메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 56, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 737-748

Nitration of nitrobenzene at high-concentrations of sulfuric acid: Mass transfer and kinetic aspects

Author keywords

Activation energy; Aromatic nitration; Isomer distribution; Mass transfer coefficient; Mixed acid; Rate constant; Yield

Indexed keywords

AQUEOUS PHASE; CONCENTRATION OF; HIGH CONCENTRATION; HIGH YIELD; ISOMER DISTRIBUTIONS; KINETIC ASPECTS; LOW SPEED; MASS TRANSFER COEFFICIENT; MIXED ACID; MIXED ACIDS; MODERATE TEMPERATURE;

EID: 76749124019     PISSN: 00011541     EISSN: 15475905     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/aic.11989     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (26)

References (25)
  • 1
    • 34548563850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitration of nitrobenzene at highconcentrations of sulfuric acid
    • Rahaman M, Mandal BP, Ghosh P. Nitration of nitrobenzene at highconcentrations of sulfuric acid. AIChE J. 2007;53:2476-2480.
    • (2007) Aiche J , vol.53 , pp. 2476-2480
    • Rahaman, M.1    Mandal, B.P.2    Ghosh, P.3
  • 2
    • 17144393293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous adiabatic industrial benzene nitration with mixed acid at a pilot plant scale
    • Quadros PA, Oliveira NMC, Baptista CMSG. Continuous adiabatic industrial benzene nitration with mixed acid at a pilot plant scale. Chem Eng J. 2005;108:1-11.
    • (2005) Chem Eng J , vol.108 , pp. 1-11
    • Quadros, P.A.1    Oliveira, N.M.C.2    Baptista, C.M.S.G.3
  • 3
    • 0015475738 scopus 로고
    • Two-phase nitration of toluene. Part II
    • Cox PR, Strachan AN. Two-phase nitration of toluene. Part II. Chem Eng J. 1972;4:253-261.
    • (1972) Chem Eng J , vol.4 , pp. 253-261
    • Cox, P.R.1    Strachan, A.N.2
  • 4
    • 0015083486 scopus 로고
    • Two phase nitration of chlorobenzene
    • Cox PR, Strachan AN. Two phase nitration of chlorobenzene. Chem Eng Sci. 1971;26:1013-1018.
    • (1971) Chem Eng Sci , vol.26 , pp. 1013-1018
    • Cox, P.R.1    Strachan, A.N.2
  • 5
    • 0029108111 scopus 로고
    • Role of interfacial reaction in heterogeneous aromatic nitration
    • Modak SY, Juvekar VA. Role of interfacial reaction in heterogeneous aromatic nitration. Ind Eng Chem Res. 1995;34:4297-4309.
    • (1995) Ind Eng Chem Res , vol.34 , pp. 4297-4309
    • Modak, S.Y.1    Juvekar, V.A.2
  • 6
    • 37049095372 scopus 로고
    • A simple linear description of rate profiles for the nitration of aromatic compounds in the critical range 80-98 wt% sulphuric acid
    • Marziano NC, Sampoli M. A simple linear description of rate profiles for the nitration of aromatic compounds in the critical range 80-98 wt% sulphuric acid. J Chem Soc Chem Commun. 1983;9: 523-524.
    • (1983) J Chem Soc Chem Commun , vol.9 , pp. 523-524
    • Marziano, N.C.1    Sampoli, M.2
  • 7
    • 3543070847 scopus 로고
    • The kinetics of nitration of aromatic nitro compounds in sulfuric acid
    • Westheimer FH, Kharasch MS. The kinetics of nitration of aromatic nitro compounds in sulfuric acid. J Am Chem Soc. 1946;68:1871-1876
    • (1946) J Am Chem Soc , vol.68 , pp. 1871-1876
    • Westheimer, F.H.1    Kharasch, M.S.2
  • 8
    • 0010119552 scopus 로고
    • High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of dinitrobenzene isomers
    • Raverkar SR, Rao NVR. High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of dinitrobenzene isomers. Chromatographia. 1989;28:412-414.
    • (1989) Chromatographia , vol.28 , pp. 412-414
    • Raverkar, S.R.1    Rao, N.V.R.2
  • 9
    • 0000990466 scopus 로고
    • The origin of thermodynamic stability of microemulsions
    • Ruckenstein E. The origin of thermodynamic stability of microemulsions. Chem Phys Lett. 1978;57:517-521.
    • (1978) Chem Phys Lett , vol.57 , pp. 517-521
    • Ruckenstein, E.1
  • 12
    • 37049118316 scopus 로고
    • The Mc activity coefficient function for acid-base equilibria. Part 1. New methods for estimating pKa values for weak bases
    • Marziano NC, Cimino GM, Passerini RC. The Mc activity coefficient function for acid-base equilibria. Part 1. New methods for estimating pKa values for weak bases. J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 2. 1973;1915-1922.
    • (1973) J Chem Soc Perkin Trans , vol.2 , pp. 1915-1922
    • Marziano, N.C.1    Cimino, G.M.2    Passerini, R.C.3
  • 13
    • 37049092992 scopus 로고
    • The Mc activity coefficient function for acid-base equilibria. Part 5. The Mc activity coefficient for a reliable estimate of thermodynamic values
    • Marziano NC, Tomasin A, Traverso PG. The Mc activity coefficient function for acid-base equilibria. Part 5. The Mc activity coefficient for a reliable estimate of thermodynamic values. J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 2. 1981;1070-1075.
    • (1981) J Chem Soc Perkin Trans , vol.2 , pp. 1070-1075
    • Marziano, N.C.1    Tomasin, A.2    Traverso, P.G.3
  • 14
    • 0000118833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamic nitration rates of aromatic compounds. Part 4. Temperature dependence in sulfuric acid of HNO3! NO {thorn} 2 equilibrium, nitration rates and acidic properties of the solvent
    • Marziano NC, Tomasin A, Tortato C, Zaldivar JM. Thermodynamic nitration rates of aromatic compounds. Part 4. Temperature dependence in sulfuric acid of HNO3! NO {thorn} 2 equilibrium, nitration rates and acidic properties of the solvent. J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 2. 1998;1973-1982.
    • (1998) J Chem Soc Perkin Trans , vol.2 , pp. 1973-1982
    • Marziano, N.C.1    Tomasin, A.2    Tortato, C.3    Zaldivar, J.M.4
  • 15
    • 0346379774 scopus 로고
    • Nitric acid equilibria in water-sulphuric acid
    • Deno NC, Peterson HJ, Sacher E. Nitric acid equilibria in water-sulphuric acid. J Phys Chem. 1961;65:199-201.
    • (1961) J Phys Chem , vol.65 , pp. 199-201
    • Deno, N.C.1    Peterson, H.J.2    Sacher, E.3
  • 16
    • 37049093857 scopus 로고
    • Determination of the basicity of nitric acid in concentrated sulphuric acid by Raman and ultraviolet spectroscopy
    • Marziano NC, Traverso PG, De Santis A, Sampoli M. Determination of the basicity of nitric acid in concentrated sulphuric acid by Raman and ultraviolet spectroscopy. J Chem Soc Chem Commun. 1978;20:873-874.
    • (1978) J Chem Soc Chem Commun , vol.20 , pp. 873-874
    • Marziano, N.C.1    Traverso, P.G.2    de Santis, A.3    Sampoli, M.4
  • 17
    • 0042076785 scopus 로고
    • Equilibria of nitric acid in sulfuric and perchloric acid at 25_C by Raman and UV spectroscopy
    • Sampoli M, De Santis A, Marziano NC, Pinna F, Zingales A. Equilibria of nitric acid in sulfuric and perchloric acid at 25_C by Raman and UV spectroscopy. J Phys Chem. 1985;89:2864-2869.
    • (1985) J Phys Chem , vol.89 , pp. 2864-2869
    • Sampoli, M.1    de Santis, A.2    Marziano, N.C.3    Pinna, F.4    Zingales, A.5
  • 18
    • 0020763751 scopus 로고
    • Studies in aromatic nitration 2. 14 N NMR study of the nitric acid/nitronium ion equilibrium in aqueous sulfuric acid
    • Ross DS, Kuhlmann KF, Malhotra R. Studies in aromatic nitration 2. 14 N NMR study of the nitric acid/nitronium ion equilibrium in aqueous sulfuric acid. J Am Chem Soc. 1983;105:4299-4302.
    • (1983) J Am Chem Soc , vol.105 , pp. 4299-4302
    • Ross, D.S.1    Kuhlmann, K.F.2    Malhotra, R.3
  • 19
    • 0038109616 scopus 로고
    • Raman spectroscopic study of nitronium ion formation in mixtures of nitric acid, sulfuric acid and water
    • Edwards HGM, Turner JMC, Fawcett V. Raman spectroscopic study of nitronium ion formation in mixtures of nitric acid, sulfuric acid and water. J Chem Soc Faraday Trans. 1995;91:1439-1443.
    • (1995) J Chem Soc Faraday Trans , vol.91 , pp. 1439-1443
    • Edwards, H.G.M.1    Turner, J.M.C.2    Fawcett, V.3
  • 20
    • 0014538110 scopus 로고
    • Molecular diffusion in a ternary liquid system with the diffusing component dilute
    • Perkins LR, Geankoplis CJ. Molecular diffusion in a ternary liquid system with the diffusing component dilute. Chem Eng Sci. 1969; 24:1035-1042.
    • (1969) Chem Eng Sci , vol.24 , pp. 1035-1042
    • Perkins, L.R.1    Geankoplis, C.J.2
  • 22
    • 37049046489 scopus 로고
    • The ortho:Para-ratio in aromatic substitution. Part III. A general discussion
    • Norman ROC, Radda GK. The ortho:para-ratio in aromatic substitution. Part III. A general discussion. J Chem Soc. 1961;3610-3616.
    • (1961) J Chem Soc , pp. 3610-3616
    • Norman, R.O.C.1    Radda, G.K.2
  • 23
    • 0040305667 scopus 로고
    • Ortho-para directive effects for aromatic nitration in acetic anhydride
    • Paul MA. Ortho-para directive effects for aromatic nitration in acetic anhydride. J Am Chem Soc. 1958;80:5332-5333.
    • (1958) J Am Chem Soc , vol.80 , pp. 5332-5333
    • Paul, M.A.1
  • 24
    • 10644223345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A theoretical study on nitration mechanism of benzene and solvent effects
    • Xiao H, Chen L, Ju X, Ji G. A theoretical study on nitration mechanism of benzene and solvent effects. Sci China B. 2003;46:453-464.
    • (2003) Sci China B , vol.46 , pp. 453-464
    • Xiao, H.1    Chen, L.2    Ju, X.3    Ji, G.4
  • 25
    • 37049044080 scopus 로고
    • Dielectric constant of sulfuric acid
    • Gillespie RJ, Cole RH. Dielectric constant of sulfuric acid. Trans Faraday Soc. 1956;52:1325-1331.
    • (1956) Trans Faraday Soc , vol.52 , pp. 1325-1331
    • Gillespie, R.J.1    Cole, R.H.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.