Severe malaria - A case of fatal Plasmodium knowlesi infection with post-mortem findings: A case report

Malaria Journal

Volumn 9, Issue 1, 2010, Pages

  Cox Singh, Janet ^a,b   Hiu, Jessie ^c   Lucas, Sebastian B ^d   Divis, Paul C ^b   Zulkarnaen, Mohammad ^b   Chandran, Patricia ^e   Wong, Kum T ^e   Adem, Patricia ^f   Zaki, Sherif R ^f   Singh, Balbir ^b   Krishna, Sanjeev ^a,b  

^a ST GEORGE'S UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA SARAWAK   (Malaysia)

^c Queen Elizabeth Hospital   (Malaysia)

^d ST THOMAS HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^e UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA   (Malaysia)

^f CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADRENALIN; AMINOTRANSFERASE; ATROPINE; BICARBONATE; HEMOZOIN; LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE; POTASSIUM; UREA;

ABDOMINAL PAIN; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULE NECROSIS; ADULT; ADULT RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME; AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; ARTICLE; ASYSTOLE; AUTOPSY; BORNEO; BRAIN; CASE REPORT; CEREBELLUM; COLLAPSE; CONJUNCTIVAL HEMORRHAGE; CYANOSIS; DENGUE; DISEASE SEVERITY; ENDOCARDIUM; ENDOTHELIUM CELL; EOSINOPHILIA; ERYTHROCYTE; FATALITY; FEVER; GASTRIC SUCTION; HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK; HEPATOMEGALY; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; HYPONATREMIA; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; INTUBATION; LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE BLOOD LEVEL; LUNG SEQUESTRATION; MACROPHAGE; MALARIA; MALE; MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE; MYALGIA; NONHUMAN; OXYGEN SATURATION; PARASITEMIA; PETECHIA; PLASMODIUM KNOWLESI; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; POTASSIUM BLOOD LEVEL; RESUSCITATION; SPLENOMEGALY; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; UREA BLOOD LEVEL; ANIMAL; BLOOD; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; KIDNEY; LIVER; LUNG; METHODOLOGY; PARASITOLOGY; PATHOLOGY; SPLEEN;

ADULT; ANIMALS; BLOOD; BORNEO; BRAIN; ENDOCARDIUM; FATAL OUTCOME; HUMANS; KIDNEY; LIVER; LUNG; MALARIA; MALE; PLASMODIUM KNOWLESI; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; SPLEEN;

EID: 76749159996     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14752875     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-9-10     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. International funding for malaria control in relation to populations at risk of stable Plasmodium falciparum transmission. RW Snow CA Guerra JJ Mutheu SI Hay, Plos Med 2008 5 142 10.1371/journal.pmed.0050142 18651785
2. World Health Organization, World Malaria Report. 2008
3. Plasmodium knowlesi malaria in humans is widely distributed and potentially life threatening. J Cox-Singh TM Davis KS Lee SS Shamsul A Matusop S Ratnam HA Rahman DJ Conway B Singh, Clin Infect Dis 2008 46 165 171 10.1086/524888 18171245
4. Clinical and laboratory features of human Plasmodium falciparum infections. C Daneshvar C Davis J Cox-Singh M Rafa'ee S Zakaria P Divis B Singh, Clin Infect Dis 2009 49 852 860 10.1086/605439 19635025
5. GR Coatney WE Collins M Warren PG Contacos, The primate malarias Bethesda, MD: U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, National Institutes of Health 1971
6. Plasmodium knowlesi in the marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). J Langhorne S Cohen, Parasitology 1979 78 67 76 10.1017/S0031182000048599 33359
7. Experimental infection of the olive baboon (Papio anubis) with Plasmodium knowlesi: severe disease accompanied by cerebral involvement. H Ozwara JA Langermans J Maamun IO Farah DS Yole JM Mwenda H Weiler AW Thomas, Am J Trop Med Hyg 2003 69 188 194 13677374
8. Deep vascular schizogony of Plasmodium knowlesi in Macaca mulatta. Distribution in organs and ultrastructure of parasitized red cells. LH Miller HN Fremount SA Luse, Am J Trop Med Hyg 1971 20 816 824 5002246
9. A large focus of naturally acquired Plasmodium knowlesi infections in human beings. B Singh L Kim Sung A Matusop A Radhakrishnan SS Shamsul J Cox-Singh A Thomas DJ Conway, Lancet 2004 363 9414 1017 1024 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15836-4 15051281
10. Morphological features and differential counts of Plasmodium knowlesi parasites in naturally acquired human infections. KS Lee J Cox-Singh B Singh, Malar J 2009 8 73 10.1186/1475-2875-8-73 19383118
11. Knowlesi malaria: newly emergent and of public health importance? J Cox-Singh B Singh, Trends Parasitol 2008 24 406 410 10.1016/j.pt.2008.06.001 18678527
12. Is monkey malaria from Borneo an emerging human disease? FE McCutchan, Future Microbiol 2008 3 115 118 10.2217/17460913.3.2.115 18366329
13. Severe falciparum malaria in children: current understanding of pathophysiology and supportive treatment. CR Newton S Krishna, Pharmacol Ther 1998 79 1 53 10.1016/S0163-7258(98)00008-4 9719344
14. Differentiating the pathologies of cerebral malaria by postmortem parasite counts. TE Taylor WJ Fu RA Carr RO Whitten JS Mueller NG Fosiko S Lewallen NG Liomba ME Molyneux, Nat Med 2004 10 143 145 10.1038/nm986 14745442
15. An immunohistochemical study of the pathology of fatal malaria. Evidence for widespread endothelial activation and a potential role for intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in cerebral sequestration. GD Turner H Morrison M Jones TM Davis S Looareesuwan ID Buley KC Gatter CI Newbold S Pukritayakamee B Nagachinta NJ White AR Berendt, Am J Pathol 1994 145 1057 1069 7526692
16. Malaria pathophysiology. N White, Malaria: Parasite Biology, Pathogenesis and Protection Washington DC: ASM Press, Sherman IW, 1998 371 385
17. Fatal malaria infection in travelers: novel immunohistochemical assays for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum in tissues and implications for pathogenesis. GL Genrich J Guarner CD Paddock WJ Shieh PW Greer JW Barnwell SR Zaki, Am J Trop Med Hyg 2007 76 251 259 17297032
18. The autopsy pathology of sepsis-related death. S Lucas, Current Diagnostic Pathology 2007 13 375 388 10.1016/j.cdip.2007.06.001 (Pubitemid 47379549)
19. Lung injury in vivax malaria: pathophysiological evidence for pulmonary vascular sequestration and posttreatment alveolar-capillary inflammation. NM Anstey T Handojo MC Pain E Kenangalem E Tjitra RN Price GP Maguire, J Inf Dis 2007 195 589 596 10.1086/510756 (Pubitemid 46214403)
20. Cerebral involvement in benign tertian malaria. MA Beg R Khan SM Baig Z Gulzar R Hussain RA Smego Jr, Am J Trop Med Hyg 2002 67 3 230 232 12408660
21. Plasmodium vivax and mixed infections are associated with severe malaria in children: a prospective cohort study from Papua New Guinea. B Genton V D'Acremont L Rare K Baea JC Reeder MP Alpers I Muller, Plos Med 2008 5 127 10.1371/journal.pmed.0050127 18563961
22. Severe falciparum malaria. World Health Organizsation, Communicable Diseases Cluster. WHO, Trans R Soc Trop Med and Hyg 2000 94 Suppl 1 1 90
23. Prognostic value of circulating pigmented cells in african African children with malaria. PG Kremsner C Valim MA Missinou C Olola S Krishna S Issifou M Kombila L Bwanaisa S Mithwani CR Newton T Agbenyega M Pinder K Bojang D Wypij T Taylor, J Inf Dis 2009 199 142 150 10.1086/595295
24. Association of intraleukocytic Plasmodium falciparum malaria pigment with disease severity, clinical manifestations, and prognosis in severe malaria. KE Lyke DA Diallo A Dicko A Kone D Coulibaly A Guindo Y Cissoko L Sangare S Coulibaly B Dakouo T Taylor OK Doumbo C Plowe, Am J Trop Med Hyg 2003 69 253 259 14628940
25. Intraleucocytic malaria pigment and prognosis in severe malaria. PH Nguyen N Day TD Pram DJ Ferguson NJ White, Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1995 89 200 204 10.1016/0035-9203(95)90496-4 7778149
26. Role of monocyte-acquired hemozoin in suppression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in children with severe malarial anemia. GA Awandare Y Ouma C Ouma T Were R Otieno CC Keller GC Davenport JB Hittner J Vulule R Ferrell JM Ong'echa D Perkins, Infect Immun 2007 75 201 210 10.1128/IAI.01327-06 17060471
27. The basis of the immunomodulatory activity of malaria pigment (hemozoin). CK Carney AC Schrimpe K Halfpenny RS Harry CM Miller M Broncel SL Sewell JE Schaff R Deol MD Carter DW Wright, J Biol Inorg Chem 2006 11 917 929 10.1007/s00775-006-0147-0 16868743
28. Modulation of cytokine profiles by malaria pigment - hemozoin: role of IL-10 in suppression of proliferative responses of mitogen stimulated human PBMC. P Deshpande P Shastry, Cytokine 2004 28 205 213 10.1016/j.cyto.2004.08.002 15566949
29. The effects of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax infections on placental histopathology in an area of low malaria transmission. R McGready BB Davison K Stepniewska T Cho H Shee A Brockman R Udomsangpetch S Looareesuwan NJ White SR Meshnick F Nosten, Am J Trop Med Hyg 2004 70 398 407 15100454
30. The large diverse gene family var encodes proteins involved in cytoadherence and antigenic variation of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes. XZ Su VM Heatwole SP Wertheimer F Guinet JA Herrfeldt DS Peterson JA Ravetch TE Wellems, Cell 1995 82 89 100 10.1016/0092-8674(95)90055-1 7606788
31. var genes, PfEMP1 and the human host. K Flick Q Chen, Mol Biochem Parasitol 2004 134 3 9 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2003.09.010 14747137
32. Human vascular endothelial cell adhesion receptors for Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes: roles for endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule 1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1. CF Ockenhouse T Tegoshi Y Maeno C Benjamin M Ho KE Kan Y Thway K Win M Aikawa RR Lobb, J Exp Med 1992 176 1183 1189 10.1084/jem.176.4.1183 1383378
33. The genome of the simian and human malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi. A Pain U Bohme AE Berry K Mungall RD Finn AP Jackson T Mourier J Mistry EM Pasini MA Aslett S Balasubrammaniam K Borgwardt K Brooks C Carret TJ Carver I Cherevach T Chillingworth TG Clark MR Galinski N Hall D Harper D Harris H Hauser A Ivens CS Janssen T Keane N Larke S Lapp M Marti S Moule IM Meyer D Ormond N Peters M Sanders S Sanders TJ Sargeant M Simmonds F Smith R Squares S Thurston AR Tivey D Walker B White E Zuiderwijk C Churcher MA Quail AF Cowman CMR Turner MA Rajandream CHM Kocken AW Thomas CI Newbold BG Barrell M Berriman, Nature 2008 455 799 803 10.1038/nature07306 18843368
34. Altered expression of Plasmodium knowlesi variant antigen on the erythrocyte membrane in splenectomized rhesus monkeys. JW Barnwell RJ Howard LH Miller, J Immunol 1982 128 224 226 6172478
35. Acute respiratory distress syndrome in Plasmodium vivax malaria: case report and review of the literature. L Price T Planche C Rayner S Krishna, Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2007 101 655 659 10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.02.014 17433389
36. Cerebral malaria - a neurovascular pathology with many riddles still to be solved. N Coltel V Combes NH Hunt GE Grau, Curr Neurovasc Res 2004 1 91 110 10.2174/1567202043480116 16185187
37. Variant surface antigens, virulence genes and the pathogenesis of malaria. KW Deitsch L Hviid, Trends Parasitol 2004 20 562 566 10.1016/j.pt.2004.09.002 15522665
38. Pathogenesis, clinical features, and neurological outcome of cerebral malaria. R Idro NE Jenkins CR Newton, Lancet Neurol 2005 4 827 840 10.1016/S1474-4422(05)70247-7 16297841
39. Inhibition of platelet adherence to brain microvasculature protects against severe Plasmodium berghei malaria. G Sun WL Chang J Li SM Berney D Kimpel HC van der Heyde, Infect Immun 2003 71 6553 6561 10.1128/IAI.71.11.6553- 6561.2003 14573677
40. Rho kinase inhibition in severe malaria: thwarting parasite-induced collateral damage to endothelia. Z Taoufiq F Gay J Balvanyos L Ciceron M Tefit P Lechat D Mazier, J Inf Dis 2008 197 1062 1073 10.1086/528988 (Pubitemid 351590036)
41. Pathogenesis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria: the roles of parasite adhesion and antigenic variation. JG Beeson GV Brown, Cell Mol Life Sci 2002 59 258 271 10.1007/s00018-002-8421-y 11915943
42. Plasmodium falciparum associated with severe childhood malaria preferentially expresses PfEMP1 encoded by group A var genes. AT Jensen P Magistrado S Sharp L Joergensen T Lavstsen A Chiucchiuini A Salanti LS Vestergaard JP Lusingu R Hermsen R Sauerwein J Chritensen MA Nielsen l Hviid C Sutherland T Staalsoe TG Theander, J Exp Med 2004 199 1179 1190 10.1084/jem.20040274 15123742
43. Pathophysiology of fatal falciparum malaria in African children. CR Newton TE Taylor RO Whitten, Am J Trop Med Hyg 1998 58 673 683 9598460
44. Is human malarial coma caused, or merely deepened, by sequestration? IA Clark LM Alleva, Trends Parasitol 2009 25 314 318 10.1016/j.pt.2009.04.003 19541540