Benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly ER-negative breast cancer patients: Benefits and pitfalls

Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy

Volumn 10, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 185-198

  Barni, Sandro ^a   Cabiddu, Mary ^a   Petrelli, Fausto ^a  

^a TREVIGLIO HOSPITAL   (Italy)

Author keywords

Adjuvant chemotherapy; Anthracycline; Breast cancer; Elderly patient; Toxicity

Indexed keywords

ANTHRACYCLINE; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; CAPECITABINE; CISPLATIN; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; DOCETAXEL; DOXORUBICIN; EPIRUBICIN; ESTROGEN RECEPTOR; FLUOROURACIL; GRANULOCYTE COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR; HEMOPOIETIC GROWTH FACTOR; IBANDRONIC ACID; METHOTREXATE; PACLITAXEL; PREDNISONE; PROGESTERONE RECEPTOR; RECOMBINANT GRANULOCYTE COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR; TAMOXIFEN; TAXANE DERIVATIVE; TRASTUZUMAB;

ACUTE GRANULOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; ALOPECIA; ANEMIA; ANOREXIA; BLOOD TOXICITY; BONE MARROW TOXICITY; BREAST CANCER; CANCER ADJUVANT THERAPY; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER DIAGNOSIS; CANCER PATIENT; CANCER RECURRENCE; CARDIOTOXICITY; CELL PROLIFERATION; CHRONOLOGY; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMORBIDITY; DRUG FATALITY; FATIGUE; FEASIBILITY STUDY; FEBRILE NEUTROPENIA; GASTROINTESTINAL TOXICITY; HAND FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE; HEART DISEASE; HEART FAILURE; HUMAN; INFECTION; LEUKEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; MEDICAL RECORD REVIEW; MUCOSA INFLAMMATION; MULTIPLE CYCLE TREATMENT; MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME; MYELOFIBROSIS; NAUSEA; NEUTROPENIA; PHLEBITIS; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; REVIEW; SKIN TOXICITY; THROMBOEMBOLISM; VOMITING;

AGED; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; BREAST NEOPLASMS; CHEMOTHERAPY, ADJUVANT; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; FEMALE; HUMANS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RECEPTORS, ESTROGEN; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES;

EID: 76749096403     PISSN: 14737140     EISSN: 17448328     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1586/ERA.09.188     Document Type: Review

References (60)

1. Kimmick GG, Balducci L. Breast cancer and aging: clinical interactions. Hematol. Oncol. Clin. North Am. 14, 213-234 (2000).
2. Yancik R, Ries LA. Aging and cancer in America: demographic and epidemiologic perspectives. Hematol. Oncol. Clin. North Am. 14, 17-23 (2000).
3. Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group (EBCTCG). Effects of chemotherapy and hormonal therapy for early breast cancer on recurrence and 15-year survival: an overview of the randomised trials. Lancet 365(9472), 1687-1717 (2005).
4. Ferlay J, Bray F, Pisani P, Parkin DM. Cancer incidence, mortality and prevalence worldwide. IARC CancerBase No. 5, version 2.0. Lyon: IARC Press GLOBOCAN 2004.
5. Althuis MD, Dozier JM, Anderson WF, Devesa SS, Brinton LA. Global trends in breast cancer incidence and mortality 1973-1997. Int. J. Epidemiol. 34, 405-412 (2005).
6. Mustacchi G, Cazzaniga ME, Pronzato P et al. Breast cancer in elderly women: a different reality? Results from the NORA study. Ann. Oncol. 18(6), 991-996 (2007).
7. Giordano SH, Duan Z, Kuo YF et al. Use and outcomes of adjuvant chemotherapy in older women with breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 24(18), 2750-2756 (2006).
8. Elkin EB, Hurria A, Mitra N et al. Adjuvant chemotherapy and survival in older women with hormone receptor-negative breast cancer: assessing outcome in a population-based, observational cohort. J. Clin. Oncol. 24(18), 2757-2764 (2006).
9. Muss HB, Woolf S, Berry D et al. Adjuvant chemotherapy in older and younger women with lymph node-positive breast cancer. JAMA 293(9), 1073-1081 (2005).
10. Singh R, Hellman S, Heimann R. The natural history of breast carcinoma in the elderly: implications for screening and treatment. Cancer 100(9), 1807-1813 (2004).
11. Durbecq V, Ameye L, Veys I et al. significant proportion of elderly patients develop hormone-dependant "luminal B" tumours associated with aggressive characteristics. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 67(1), 80-92 (2008).
12. Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group (EBCTCG). Adjuvant chemotherapy in oestrogen-receptor-poor breast cancer: patient-level meta-analysis of randomised trials. Lancet 371(9606), 29-40 (2008).
13. Fargeot P, Bonneterre J, Roché H et al. Disease-free survival advantage of weekly epirubicin plus tamoxifen versus tamoxifen alone as adjuvant treatment of operable, node-positive, elderly breast cancer patients: 6-year follow-up results of the French adjuvant study group 08 trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 22(23), 4622-4630 (2004).
14. Wils JA, Bliss JM, Coombes G et al. Epirubicin plus tamoxifen versus tamoxifen alone in node-positive postmenopausal patients with breast cancer: a randomized trial of the international collaborative cancer group. J. Clin. Oncol. 7, 1988-1998 (1999).
15. Crivellari D, Bonetti M, Castiglione-Gertsch M et al. Burdens and benefits of adjuvant cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and fluorouracil and tamoxifen for elderly patients with breast cancer: the International Breast Cancer Study Group Trial VII. J. Clin. Oncol. 18(7), 1412-1422 (2000).
16. Ingle JN, Everson LK, Wieand HS et al. Randomized trial of observation versus adjuvant therapy with cyclophosphamide, fluorouracil, prednisone with or without tamoxifen following mastectomy in postmenopausal women with node-positive breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 6(9), 1388-1396 (1988).
17. Arriagada R, Spielmann M, Koscielny S et al. Results of two randomized trials evaluating adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy in 1,146 patients with early breast cancer. Acta Oncol. 44(5), 458-466 (2005).
18. Nuzzo F, Morabito A, De Maio E et al. Weekly docetaxel versus CMF as adjuvant chemotherapy for elderly breast cancer patients: safety data from the multicentre Phase 3 randomised ELDA trial. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 66(2), 171-180 (2008).
19. International Breast Cancer study group. Endocrine responsiveness and tailoring adjuvant therapy for postmenopausal lymph node-negative breast cancer: a randomized trial. International Breast Cancer Study Group (IBCSG). J. Natl Cancer Inst. 94(14), 1054-1065 (2002).
20. The Adjuvant Breast Cancer Trials Collaborative Group. Polychemotherapy for early breast cancer: results from the international adjuvant breast cancer chemotherapy randomized trial. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 99, 506-515 (2007).
21. De Laurentiis M, Cancello G, D'Agostino D et al. Taxane-based combinations as adjuvant chemotherapy of early breast cancer: a meta analysis of randomized trials. J. Clin. Oncol. 26(1), 44-53 (2008).
22. Loibl S, von Minckwitz G, Harbeck N et al. Clinical feasibility of (neo)adjuvant taxane-based chemotherapy in older patients: analysis of >4,500 patients from four German randomized breast cancer trials. Breast Cancer Res. 10(5), R77 (2008).
23. Sparano JA, Wang M, Martino S et al. Weekly paclitaxel in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 358(16), 1663-1671 (2008).
24. Jones S, Holmes FA, O'Shaughnessy J et al. Docetaxel with cyclophosphamide is associated with an overall survivial benefit compared with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide: 7-year follow-up of US Oncology Research trial 9735. J. Clin. Oncol. 27(8), 1177-1183 (2009).
25. Kümmel S, Krocker J, Kohls A et al. Dose-dense adjuvant chemotherapy for node-positive breast cancer in women 60years and older: feasibility and tolerability in a subset of patients in a randomized trial. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 58(2), 166-175 (2006).
26. Zauderer M, Patil S, Hurria A et al. Feasibility and toxicity of dose-dense adjuvant chemotherapy in older women with breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 117(1), 205-210 (2009).
27. Muss HB, Berry DL, Cirrincione C et al. Adjuvant chemotherapy in older women with early-stage breast cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 360(20), 2055-2065 (2009).
28. Wildiers H, Jurcut R, Ganame J et al. A pilot study to investigate the feasibility and cardiac effects of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PL-DOX) as adjuvant therapy in medically fit elderly breast cancer patients. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 67(2), 133-138 (2008).
29. Reimer T, Nitz U, Potenberg J et al. ICE study: a prospective, multi-centre, controlled, open-label, randomized PhaseIII trial of ibandronate (I) with or without capecitabine (X) in elderly patients (pts) with early breast cancer (GBG 32). Eur. J. Cancer Suppl. 7(2) 4003 (2009).
30. Muss H, Berry DA, Cirrincione C et al. Toxicity of older and younger patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy for node-positive breast cancer: the Cancer and Leukemia Group B experience. J. Clin. Oncol. 25(24), 3699-3704 (2007).
31. Dawood S, Broglio K, Buzdar AU, Hortobagyi GN, Giordano SH. Prognosisof women with metastatic breast cancer by HER2 status and trastuzumab treatment: an institutional-based review. J. Clin. Oncol. 28(1), 92-98 (2009).
32. Banerjee S, Reis-Filho JS, Ashley S et al. Basal-like breast carcinomas: clinical outcome and response to chemotherapy. J. Clin. Pathol. 59, 729-735 (2006).
33. Bauer KR, Brown M, Cress RD et al. Descriptive analysis of estrogen receptor (ER)-negative, progesterone receptor (PR)-negative, and HER2-negative invasive breast cancer, the so-called triple negative phenotype. Cancer 109, 1721-1728 (2007).
34. Haffty BG, Yang Q, Reiss M et al. Locoregional relapse and distant metastasis in conservatively managed triple negative early-stage breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 24, 5652-5657(2007).
35. Dent R, Trudeau M, Pritchard KI et al. Triple negative breast cancer: clinical features and patterns of recurrence. Clin. Cancer Res. 13, 4429-4434 (2007).
36. Carey LA, Perou CM, Livasy CA et al. Race, breast cancer subtypes, and survival in the Carolina Breast Cancer study. JAMA 295, 2492-2502 (2006).
37. Rodriguez-Pinilla SM, Sarrio D, Honrado E et al. Prognostic significance of basal-like phenotype and fascin expression in node-negative invasive breast carcinomas. Clin. Cancer Res. 12, 1533-1539 (2006).
38. Therasse P, Arbuck S, Eisenhauer E et al. New guidelines to evaluate the response to treatment in solid tumours. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 92, 205-216 (2000).
39. Dent R, Hanna WM, Trudeau M et al. Patterns of metastatic spread in triple negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 115(2), 423-428 (2008).
40. Liedtke C, Mazouni C, Hess KR et al. Response to neoadjuvant therapy and long-term survival in patients with triple negative breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 26(8), 1275-1281 (2008).
41. Aapro M, Monfardini S, Jirillo A, Basso U. Management of primary and advanced breast cancer in older unfit patients (medical treatment). Cancer Treat. Rev. 35(6), 503-508 (2009).
42. Patt DA, Duan Z, Fang S et al. Acute myeloid leukemia after adjuvant breast cancer therapy in older women: understanding risk. J. Clin. Oncol. 25(25), 3871-3876 (2007).
43. Lyman G, Kuderer N, Agboola O et al. Evidence-based use of colony-stimulating factors in elderly cancer patients. Cancer Control 10(6), 487-499 (2003).
44. Aapro M, Schwenkglenks M, Lyman GH et al. Pegfilgrastim primary prophylaxis vs. current practice neutropenia management in elderly breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. (2009) (Epub ahead of print).
45. Jones LW, Haykowsky MJ, Swartz JJ et al. Early breast cancer therapy, cardiovascular injury, and the 'multiple-hit' hypothesis. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 50(15), 1435-1441 (2007).
46. Pinder MC, Duan Z, Goodwin JS, Hortobagyi GN, Giordano SH. Congestive heart failure in older women treated with adjuvant anthracycline chemotherapy for breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 25(25), 3808-3815 (2007).
47. Goldhirsch A, Wood WC, Gelber RD et al. Progress and promise: highlights of the international expert consensus on the primary therapy of early breast cancer 2007. Ann. Oncol. 18, 1133-1144 (2007).
48. Wildiers H, Kunkler I, Biganzioli L et al. Management of breast cancer in elderly individuals: recommendations of the International Society of Geriatric Oncology Lancet Oncol. 8, 1101-1115 (2007).
49. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN Task Force Report: breast cancer in the older woman. J. Natl Compr. Canc. Netw. 6(S4), S1-S25 (2008)
50. ESMO clinical recommendations. Breast cancer. Ann. Oncol. 20(S4), IV10-IV14 (2009).
51. Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL et al. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J. Chronic Dis. 40, 373-383 (1987).
52. Satariano WA, Ragland DR. The effect of comorbidity on 3 year survival of women with primary breast cancer. Ann. Intern. Med. 120, 104-110 (1994).
53. Yancik R, Wesley MN, Ries LA et al. Comorbidity and age as predictors of risk for early mortality of male and female colon carcinoma patients: a population-based study. Cancer 82, 2123-2134 (1998).
54. Extermann M, Overcash J, Lyman GH et al. Comorbidity and functional status are independent in older cancer patients. J. Clin. Oncol. 16, 1582-1587 (1998).
55. Repetto L, Granetto C, Venturino A et al. Prognostic evaluation of the older cancer patient. In: Comprehensive Geriatric Oncology. Balducci L, Lyman GH, Ershler WB (Eds). Harwood Academic Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (1998).
56. Balducci L, Yates J. General guidelines for the management of older patients with cancer. Oncol. (Huntingt.) 14, 221-227 (2000).
57. National Cancer Institute www.cancer.gov/clinicaltrials
58. Associazione Italiana di Oncologia Medica www.aiom.it
59. Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynäkologische Onkologie. Breast cancer: specific situations. Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Primary and Metastatic Breast Cancer www.ago-online.de/-download/unprotected/g-mamma-09-1-0- 12-breast-cancer-specific-situtions.pdf
60. Clinicaltrials.gov http://clinicaltrials.gov