메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 34, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 79-88

Ethical issues in artificial nutrition and hydration: A review

Author keywords

Bioethics; Dementia; Enteral nutrition; Nutritional support; Palliative care

Indexed keywords

BIOETHICS; CLINICAL PRACTICE; DEMENTIA; ENTERIC FEEDING; HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL; HOSPITAL POLICY; HUMAN; HYDRATION; INFORMED CONSENT; LEGAL ASPECT; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING; NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT; PALLIATIVE THERAPY; PARENTERAL NUTRITION; PATIENT GUIDANCE; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RELIGION; RESPONSIBILITY; REVIEW; TERMINAL DISEASE; TREATMENT WITHDRAWAL;

EID: 76749154987     PISSN: 01486071     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0148607109347209     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (68)

References (91)
  • 1
    • 27744439128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Teitelbaum D, Guenter P, Howell WH, Kochevar ME, Roth J, Seidner DL. Definition of terms, style, and conventions used in A. S. P. E. N. guidelines and standards. Nutr Clin Pract. 2005;20: 281-285.
    • Teitelbaum D, Guenter P, Howell WH, Kochevar ME, Roth J, Seidner DL. Definition of terms, style, and conventions used in A. S. P. E. N. guidelines and standards. Nutr Clin Pract. 2005;20: 281-285.
  • 3
    • 0028290317 scopus 로고
    • Medical ethics: Four principles plus attention to scope
    • Gillon R. Medical ethics: four principles plus attention to scope. BMJ. 1994;309:184-188.
    • (1994) BMJ , vol.309 , pp. 184-188
    • Gillon, R.1
  • 4
    • 76749104736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bouvia v Superior Court (Glenchur), 195 Cal Ann 3rd 1075, 1987.
    • Bouvia v Superior Court (Glenchur), 195 Cal Ann 3rd 1075, 1987.
  • 5
    • 76749165775 scopus 로고
    • Disability and the end of life
    • Quellette A. Disability and the end of life. Oregon Law Review. 1987;85:123-175.
    • (1987) Oregon Law Review , vol.85 , pp. 123-175
    • Quellette, A.1
  • 6
    • 76749159868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fast Facts and Concepts
    • 2nd ed. End-of-Life Physician Education Resource Center: Medical College of Wisconsin; August
    • Hallenbeck J. Fast Facts and Concepts, #11: Tube Feed or Not Tube Feed? 2nd ed. End-of-Life Physician Education Resource Center: Medical College of Wisconsin; August 2005.
    • (2005) Tube Feed or Not Tube Feed , Issue.11
    • Hallenbeck, J.1
  • 7
    • 0031293022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Managed care at the bedside: How do we look in the moral mirror?
    • Pellegrino ED. Managed care at the bedside: how do we look in the moral mirror? Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 1997;7:321-330.
    • (1997) Kennedy Inst Ethics J , vol.7 , pp. 321-330
    • Pellegrino, E.D.1
  • 8
    • 52149110375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Artificial hydration and nutrition: A practical approach to discussion and decision-making
    • Bennett J, Eidsness LM, Young S. Artificial hydration and nutrition: a practical approach to discussion and decision-making. S D Med. 2008;Spec No:54-58.
    • (2008) S D Med , Issue.SPEC 54-58
    • Bennett, J.1    Eidsness, L.M.2    Young, S.3
  • 9
    • 0032084257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The family in medical decision making: Japanese perspectives
    • Fetters MD. The family in medical decision making: Japanese perspectives. J Clin Ethics. 1998;9:132-146.
    • (1998) J Clin Ethics , vol.9 , pp. 132-146
    • Fetters, M.D.1
  • 10
    • 0028459324 scopus 로고
    • Patient Self-Determination Act: A Hispanic perspective
    • Bedolla M. Patient Self-Determination Act: a Hispanic perspective. Camb Q Healthc Ethics. 1994;3:413-417.
    • (1994) Camb Q Healthc Ethics , vol.3 , pp. 413-417
    • Bedolla, M.1
  • 11
    • 0029124110 scopus 로고
    • Western bioethics on the Navajo reservation: Benefit or harm?
    • Carrese JA, Rhodes LA. Western bioethics on the Navajo reservation: benefit or harm? JAMA. 1995;274:826-829.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.274 , pp. 826-829
    • Carrese, J.A.1    Rhodes, L.A.2
  • 12
    • 34147188970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Position statement on laws and regulations concerning life-sustaining treatment, including artificial nutrition and hydration, for patients lacking decision-making capacity
    • Bacon D, Williams MA, Gordon J. Position statement on laws and regulations concerning life-sustaining treatment, including artificial nutrition and hydration, for patients lacking decision-making capacity. Neurology. 2007;68:1097-1100.
    • (2007) Neurology , vol.68 , pp. 1097-1100
    • Bacon, D.1    Williams, M.A.2    Gordon, J.3
  • 14
    • 34447578019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Artificial nutrition and hydration and the Catholic tradition: The Terri Schiavo case had even members of Congress debating the issue
    • O'Rourke KD. Artificial nutrition and hydration and the Catholic tradition: the Terri Schiavo case had even members of Congress debating the issue. Health Prog. 2007;88:50-54.
    • (2007) Health Prog , vol.88 , pp. 50-54
    • O'Rourke, K.D.1
  • 15
    • 76749153852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are feeding tubes morally obligatory?
    • Sulmasy DP. Are feeding tubes morally obligatory? St. Anthony Messenger. 2006;113:28-32.
    • (2006) St. Anthony Messenger , vol.113 , pp. 28-32
    • Sulmasy, D.P.1
  • 16
    • 5444265647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implications of the papal allocution on feeding tubes
    • Shannon TA, Walter JJ. Implications of the papal allocution on feeding tubes. Hastings Cent Rep. 2004;34:18-20.
    • (2004) Hastings Cent Rep , vol.34 , pp. 18-20
    • Shannon, T.A.1    Walter, J.J.2
  • 17
    • 13444271890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Applying traditional Jewish law to PVS
    • Dorff EN. Applying traditional Jewish law to PVS. NeuroRehabilitation. 2004;19:277-283.
    • (2004) NeuroRehabilitation , vol.19 , pp. 277-283
    • Dorff, E.N.1
  • 18
    • 0035137593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Artificial nutrition and hydration in the patient with advanced dementia: Is withholding treatment compatible with traditional Judaism?
    • Gillick MR. Artificial nutrition and hydration in the patient with advanced dementia: is withholding treatment compatible with traditional Judaism? J Med Ethics. 2001;27:12-15.
    • (2001) J Med Ethics , vol.27 , pp. 12-15
    • Gillick, M.R.1
  • 19
  • 20
    • 76749103368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical Research. Deciding to Forgo Life-Sustaining Treatment: A Report on the Ethical, Medical, and Legal Issues in Treatment Decisions. Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Office; 1983.
    • The President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical Research. Deciding to Forgo Life-Sustaining Treatment: A Report on the Ethical, Medical, and Legal Issues in Treatment Decisions. Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Office; 1983.
  • 21
    • 0003705423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Medical Association Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs, Chicago, IL: American Medical Association;
    • American Medical Association Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs. Code of Medical Ethics: Current Opinions With Annotations. Chicago, IL: American Medical Association; 2006-2007.
    • (2006) Code of Medical Ethics: Current Opinions With Annotations
  • 22
    • 0005069116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Philadelphia, PA: Ethics and Human Rights Committee of the American College of Physicians;
    • Snyder L, Leffler C. Ethics Manual. Philadelphia, PA: Ethics and Human Rights Committee of the American College of Physicians; 2005.
    • (2005) Ethics Manual
    • Snyder, L.1    Leffler, C.2
  • 23
    • 0036580844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Position of the American Dietetic Association: Ethical and legal issues in nutrition, hydration, and feeding
    • Maillet JO, Potter RL, Heller L. Position of the American Dietetic Association: ethical and legal issues in nutrition, hydration, and feeding. J Am Diet As Soc. 2002;102:716-726.
    • (2002) J Am Diet As Soc , vol.102 , pp. 716-726
    • Maillet, J.O.1    Potter, R.L.2    Heller, L.3
  • 24
    • 34247130232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional support at the end of life: The relevant legal issues
    • Foster C, Carpenter J. Nutritional support at the end of life: the relevant legal issues. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;19:389-393.
    • (2007) Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.19 , pp. 389-393
    • Foster, C.1    Carpenter, J.2
  • 25
    • 0034308976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Withholding and withdrawing artificial nutrition and hydration: A legal perspective
    • Mathes MM. Withholding and withdrawing artificial nutrition and hydration: a legal perspective. Medsurg Nurs. 2000;9:270-273.
    • (2000) Medsurg Nurs , vol.9 , pp. 270-273
    • Mathes, M.M.1
  • 26
    • 0030347368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feeding, withdrawing, and withholding: Ethical perspectives
    • Burck R. Feeding, withdrawing, and withholding: ethical perspectives. Nutr Clin Pract. 1996;11:243-253.
    • (1996) Nutr Clin Pract , vol.11 , pp. 243-253
    • Burck, R.1
  • 27
    • 0027026601 scopus 로고
    • The legal consensus about foregoing life-sustaining treatment: Its status and its prospects
    • Meisel A. The legal consensus about foregoing life-sustaining treatment: its status and its prospects. Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 1992;2:309-345.
    • (1992) Kennedy Inst Ethics J , vol.2 , pp. 309-345
    • Meisel, A.1
  • 28
    • 34247140873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional support at the end of life: The relevant ethical issues
    • Jones BJ. Nutritional support at the end of life: the relevant ethical issues. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;19:383-388.
    • (2007) Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.19 , pp. 383-388
    • Jones, B.J.1
  • 29
    • 18644370066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethics, the constitution, and the dying process: The case of Theresa Marie Schiavo
    • Gostin LO. Ethics, the constitution, and the dying process: the case of Theresa Marie Schiavo. JAMA. 2005;293:2403-2407.
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.293 , pp. 2403-2407
    • Gostin, L.O.1
  • 30
    • 0025985627 scopus 로고
    • Life and death choices after Cruzan: Case law and standards of professional conduct
    • Gostin L, Weir RF. Life and death choices after Cruzan: case law and standards of professional conduct. Milbank Q. 1991;69:143-173.
    • (1991) Milbank Q , vol.69 , pp. 143-173
    • Gostin, L.1    Weir, R.F.2
  • 31
    • 0024166188 scopus 로고
    • Assessing patients' capacities to consent to treatment
    • Appelbaum PS, Grisso T. Assessing patients' capacities to consent to treatment. N Engl J M Ed. 1988;319:1635-1638.
    • (1988) N Engl J M Ed , vol.319 , pp. 1635-1638
    • Appelbaum, P.S.1    Grisso, T.2
  • 32
    • 0035848348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The adequacy of informed consent for placement of gastrostomy tubes
    • Brett AS, Rosenberg JC. The adequacy of informed consent for placement of gastrostomy tubes. Arch Intern M Ed. 2001;161:745-748.
    • (2001) Arch Intern M Ed , vol.161 , pp. 745-748
    • Brett, A.S.1    Rosenberg, J.C.2
  • 33
    • 0034208068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responding to parental requests to forego pediatric nutrition and hydration
    • Johnson J, Mitchell C. Responding to parental requests to forego pediatric nutrition and hydration. J Clin Ethics. 2000;11:128-135.
    • (2000) J Clin Ethics , vol.11 , pp. 128-135
    • Johnson, J.1    Mitchell, C.2
  • 34
    • 10444251004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Withdrawal of medically administered nutrition and hydration: The role of benefits and burdens, and of parents and ethics committees
    • Johnson JA. Withdrawal of medically administered nutrition and hydration: the role of benefits and burdens, and of parents and ethics committees. J Clin Ethics. 2004;15:307-311.
    • (2004) J Clin Ethics , vol.15 , pp. 307-311
    • Johnson, J.A.1
  • 35
    • 0037336961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Withdrawing nutrition and hydration from children: Legal, ethical, and professional issues
    • Levi BH. Withdrawing nutrition and hydration from children: legal, ethical, and professional issues. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2003;42: 139-145.
    • (2003) Clin Pediatr (Phila) , vol.42 , pp. 139-145
    • Levi, B.H.1
  • 36
    • 0346394860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ethics of withholding/withdrawing nutrition in the newborn
    • Carter BS, Leuthner SR. The ethics of withholding/withdrawing nutrition in the newborn. Semin Perinatol. 2003;27:480-487.
    • (2003) Semin Perinatol , vol.27 , pp. 480-487
    • Carter, B.S.1    Leuthner, S.R.2
  • 37
    • 0026605010 scopus 로고
    • Ethics and the provision of futile, harmful, or burdensome treatment to children
    • Nelson LJ, Nelson RM. Ethics and the provision of futile, harmful, or burdensome treatment to children. Crit Care M Ed. 1992;20:427-433.
    • (1992) Crit Care M Ed , vol.20 , pp. 427-433
    • Nelson, L.J.1    Nelson, R.M.2
  • 38
    • 33747040324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethical issues in artificial nutrition and hydration
    • Fine RL. Ethical issues in artificial nutrition and hydration. Nutr Clin Pract. 2006;21:118-125.
    • (2006) Nutr Clin Pract , vol.21 , pp. 118-125
    • Fine, R.L.1
  • 39
    • 76749168982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Jaffe E, Knight CF. Ethical and Legal Dimensions of Treating Life-Limiting Illness. Unipac Six 3rd ed. Glenview, IL: American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Care Medicine; 2008.
    • Jaffe E, Knight CF. Ethical and Legal Dimensions of Treating Life-Limiting Illness. Vol Unipac Six 3rd ed. Glenview, IL: American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Care Medicine; 2008.
  • 40
    • 0345601093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethical and legal issues in nutrition support of the geriatric patient: The can, should, and must of nutrition support
    • Barrocas A, Yarbrough G, Becnel PA III, Nelson JE. Ethical and legal issues in nutrition support of the geriatric patient: the can, should, and must of nutrition support. Nutr Clin Pract. 2003;18:37-47.
    • (2003) Nutr Clin Pract , vol.18 , pp. 37-47
    • Barrocas, A.1    Yarbrough, G.2    Becnel III, P.A.3    Nelson, J.E.4
  • 41
    • 76749119890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barber v Superior Court, 195 Cal Rptr 484, 486 (Ct. App. 1983).
    • Barber v Superior Court, 195 Cal Rptr 484, 486 (Ct. App. 1983).
  • 42
    • 76749083828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cruzan v Director Missouri Department of Health, 2481 (110 S. Ct 1990).
    • Cruzan v Director Missouri Department of Health, 2481 (110 S. Ct 1990).
  • 43
    • 76749093619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1990. 101-508: Public Law (1990).
    • Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1990. Vol 101-508: Public Law (1990).
  • 44
    • 0032604231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advance directives: The emerging body of research
    • Ott BB. Advance directives: the emerging body of research. Am J Crit Care. 1999;8:514-519.
    • (1999) Am J Crit Care , vol.8 , pp. 514-519
    • Ott, B.B.1
  • 45
    • 0033287971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • End-of-life decision making: When patients and surrogates disagree
    • Terry PB, Vettese M, Song J, et al. End-of-life decision making: when patients and surrogates disagree. J Clin Ethics. 1999;10:286-293.
    • (1999) J Clin Ethics , vol.10 , pp. 286-293
    • Terry, P.B.1    Vettese, M.2    Song, J.3
  • 46
    • 0029893222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advance end-of-life treatment planning: A research review
    • Miles SH, Koepp R, Weber EP. Advance end-of-life treatment planning: a research review. Arch Intern M Ed. 1996;156:1062-1068.
    • (1996) Arch Intern M Ed , vol.156 , pp. 1062-1068
    • Miles, S.H.1    Koepp, R.2    Weber, E.P.3
  • 47
    • 0034113828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A crossnational survey of tube-feeding decisions in cognitively impaired older persons
    • Mitchell SL, Berkowitz RE, Lawson FM, Lipsitz LA. A crossnational survey of tube-feeding decisions in cognitively impaired older persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2000;48:391-397.
    • (2000) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.48 , pp. 391-397
    • Mitchell, S.L.1    Berkowitz, R.E.2    Lawson, F.M.3    Lipsitz, L.A.4
  • 48
    • 0033564582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decision-making for long-term tube-feeding in cognitively impaired elderly people
    • Mitchell SL, Lawson FM. Decision-making for long-term tube-feeding in cognitively impaired elderly people. CMAJ. 1999; 160:1705-1709.
    • (1999) CMAJ , vol.160 , pp. 1705-1709
    • Mitchell, S.L.1    Lawson, F.M.2
  • 49
    • 33646109561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surrogates' perceptions about feeding tube placement decisions
    • Lewis CL, Hanson LC, Golin C, et al. Surrogates' perceptions about feeding tube placement decisions. Patient Educ Couns. 2006;61:246-252.
    • (2006) Patient Educ Couns , vol.61 , pp. 246-252
    • Lewis, C.L.1    Hanson, L.C.2    Golin, C.3
  • 50
    • 4344688084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Making decisions with families at the end of life
    • Lang F, Quill T. Making decisions with families at the end of life. Am Fam Physician. 2004;70:719-723.
    • (2004) Am Fam Physician , vol.70 , pp. 719-723
    • Lang, F.1    Quill, T.2
  • 52
    • 0028291847 scopus 로고
    • More talk, less paper: Predicting the accuracy of substituted judgments
    • Sulmasy D P, Haller K, Terry PB. More talk, less paper: predicting the accuracy of substituted judgments. Am J M Ed. 1994;96:432-438.
    • (1994) Am J M Ed , vol.96 , pp. 432-438
    • Sulmasy, D.P.1    Haller, K.2    Terry, P.B.3
  • 53
    • 0032522694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The accuracy of substituted judgments in patients with terminal diagnoses
    • Sulmasy DP, Terry PB, Weisman CS, et al. The accuracy of substituted judgments in patients with terminal diagnoses. Ann Intern M Ed. 1998;128:621-629.
    • (1998) Ann Intern M Ed , vol.128 , pp. 621-629
    • Sulmasy, D.P.1    Terry, P.B.2    Weisman, C.S.3
  • 55
    • 0004274132 scopus 로고
    • Lloyd GER, ed, London: Penguin Books;
    • Lloyd GER, ed. Hippocratic Writings. London: Penguin Books; 1983.
    • (1983) Hippocratic Writings
  • 56
    • 28644452188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • version, Accessed December 21, 2008
    • Lasagna L. Hippocratic oath modern version. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ doctors/oath-modern. html. Accessed December 21, 2008.
    • Hippocratic oath modern
    • Lasagna, L.1
  • 57
    • 0027439439 scopus 로고
    • Decisions near the end of life: Professional views on life-sustaining treatments
    • Solomon MZ, O'Donnell L, Jennings B, et al. Decisions near the end of life: professional views on life-sustaining treatments. Am J Public Health. 1993;83:14-23.
    • (1993) Am J Public Health , vol.83 , pp. 14-23
    • Solomon, M.Z.1    O'Donnell, L.2    Jennings, B.3
  • 58
    • 0027508847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Andrews M, Bell ER, Smith SA, Tischler JF, Veglia JM. Dehydration in terminally ill patients: is it appropriate palliative care? Postgrad M Ed. 1993;93:201-203, 206-208.
    • Andrews M, Bell ER, Smith SA, Tischler JF, Veglia JM. Dehydration in terminally ill patients: is it appropriate palliative care? Postgrad M Ed. 1993;93:201-203, 206-208.
  • 59
    • 0028110449 scopus 로고
    • Comfort care for terminally ill patients: The appropriate use of nutrition and hydration
    • McCann RM, Hall WJ, Groth-Juncker A. Comfort care for terminally ill patients: the appropriate use of nutrition and hydration. JAMA. 1994;272:1263-1266.
    • (1994) JAMA , vol.272 , pp. 1263-1266
    • McCann, R.M.1    Hall, W.J.2    Groth-Juncker, A.3
  • 60
    • 0026560968 scopus 로고
    • Terminal dehydration, a compassionate treatment
    • Printz LA. Terminal dehydration, a compassionate treatment. Arch Intern M Ed. 1992;152:697-700.
    • (1992) Arch Intern M Ed , vol.152 , pp. 697-700
    • Printz, L.A.1
  • 61
    • 8544234306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physicianand nurse-reported effects of intravenous hydration therapy on symptoms of terminally ill patients with cancer
    • Morita T, Shima Y, Miyashita M, Kimura R, Adachi I. Physicianand nurse-reported effects of intravenous hydration therapy on symptoms of terminally ill patients with cancer. J Palliat M Ed. 2004;7:683-693.
    • (2004) J Palliat M Ed , vol.7 , pp. 683-693
    • Morita, T.1    Shima, Y.2    Miyashita, M.3    Kimura, R.4    Adachi, I.5
  • 63
    • 0037090725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feeding tubes in patients with severe dementia
    • 1515
    • Li I. Feeding tubes in patients with severe dementia. Am Fam Physician. 2002;65:1605-1610, 1515.
    • (2002) Am Fam Physician , vol.65 , pp. 1605-1610
    • Li, I.1
  • 64
    • 0030330655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dehydration and provision of fluids in palliative care: What is the evidence?
    • Burge FI. Dehydration and provision of fluids in palliative care: what is the evidence? Can Fam Physician. 1996;42:2383-2388.
    • (1996) Can Fam Physician , vol.42 , pp. 2383-2388
    • Burge, F.I.1
  • 65
    • 0028937803 scopus 로고
    • Malnutrition, tube feeding and pressure sores: Data are incomplete
    • Finucane TE. Malnutrition, tube feeding and pressure sores: data are incomplete. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1995;43:447-451.
    • (1995) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.43 , pp. 447-451
    • Finucane, T.E.1
  • 66
    • 0028021318 scopus 로고
    • The use of hypodermoclysis for rehydration in terminally ill cancer patients
    • Fainsinger RL, MacEachern T, Miller MJ, et al. The use of hypodermoclysis for rehydration in terminally ill cancer patients. J Pain Symptom Manage. 1994;9:298-302.
    • (1994) J Pain Symptom Manage , vol.9 , pp. 298-302
    • Fainsinger, R.L.1    MacEachern, T.2    Miller, M.J.3
  • 68
    • 34247094214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Artificial nutrition and hydration at the end of life: Ethics and evidence
    • Ganzini L. Artificial nutrition and hydration at the end of life: ethics and evidence. Palliat Support Care. 2006;4:135-143.
    • (2006) Palliat Support Care , vol.4 , pp. 135-143
    • Ganzini, L.1
  • 69
    • 0347739321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do dying patients really need i.v. fluids?
    • Zerwekh JV. Do dying patients really need i.v. fluids? Am J Nurs. 1997;97:26-30.
    • (1997) Am J Nurs , vol.97 , pp. 26-30
    • Zerwekh, J.V.1
  • 70
    • 33747074410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tube feeding patients with dementia
    • Chernoff R. Tube feeding patients with dementia. Nutr Clin Pract. 2006;21:142-146.
    • (2006) Nutr Clin Pract , vol.21 , pp. 142-146
    • Chernoff, R.1
  • 71
    • 0033552295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tube feeding in patients with advanced dementia: A review of the evidence
    • Finucane TE, Christmas C, Travis K. Tube feeding in patients with advanced dementia: a review of the evidence. JAMA. 1999; 282:1365-1370.
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.282 , pp. 1365-1370
    • Finucane, T.E.1    Christmas, C.2    Travis, K.3
  • 72
    • 33745198692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • To PEG or not to PEG: A review of evidence for placing feeding tubes in advanced dementia and the decision-making process
    • Cervo FA, Bryan L, Farber S. To PEG or not to PEG: a review of evidence for placing feeding tubes in advanced dementia and the decision-making process. Geriatrics. 2006;61:30-35.
    • (2006) Geriatrics , vol.61 , pp. 30-35
    • Cervo, F.A.1    Bryan, L.2    Farber, S.3
  • 73
    • 0035952295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High short-term mortality in hospitalized patients with advanced dementia: Lack of benefit of tube feeding
    • Meier DE, Ahronheim JC, Morris J, Baskin-Lyons S, Morrison RS. High short-term mortality in hospitalized patients with advanced dementia: lack of benefit of tube feeding. Arch Intern M Ed. 2001;161:594-599.
    • (2001) Arch Intern M Ed , vol.161 , pp. 594-599
    • Meier, D.E.1    Ahronheim, J.C.2    Morris, J.3    Baskin-Lyons, S.4    Morrison, R.S.5
  • 75
    • 0038010806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy does not prolong survival in patients with dementia
    • Murphy LM, Lipman TO. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy does not prolong survival in patients with dementia. Arch Intern M Ed. 2003;163:1351-1353.
    • (2003) Arch Intern M Ed , vol.163 , pp. 1351-1353
    • Murphy, L.M.1    Lipman, T.O.2
  • 76
    • 0034688325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rethinking the role of tube feeding in patients with advanced dementia
    • Gillick MR. Rethinking the role of tube feeding in patients with advanced dementia. N Engl J M Ed. 2000;342:206-210.
    • (2000) N Engl J M Ed , vol.342 , pp. 206-210
    • Gillick, M.R.1
  • 77
    • 0025690528 scopus 로고
    • Long-term enteral feeding of aged demented nursing home patients
    • Peck A, Cohen CE, Mulvihill MN. Long-term enteral feeding of aged demented nursing home patients. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1990;38: 1195-1198.
    • (1990) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.38 , pp. 1195-1198
    • Peck, A.1    Cohen, C.E.2    Mulvihill, M.N.3
  • 78
    • 0028293226 scopus 로고
    • Long-term follow-up of consequences of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tubes in nursing home patients
    • Kaw M, Sekas G. Long-term follow-up of consequences of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tubes in nursing home patients. Dig Dis Sci. 1994;39:738-743.
    • (1994) Dig Dis Sci , vol.39 , pp. 738-743
    • Kaw, M.1    Sekas, G.2
  • 79
    • 33748920727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tube feeding in advanced dementia: An exploratory survey of physician knowledge
    • Vitale CA, Hiner T, Ury WA, Berkman CS, Ahronheim JC. Tube feeding in advanced dementia: an exploratory survey of physician knowledge. Care Manag J. 2006;7:79-85.
    • (2006) Care Manag J , vol.7 , pp. 79-85
    • Vitale, C.A.1    Hiner, T.2    Ury, W.A.3    Berkman, C.S.4    Ahronheim, J.C.5
  • 81
    • 33745273848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Careful hand feeding: A reasonable alternative to PEG tube placement in individuals with dementia
    • DiBartolo MC. Careful hand feeding: a reasonable alternative to PEG tube placement in individuals with dementia. J Gerontol Nurs. 2006;32:25-33.
    • (2006) J Gerontol Nurs , vol.32 , pp. 25-33
    • DiBartolo, M.C.1
  • 82
    • 0037242093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Financial incentives for placing feeding tubes in nursing home residents with advanced dementia
    • Mitchell SL. Financial incentives for placing feeding tubes in nursing home residents with advanced dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2003;51:129-131.
    • (2003) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.51 , pp. 129-131
    • Mitchell, S.L.1
  • 84
    • 0037065807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The minimally conscious state: Definition and diagnostic criteria
    • Giacino JT, Ashwal S, Childs N, et al. The minimally conscious state: definition and diagnostic criteria. Neurology. 2002;58: 349-353.
    • (2002) Neurology , vol.58 , pp. 349-353
    • Giacino, J.T.1    Ashwal, S.2    Childs, N.3
  • 85
    • 24344491189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic and prognostic guidelines for the vegetative and minimally conscious states
    • Giacino JT, Kalmar K. Diagnostic and prognostic guidelines for the vegetative and minimally conscious states. Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2005;15:166-174.
    • (2005) Neuropsychol Rehabil , vol.15 , pp. 166-174
    • Giacino, J.T.1    Kalmar, K.2
  • 86
    • 13444310766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical decision making in the vegetative state: Withdrawal of nutrition and hydration
    • Andrews K. Medical decision making in the vegetative state: withdrawal of nutrition and hydration. NeuroRehabilitation. 2004;19:299-304.
    • (2004) NeuroRehabilitation , vol.19 , pp. 299-304
    • Andrews, K.1
  • 87
    • 0036122977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Refusing artificial nutrition and hydration: Does statutory law send the wrong message?
    • Sieger CE, Arnold JF, Ahronheim JC. Refusing artificial nutrition and hydration: does statutory law send the wrong message? J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002;50:544-550.
    • (2002) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.50 , pp. 544-550
    • Sieger, C.E.1    Arnold, J.F.2    Ahronheim, J.C.3
  • 88
    • 0033923954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conscientious objection in medicine
    • Wicclair MR. Conscientious objection in medicine. Bioethics. 2000;14:205-227.
    • (2000) Bioethics , vol.14 , pp. 205-227
    • Wicclair, M.R.1
  • 89
    • 76749111555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine, Glenview, IL: American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine;
    • American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine. Statement on the Use of Nutrition and Hydration. Glenview, IL: American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine; 2005.
    • (2005) Statement on the Use of Nutrition and Hydration
  • 90
    • 28944454415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appropriate use of artificial nutrition and hydration-fundamental principles and recommendations
    • Casarett D, Kapo J, Caplan A. Appropriate use of artificial nutrition and hydration-fundamental principles and recommendations. N Engl J M Ed. 2005;353:2607-2612.
    • (2005) N Engl J M Ed , vol.353 , pp. 2607-2612
    • Casarett, D.1    Kapo, J.2    Caplan, A.3
  • 91
    • 41249084601 scopus 로고
    • Guidelines on medical procedures for supplying nutrition and hydration
    • The Hastings Center, Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press;
    • The Hastings Center. Guidelines on medical procedures for supplying nutrition and hydration. Guidelines on the Termination of Life Sustaining Treatment and the Care of the Dying. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press; 1987.
    • (1987) Guidelines on the Termination of Life Sustaining Treatment and the Care of the Dying


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.