Kyrgyzstan’s Manas Epos Millennium Celebrations: Post-Colonial Resurgence of Turkic Culture and the Marketing of Cultural Tourism

Festivals, Tourism and Social Change: Remaking Worlds

Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 172-190

  Thompson, Karen ^b   Schofield, Peter ^c   Palmer, Nicola ^d   Bakieva, Gulnara ^a  

^a Strathclyde Business School ^*

^b UNIVERSITY OF STRATHCLYDE   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SALFORD   (United Kingdom)

^d SHEFFIELD HALLAM UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 76749156888     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (47)

1. Akmatova, L. (2001) Personal communication with Ludmilla Akmatova, Kyrgyz State Agency for Tourism and Sports, Bishkek, 21st November.
2. Asankanov, A.A. and Bekmukhamedova, N. (1999) Akyns and Manaschis: Creators and Keepers of the Kyrgyz People Spiritual Culture. Bishkek: United Nations Development Programme.
3. Asankanov, A.A. and Omurbekov, T.N. (1995) The Epos Manas is the Unique Masterpiece of the World Cultural Treasury. Bishkek: National Organising Committee for Preparation and Celebration of the 1000th Anniversary of the Epos ‘Manas’.
4. Ashworth, G. and Goodall, B. (1988) Marketing in the Tourism Industry: The Promotion of Destination Regions. London: Croom Helm.
5. Askarov, T., Asankanov, A., Omurbekov, T., Abetekov, A. and Bekmukhamedova, N. (Eds) (1995) ‘Manas’ Epos and the Worlds Epic Heritage. Bishkek: Kyrgyz Republic National Academy of Sciences.
6. Auezov, M.A. (1961) The Kirghiz Heroic Epos ‘Manas’. Frunze: National Academy of Sciences.
7. Auezov, M.A. (1999) Time of the epos ‘Manas’ origin. In M.T. Bayjiev (ed.) The Great Kyrgyz Epos ‘Manas’, Book 1, Manas (pp. 213-261). Bishkek: State Directorate for the Promotion of Manas.
8. Bashiri, I. (1999a) Kyrgyzstan: An overview. On WWW at http://www.iles.umn. edu/faculty/bashiri/courses/Kyrgyz.htm.
9. Bashiri, I. (1999b) Manas: the Kyrgyz epic. On WWW at http://www.iles.umn. edu/faculty/bashiri/manas/manas.htm.
10. Bayjiev, M.T. (1999a) A word of the author. In M.T. Bayjiev (ed.) The Great Kyrgyz Epos ‘Manas’, Book 1, Manas (pp. 159-77). Bishkek: State Directorate for the Promotion of Manas.
11. Bayjiev, M.T. (1999b) My heartache ‘Manas’. In M.T. Bayjiev (ed.) The Great Kyrgyz Epos ‘Manas’, Book 3, Sejtek (pp. 212-75). Bishkek: State Directorate for the Promotion of Manas.
12. BBC News (2001) On WWW at http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/1718397. stm.
13. Bichel, A.R. (1997) Identity/Difference in Central Asia. New York: ICARP Publications.
14. Britton, S. (1991) Tourism, capital, and place: Towards a critical geography of tourism. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 9, 451-78.
15. Central Asian Tourism Corporation (2001) Great Silk Road Tours. Bishkek: Central Asian Tourism (Kyrgyzstan) Corporation.
16. Clark University (2001) Cultural identities and global processes. On WWW at http://www.clarku.edu/departments/culturalid/.
17. Craik, J. (1997) The culture of tourism. In C. Rojek and J. Urry (eds) Touring Cultures. Transformations of travel and theory (pp. 113-36). London: Routledge.
18. Fairbanks, C.H. (2001) Disillusionment in the Caucasus and Central Asia. Journal of Democracy 12 (4), 49-56.
19. Galieva, Z. (1995) The ‘Manas’ epos as a historical source. In T. Askarov, A. Asankanov, T. Omurbekov, A. Abetekov and N. Bekmukhamedova (eds) ‘Manas’ Epos and the World’s Epic Heritage (pp. 3-4). Bishkek: Kyrgyz Republic National Academy of Sciences.
20. Glavtour (2001) Kyrgyzstan. Bishkek: Glavtour.
21. Haberstroh, M. (2000) Kyrgyzstan - Asia’s future Switzerland. On WWW at http://cdf.gov.kg/en/country/travelarticles.htm.
22. Hall, C.M. (1992) Hallmark Tourism Events: Impacts, Management and Planning. London: Belhaven.
23. ICOMOS (1976) Charter on Cultural Tourism. Brussels: ICOMOS.
24. Inan, A. (1968) Makaleler ve Incelemeler. Ankara: University of Ankara.
25. Jhirmunski, B.M. (1999) Introduction in learning of epos Manas. In M.T. Bayjiev (ed.) The Great Kyrgyz Epos ‘Manas’, Book 2, Semetei (pp. 245-318). Bishkek: State Directorate for the Promotion of Manas.
26. KSATS (1999) Briefly about Kyrgyzstan. On WWW at http://homepage.kg/~olga/ briefly.html.
27. KSATS (2001) Kyrgyzstan: Land of Sky-High Mountains. Bishkek: Kyrgyz State Agency for Tourism and Sports.
28. Lusanova, E.S. (1995) The philosophical and aesthetic ‘tuning fork’ of Kyrgyz art. In T. Askarov, A. Asankanov, T. Omurbekov, A. Abetekov and N. Bekmukhamedova (eds) ‘Manas’ Epos and the Worlds Epic Heritage (pp. 99-100). Bishkek:Kyrgyz Republic National Academy of Sciences.
29. Malov, S.E. (1952) Yenisei Written Language of the Turks. Moscow: Academy of Sciences of the USSR.
30. Mayhew, G., Plunkett, R. and Richmond, S. (2000) Central Asia. London: Lonely Planet Publications.
31. Mellinger, W.M. (1994) Towards a critical analysis of tourism representations. Annals of Tourism Research 21, 756-79.
32. Morgan, N. and Pritchard, A. (1998) Tourism Promotion and Power: Creating Images, Creating Identities. Chichester: Wiley.
33. Morgan, N. and Pritchard, A. (2002) Contextualising destination branding. In N. Morgan, A. Pritchard and R. Pride (eds) Destination Branding: Creating the Unique Destination Proposition (pp. 11-41). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
34. Musayev, S. (1994) The Epos ‘Manas’. Bishkek: Kyrgyz Polygraph Kombinat.
35. Okeeva, A. (2001) Personal communication with Aziza Okeeva, National Commission for UNESCO, Bishkek, 22nd November.
36. Oxford Young European Society (1999), Nationalism - what has it achieved? On WWW at http://members.tripod.co.uk/oyes/discuss/natlism.html.
37. Paksoy, H.B. (1989) Alpamaysh: Central Asian Identity under Russian Rule Connecticut:Association for the Advancement of Central Asian Research.
38. Paksoy, H.B. (1995) Nationality or religion. Association for the Advancement of Central Asian Research (AACAR) Bulletin 8 (2), 13-25.
39. Reichl, K. (1992) Turkic Oral Epic Poetry: Traditions, Forms, Poetic Structure. New York: Garland Publishing Inc.
40. Rorlich, A. (1999) History, Collective memory and identity: The Tatars of sovereign Tatarstan. Communist and Post-Communist Studies 32, 379-96.
41. Seaton, A.V. (1998) The ethics of tourist destination promotion. On WWW at http://www.mcb.co.uk/services/conferen/jan98/eit/2_seaton.htm.
42. Togan, Z.V. (1972) Oguz Destani. Istanbul: No publisher.
43. UNESCO (2001) Masterpieces of the oral and intangible heritage of humanity. On WWW at http://www.unesco.org/culture/heritage/intangible/index.shtml.
44. Witoszek, N. (2001) Collective memory and national identity: the case of Sweden, Germany and Italy. On WWW at http://www.iue.it/RSC/Concom/mem. html.
45. World Bank (2000) Statistical Handbook: States of the Former USSR. New York: World Bank.
46. World Tourism Organisation (2001) Silk Road. Madrid: WTO/UNESCO.
47. Yologlu, G. (1995) Traces of common Turkic culture in the heroic Epics of the Yenesei Kyrgyz. In T. Askarov, A. Asankanov, T. Omurbekov A. Abetekov and N. Bekmukhamedova (eds) ‘Manas’ Epos and the Worlds Epic Heritage (pp. 38-9). Bishkek: Kyrgyz Republic National Academy of Sciences.