The politics of security and international law in Norways arctic waters

Polar Record

Volumn 46, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 75-83

  Jensen, Øystein ^a   Rottem, Svein Vigeland ^a  

^a FRIDTJOF NANSEN INSTITUTE   (Norway)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

INTERNATIONAL LAW; INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS; MARINE POLICY; MARITIME BOUNDARY; NATIONAL SECURITY; POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY; RESOURCE MANAGEMENT;

NORWAY;

EID: 76749124336     PISSN: 00322474     EISSN: 14753057     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0032247409990076     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Borgerson, S.G. 2008. The Arctic meltdown. The economic and security implications of global warming. Foreign Affairs 87(2): 63-77.
2. Buzan, B., O. Wæver, and J. de Wilde. 1998. Security: a new framework for analysis. London: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
3. Børresen, J. 2005. Forsvar uten trussel. Det norske Forsvarets rolle og funksjon etter den kalde krigen. Oslo: Abstrakt forlag AS.
4. Churchill, R., and G. Ulfstein. 1992. Marine management in disputed areas: the case of the Barents Sea. London: Routledge.
5. CCS (Convention on the Continental Shelf).1958. Convention on the Continental Shelf, Geneva, 29 April 1958. In: United Nations Treaty Series 499: 311.
6. Diesen, S. 2007. New perspectives onmilitary power in the Arctic. Speech by Chief of the General Staff of Norway. Tromsø, 25 September 2007. URL: http://www.mil. no/multimedia/archive/00099/New-Perspectives-on-99589a.doc (accessed 6 May 2009).
7. Dokumenty. 1964. Dokumenty Vneshnej Politiki SSSR [Documents of the Foreign Policy of the USSR] 9: 28 In: Rozakis, C. 1989. Continental shelf. In: Bernhardt, R. (editor). Encyclopedia of Public International Law vol. 1. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers
8. Fleischer, C.A. 1976. Oil and Svalbard. Nordisk Tidsskrift for Internasjonal Ret (Acta Scandinavica juris gentium) 46(1-2): 7-13.
9. Fleischer, C.A. 1983. Petroleumsrett. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget
10. Fleischer, C.A. 1994. Folkerett. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.
11. Graff, J. 2007. Fight for the top of the world. Time Magazine 19 September 2007. URL: http://www.time. com/time/world/article/0,8599,1663445,00. html (accessed 6 May 2009).
12. Hønneland, G. 2006. Kvotekamp og kystsolidaritet. Norskrussisk fiskeriforvaltning gjennom 30 °ar. Bergen: Fagbokforlaget.
13. Ilulisat Declaration. 2008. Ilulissat Declaration. Ilulissat, Greenland: Arctic Ocean Conference (27-29 May 2008). URL: http://uk.nanoq.gl/Emner/News/ News- from-Parliament/2008/05/?/media/66562304FA4649-45BB621411BFFB6E12.ashx. (accessed 6 May 2009).
14. J́ohannesson, G.T. 2005. Sympathy and self-interest. Norway and the Anglo-Icelandic cod wars. Forsvarsstudier 1(26): 4-148.
15. Jørgensen, J.H. 2004. Svalbard: russiske persepsjoner og politikkutforming. Internasjonal politikk 62(2): 177-197.
16. Keohane, R.O., and J.S. Nye. 1977. Power and interdependence: world politics in transition. Boston: Little, Brown and Company.
17. Korovin, E.A. 1926. SSSR i polarnye zemli [The USSR and the polar lands]. Sovetskoe pravo 3: 43-46.
18. Mearsheimer, J.J. 2001. The tragedy of great power politics. New York: W.W Norton & Company.
19. Moe, A. 2008. The Russian Barents Sea: openings for Norway? In: Gottemoeller, R., and R. Tamnes (editors), High north: high stakes. Bergen: Fagbokforlaget: 75-85.
20. NATO. 2009. Speech by NATO Secretary General Jaap de Hoop Scheffer on security prospects in the high north. Reykjavik, Iceland 29 January 2009. URL: http://www.nato.int/docu/speech/2009/s090129a.html (accessed 6 May 2009).
21. Neumann, I.B. 2002. Norges handlingsrom og behovet for en overgripende sikkerhetspolitisk strategi. Det sikkerhetspolitiske bibliotek 3(9): 3-21.
22. Norway, Act. 1963. Act relating to scientific research and exploration for and exploitation of subsea natural resources other than petroleum resources [Lov om vitenskapelig utforskning og undersøkelse etter og utnyttelse av andre undersjøiske naturforekomster enn petroleumsforekomster] 21 June 1963 No.12 Section 1. In: Flock, H., and S.L. Birger (editors). Norges lover. Mikkeli: St. Michel Print Oy.
23. Norway, Ministry of Defence 2008. Et forsvar til vern om Norges sikkerhet, interesser og verdier. [Defending Norwegian security, interests and values]. Oslo: Ministry of Defence (Government Proposal 48 (2007- 2008)). URL http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/ fd/dok/ regpubl/stprp/2007-2008/stprp-nr-48- 2007-2008-.html?id = 504783 (Accessed 6 May 2009).
24. Norway, Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 2006. The Norwegian Government's high north strategy. Oslo, Tromsø: Ministry of ForeignAffairs. URL: http://www.regjeringen. no/upload/kilde/ud/pla/2006/0006/ddd/pdfv/302927- nstrategi06.pdf (accessed 6 May 2009)
25. Norway, Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2008. Om samtykke til ratifikasjon av overenskomst av 11. juli 2007 mellom Norge og Russland om den maritime avgrensning i Varangerfjordomr°adet [On consent to the ratification of the agreement of 11 July 2007 concerning the maritime delimitation of the Varangerfjord area]. Oslo: Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Government Proposal 3 (2007- 2008)). URL http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/ud/ dok/regpubl/stprp/2007- 2008/Stprp-nr-3-2007-2008-.html?id=488644 (accessed 6 May 2009)
26. Norway, Ministry of Petroleum and Energy and Norwegian Petroleum Directorate. 2008.Fakta: Norsk petroleumsverksemd. Olso: Ministry of Petroleum and Norwegian Petroleum Directorate.
27. Norway, Police Security Service. 2009. Unclassified threat assessment 2009. URL: http://www.pst.politiet.no/ System/english/ Annual%20%20threat%20assessment/ Unclassified%20threat%20assessment%202009.pdf (accessed 6 May 2009)
28. Norway, Royal Decree. 1977. Royal Decree, 3 June 1977 pursuant to section 1 of the Act on Norway's Economic Zone of 17 December 1976 no 91. In: Flock, H., and S.L. Birger (editors). Norges lover. Mikkeli: St. Michel Print Oy.
29. Riste, O. 2005. Norwaỳs foreign relations - A history. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget AS.
30. Rozakis, C. 1989. Continental shelf. In: Bernhardt, R. (editor) Encyclopedia of Public International Law 1. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers.
31. Strøm-Erichsen, A.-G. 2007. Verdier verd °a verne [Values worth defending]. Defence Minister's address to the Oslo Military Society, 8 January 2007. URL: http:// www.regjeringen.no/en/dep/fd/The-Ministry/ defenceminister-anne-grete-strom-erichs/Speeches-andarticles/ 2007/Verdier-verd-a-verne.html?id = 440937 (accessed 6 May 2009).
32. Strøm-Erichsen, A.-G. 2008. Trusler og utfordringer, sikkerhet og forsva [Threats and challenges, security and defence]. Defence Minister's address to the Oslo Military Society, 7 January 2008. URL: http://www. regjeringen.no/en/dep/fd/The-Ministry/defenceminister-anne-grete-strom-erichs/ Speeches-andarticles/ 2008/Threats-and-challenges-security-anddefe. html?id = 495932 (accessed 6 May 2009)
33. Treaty 1920. Treaty concerning the archipelago of Spitsbergen (adopted 9 Frbruary 1920, entered into force 14 August 1925) In: 2 League of Nations treaty series (LNTS) 7.
34. Tunander, O. 2008. Geopolitics of the north: geopolitik of the weak. Cooperation and Conflict. 43(2): 164-184.
35. Ulfstein, G. 1995. The Svalbard Treaty. From 'terra nullius' to Norwegian sovereignty. Oslo: Scandinavian University Press.
36. UNCLOS. 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Montego Bay, 10 December 1982. UN document A/CONF, 62/122. In: International Legal Materials 21: 1,26 l ff.
37. UNCLOS III. 1973-1982. Third United Nations conferences on the law of the sea. Official Records. Vols I-XVII. In: Platzoder, R. (editor). 1982-1987. Third United Nations conferences on the law of the sea. 12 vols. Dobbs Ferry, New York
38. Underhill, W. 2007. Norwegian gold. Newsweek 8 January 2007. URL: http://www.newsweek.com/id/56729 (accessed 20 May 2009)
39. Vylegzhanin, A.N., and V.K. Zilanov. 2007. Spitsbergen: legal regime of adjacent marine areas. Utrecht: Eleven International Publishing.
40. Waltz, K. 1979. Theory of international politics. New York: McGraw-Hill.
41. Zysk, K. 2008. Russian military power and the Arctic. Brussels: EU-Russia Centre (EU-Russia Centre's Review VIII - Russian Foreign Policy). URL: http://www.eu-russiacentre.org/wp-content/uploads/ 2008/10/review-viii-final-13- 10.pdf (accessed 6 May 2009).