channel," in Proc. IEEE Veh. Technol. Conf., May 1993, pp. 134-137.
16. T. Huschka, M. Reinhardt, and J. Lindner, "Channel capacities of fading radio channels," in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Pers., Indoor, Mobile Radio Commun., Oct. 1996, vol.2, pp. 467-471.
17. C. G. Gunther, "Comments on 'Estimate of channel capacity in Rayleigh fading environment'," IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol.45, no.2, pp. 401-403, May 1996.
18. M. S. Alencar, "On the capacity of fading channels," in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Inf. Theory, Jun./Jul. 1997, p. 472.
19. M.-S. Alouini and A. Goldsmith, "Capacity of Nakagami multipath fading channels," in Proc. IEEE Veh. Technol. Conf., May 1997, pp. 358-362.
20. J. W. Shao, M.-S. Alouini, and A. J. Goldsmith, "Impact of fading correlation and unequal branch gains on the capacity of diversity systems," in Proc. IEEE Veh. Technol. Conf., Jul. 1999, vol.3, pp. 2159-2163.
21. M.-S. Alouini and A. J. Goldsmith, "Comparison of fading channel capacity under different CSI assumptions," in Proc. IEEE Veh. Technol. Conf., Sep. 2000, vol.4, pp. 1844-1849.
22. J. Cheng and T. Berger, "Capacity of a class of fading channels with channel state information (CSI) feedback," in Proc. Allerton Conf. Commun, Control, Comput., Oct. 2001, pp. 1152-1160.
23. Q. T. Zhang and D. P. Liu, "A simple capacity formula for correlated diversity Rician fading channels," IEEE Commun. Lett., vol.6, no.11, pp. 481-483, Nov. 2002.
24. J. Cheng and T. Berger, "Capacity of Nakagami-q (Hoyt) fading channels with channel side information," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Commun. Technol., Apr. 2003, vol.2, pp. 1915-1918.
25. Q. T. Zhang and D. P. Liu, "Simple capacity formulas for correlated SIMO Nakagami channels," in Proc. IEEE Veh. Technol. Conf., Apr. 2003, vol.1, pp. 554-556.
26. J. Cheng and T. Berger, "Capacity and performance analysis for hybrid selection/maximal-ratio combining in Nakagami fading with unequal fading parameters and branch powers," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Commun., May 2003, vol.5, pp. 3031-3035.
27. R. Annavajjala and L. B. Milstein, "On the capacity of dual diversity combining schemes on correlated Rayleigh fading channels with unequal branch gains," in Proc. IEEE Wireless Commun. Netw. Conf., Mar. 2004, vol.1, pp. 300-305.
28. N. C. Sagias, D. A. Zogas, G. K. Karagiannidis, and G. S. Tombras, "Channel capacity and second-order statistics in Weibull fading," IEEE Commun. Lett., vol.8, no.6, pp. 377-379, Jun. 2004.
29. R. K. Mallik,M. Z.Win, J.W. Shao, M.-S. Alouini, and A. J. Goldsmith, "Channel capacity of adaptive transmission with maximal ratio combining in correlated Rayleigh fading," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol.3, no.4, pp. 1124-1133, Jul. 2004.
30. J. I.-Z. Chen, "Analysis of channel capacity of the MRC system over Nakagami fading channel with arbitrary branch correlation," J. Do-Yeh Univ., vol.13, no.1, pp. 51-56, Jan. 2004.
31. N. C. Sagias, G. S. Tombras, and G. K. Karagiannidis, "New results for the Shannon channel capacity in generalized fading channels," IEEE Commun. Lett., vol.9, no.2, pp. 97-99, Feb. 2005.
32. S. Khatalin and J. P. Fonseka, "On the channel capacity in Rician and Hoyt fading environments with MRC diversity," IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol.55, no.1, pp. 137-141, Jan. 2006.
33. S. Khatalin and J. P. Fonseka, "Capacity of correlated Nakagami-m fading channels with diversity combining techniques," IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol.55, no.1, pp. 142-150, Jan. 2006.
34. A. Laourine, A. Stephenne, and S. Affes, "Estimating the ergodic capacity of log-normal channels," IEEE Commun. Lett., vol.11, no.7, pp. 568-570, Jul. 2007.
35. J. I.-Z. Chen, C. W. Liou, and W. S. Tu, "Applying the correlated gamma statistics in channel capacity evaluation for dual-branch diversity over correlated-fading channels," in Proc. WSEAS Int. Commun. Conf., Jul. 2007, vol.11, pp. 173-177.
36. K. A. Hamdi, "Capacity of MRC on correlated Rician fading channels," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.56, no.5, pp. 708-711, May 2008.
37. J. H. Winters, "On the capacity of radio communication systems with diversity in a Rayleigh fading environment," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol.SAC-5, no.5, pp. 871-878, Jun. 1987.
38. G. J. Foschini and M. J. Gans, "On limits of wireless communications in a fading environment when using multiple antennas," Wireless Pers. Commun., vol.6, no.3, pp. 311-335, Mar. 1998.
39. J. N. Laneman, D. N. C. Tse, and G. W. Wornell, "Cooperative diversity in wireless networks: Efficient protocols and outage behavior," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.50, no.12, pp. 3062-3080, Dec. 2004.
40. E. Telatar, "Capacity of multi-antenna Gaussian channels," Eur. Trans. Telecommun., vol.10, no.6, pp. 585-595, Nov. 1999.
41. C.-N. Chuah, D. N. C. Tse, J. M. Kahn, and R. A. Valenzuela, "Capacity scaling inMIMO wireless systems under correlated fading," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.48, no.3, pp. 637-650, Mar. 2002.
42. A. Lozano and A. M. Tulino, "Capacity of multiple-transmit multiplereceive antenna architecture," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.48, no.12, pp. 3117-3128, Dec. 2002.
43. A. Giorgetti, P. J. Smith, M. Shafi, and M. Chiani, "MIMO capacity, level crossing rates and fades: The impact of spatial/temporal channel correlation," J. Commun. Netw., vol.5, no.2, pp. 104-115, Jun. 2003.
44. X. Mestre, J. R. Fonollosa, and A. Pages-Zamora, "Capacity of MIMO channels: Asymptotic evaluation under correlated fading," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol.21, no.5, pp. 829-838, Jun. 2003.
45. M. Chiani, M. Z. Win, and A. Zanella, "On the capacity of spatially correlated MIMO Rayleigh-fading channels," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.49, no.10, pp. 2363-2371, Oct. 2003.
46. S. K. Jayaweera and H. V. Poor, "Capacity of multiple-antenna systems with both receiver and transmitter channel state information," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.49, no.10, pp. 2697-2709, Oct. 2003.
47. P. J. Smith, S. Roy, and M. Shafi, "Capacity of MIMO systems with semicorrelated flat fading," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.49, no.10, pp. 2781-2788, Oct. 2003.
48. H. Shin and J. H. Lee, "Capacity of multiple-antenna fading channels: Spatial fading correlation, double scattering, and keyhole," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.49, no.10, pp. 2636-2647, Oct. 2003.
49. A. Lozano, A. M. Tulino, and S. Verdu, "Multiple-antenna capacity in the low-power regime," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.49, no.10, pp. 2527-2544, Oct. 2003.
50. O. Oyman, R. U. Nabar, H. Bölcskei, and A. J. Paulray, "Characterizing the statistical properties of mutual information in MIMO channels," IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol.51, no.11, pp. 2784-2795, Nov. 2003.
51. A. L. Moustakas, S. H. Simon, and A. M. Sengupta, "MIMO capacity through correlated channels in the presence of correlated interferers and noise: A (not so) large N analysis," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.49, no.10, pp. 2545-2561, Oct. 2003.
52. P. Smith and M. Shafi, "An approximate capacity distribution for MIMO systems," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.52, no.6, pp. 887-890, Jun. 2004.
53. C. Martin and B. Ottersten, "Asymptotic eigenvalue distributions and capacity for MIMO channels under correlated fading," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol.3, no.4, pp. 1350-1359, Jul. 2004.
54. B. M. Hochwald, T. L.Marzetta, and V. Tarokh, "Multiple-antenna channel hardening and its implications for rate feedback and scheduling," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.50, no.9, pp. 1893-1909, Sep. 2004.
55. M. R. McKay and I. B. Collings, "Capacity and performance of MIMO-BICM with zero-forcing receivers," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.53, no.1, pp. 74-83, Jan. 2005.
56. A. M. Tulino, A. Lozano, and S. Verdú, "Impact of antenna correlation on the capacity of multiantenna channels," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.51, no.7, pp. 2491-2509, Jul. 2005.
57. M. R. McKay and I. B. Collings, "General capacity bounds for spatially correlated Rician MIMO channels," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.51, no.9, pp. 3121-3145, Sep. 2005.
58. M. Kang and M.-S. Alouini, "Capacity of MIMO Rician channels," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol.5, no.1, pp. 112-122, Jan. 2006.
59. T. Yoo and A. Goldsmith, "Capacity and power allocation for fading MIMO channels with channel estimation error," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.52, no.5, pp. 2203-2214, May 2006.
60. A. Maaref and S. Aissa, "On the capacity statistics of MIMO Ricean and Rayleigh fading channels," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Commun., Jun. 2006, pp. 4167-4172. (Pubitemid 351576126)
61. H. Shin,M. Z.Win, J. H. Lee, andM. Chiani, "On the capacity of doubly correlated MIMO channels," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol.5, no.8, pp. 2253-2265, Aug. 2006.
62. S. H. Simon, A. L. Moustakas, and L. Marinelli, "Capacity and character expansions: Moment-generating function and other exact results for MIMO correlated channels," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.52, no.12, pp. 5336-5351, Dec. 2006.
63. A. L. Moustakas and S. H. Simon, "On the outage capacity of correlated multiple-path MIMO channels," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.53, no.11, pp. 3887-3903, Nov. 2007.
64. P. M. Marques and S. A. Abrantes, "On the derivation of the exact, closed-form capacity formulas for receiver-sided correlated MIMO channels," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.54, no.3, pp. 1139-1161, Mar. 2008.
65. R. C. Palat, A. Annamalai, and J. H. Reed, "An efficient method for evaluating information outage probability and ergodic capacity of OSTBC system," IEEE Commun. Lett., vol.12, no.3, pp. 191-193, Mar. 2008.
66. R. H. Y. Louie, M. R. McKay, and I. B. Collings, "Impact of correlation on the capacity of multiple access and broadcast channels with MIMOMRC," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol.7, no.6, pp. 2397-2407, Jun. 2008.
67. T. M. Cover and A. El Gamal, "Capacity theorems for the relay channel," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.IT-25, no.5, pp. 572-584, Sep. 1979.
68. R. U. Nabar, H. Bölcskei, and F.W. Kneubuhler, "Fading relay channels: Performance limits and space-time signal design," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol.22, no.6, pp. 1099-1109, Aug. 2004.
69. A. Reznik, S. R. Kulkarni, and S. Verdu, "Degraded Gaussian multirelay channel: Capacity and optimal power allocation," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.50, no.12, pp. 3037-3046, Dec. 2004.
70. B. Wang, J. Zhang, and A. Høst-Madsen, "On the capacity of MIMO relay channels," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.51, no.1, pp. 29-43, Jan. 2005.
71. A. El Gamal and S. Zahedi, "Capacity of a class of relay channels with orthogonal components," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.51, no.5, pp. 1815-1817, May 2005.
72. A. Høst-Madsen and J. Zhang, "Capacity bounds and power allocation for wireless relay channels," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.51, no.6, pp. 2020-2040, Jun. 2005.
73. G. Kramer, M. Gastpar, and P. Gupta, "Cooperative strategies and capacity theorems for relay networks," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.51, no.9, pp. 3037-3063, Sep. 2005. (Pubitemid 41430974)
74. Y. Liang and V. V. Veeravalli, "Gaussian orthogonal relay channels: Optimal resource allocation and capacity," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.51, no.9, pp. 3284-3289, Sep. 2005. (Pubitemid 41430990)
75. Y. Liang and V. V. Veeravalli, "Cooperative relay broadcast channels," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.53, no.3, pp. 900-928, Mar. 2007.
76. A. S. Avestimehr and D. N. C. Tse, "Outage capacity of the fading relay channel in the low-SNR regime," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.53, no.4, pp. 1401-1415, Apr. 2007.
77. G. Farhadi and N. C. Beaulieu, "Ergodic capacity analysis of wireless relaying systems in Rayleigh fading," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Commun., May 2008, vol.1, pp. 3730-3735.
78. [Online]. Available: http://www.wolfram.com/products/mathematica/ index.html
79. M. K. Simon and M.-S. Alouini, Digital Communication Over Fading Channels, 2nd ed. New York; Wiley-IEEE Press, Dec. 2004.
80. M. R. McKay, Z. Zanella, I. B. Collings, and M. Chiani, "Error probability and SINR analysis of optimum combining in Rician fading," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.57, no.3, pp. 676-687, Mar. 2009.
81. A. Shah, A. M. Haimovich, M. K. Simon, and M.-S. Alouini, "Exact bit-error probability for optimum combining with a Rayleigh fading Gaussian cochannel interferer," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.48, no.6, pp. 908-912, Jun. 2000.
82. D. Lao and A. M. Haimovich, "Exact closed-form performance analysis of optimum combining with multiple cochannel interferers and Rayleigh fading," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.51, no.6, pp. 995-1003, Jun. 2003.
83. M. Di Renzo, F. Graziosi, and F. Santucci, "On the performance of CSIassisted cooperative communications over generalized fading channels," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Commun., May 2008, vol.1, pp. 1001-1007.
84. M. Abramowitz and I. A. Stegun, Handbook of Mathematical Functions With Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical Tables. New York: Dover, 1972.
85. A. P. Prudnikov, Y. A. Brychkov, and O. I. Marichev, Integrals and Series, vol.2, Special Functions. Moscow, Russia: Nauka, 1983 (in Russian).
86. A. P. Prudnikov, Y. A. Brychkov, and O. I. Marichev, Integrals and Series, vol.4, Direct Laplace Transforms. New York: Gordon and Breach, Apr. 1992.
87. D. A. Barry, J.-Y. Parlange, and L. Li, "Approximation for the exponential integral (Theis well function)," J. Hydrol., vol.227, no.1-4, pp. 287-291, Jan. 2000.
88. A. Annamalai, C. Tellambura, and V. K. Bhargava, "Exact evaluation of maximal-ratio and equal-gain diversity receivers for M-ary QAM on Nakagami fading channels," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.47, no.9, pp. 1335-1344, Sep. 1999.
89. R. L.Winkler, G.M. Roodman, and R. R. Britney, "The determination of partial moments," Manage. Sci., vol.19, no.3, pp. 290-296, Nov. 1972, Theory Series.
90. A. Annamalai and C. Tellambura, "A new approach to performance evaluation of generalized selection diversity receivers in wireless channels," in Proc. IEEE Veh. Technol. Conf., May 2001, pp. 2309-2313.
91. Y. Ma, Z. Wang, and S. Pasupathy, "Asymptotic performance of hybridselection/ maximal-ratio combining over fading channels," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.54, no.5, pp. 770-777, May 2006.
92. A. D. Poularikas, The Transforms and Applications Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC, Jan. 1996.
93. V. Adamchik, "The evaluation of integrals of Bessel functions via G-function identities," J. Comput. Appl. Math., vol.64, no.3, pp. 283-290, Dec. 1995.
94. K. Gaskell, A definite integration interface for REDUCE, Jul. 1994. [Online]. Available: http://reduce-algebra.com/
95. R. Piessens, "Gaussian quadrature formulae for integrals involving Bessel functions," Microfiche Section of Math. Comput., vol.26, Oct. 1972.
96. A. P. Prudnikov, Y. A. Brychkov, and O. I. Marichev, Integrals and Series, vol.3, More Special Functions. Moscow, Russia: Fizmatlit, 2003 (in Russian).
97. N. Cressie, A. S. Davis, J. L. Folks, and G. E. Policello, II, "The momentgenerating function and negative integer moments," Amer. Stat., vol.35, no.3, pp. 148-150, Aug. 1981.
98. K. A. Hamdi, "Moments and autocorrelations of the signal to interference ratio in wireless communications," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Commun., May 2008, vol.1, pp. 1345-1348.
99. M. Di Renzo, F. Graziosi, and F. Santucci, "A general formula for log-MGF computation: Application to the approximation of log-normal power sum via Pearson type IV distribution," in Proc. IEEE Veh. Technol. Conf., May 2008, vol.1, pp. 999-1003.
100. J. G. Proakis, Digital Communications. New York: McGraw-Hill, Aug. 2000.
101. [Online]. Available: http://functions.wolfram.com/GammaBetaErf/ GammaRegularized/20/
102. R. Lugannani and S. Rice, "Saddlepoint approximation for the distribution of the sum of independent random variables," Adv. Appl. Probab., vol.12, pp. 475-490, Jun. 1980.
103. R. W. Butler and A. T. A. Wood, "Saddlepoint approximation for moment generating functions of truncated random variables," Ann. Statist., vol.32, no.6, pp. 2712-2730, Aug. 2004.
104. R. W. Butler, Saddlepoint Approximations With Applications. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2004, Cambridge Series in Statistical and Probabilistic Mathematics.
105. Z. Wang and G. B. Giannakis, "A simple and general parameterization quantifying performance in fading channels," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.51, no.8, pp. 1389-1398, Aug. 2003.
106. M. O. Hasna and M.-S. Alouini, "Harmonic mean and end-to-end performance of transmission systems with relays," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.52, no.1, pp. 130-135, Jan. 2004.
107. N. M. Temme, "Large parameter cases of the Gauss hypergeometric function," J. Comput. Appl. Math., vol. 153, no. 1/2, pp. 441-462, Apr. 2003.
108. U. Charash, "Reception through Nakagami fading multipath channels with random delays," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.COM-27, no.4, pp. 657-670, Apr. 1979.
109. B. D. Carter and M. D. Springer, "The distribution of products, quotients and powers of independent H-function variates," SIAM J. Appl. Math., vol.33, no.4, pp. 542-558, Dec. 1977.
110. G. K. Karagiannidis, T. A. Tsiftsis, and R. K. Mallik, "Bounds of multihop relayed communications in Nakagami-mfading," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.54, no.1, pp. 18-22, Jan. 2006.
111. G. K. Karagiannidis, N. C. Sagias, and P. T. Mathiopoulos, "N? Nakagami: A novel stochastic model for cascaded fading channels," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.55, no.8, pp. 1453-1458, Aug. 2007.