Epidemiology of hypertension in the elderly

Health Science Journal

Volumn 4, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 24-30

  Babatsikou, Fotoula ^a   Zavitsanou, Assimina ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WEST ATTICA   (Greece)

Author keywords

Elderly; Epidemiology; Hypertension; Morbidity; Mortality; Prevalence; Prevention

Indexed keywords

EID: 76549134475     PISSN: 11087366     EISSN: 1791809X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (40)

1. Ellekjaer H, Holmen J, Vatten L. Blood pressure, smoking and body mass in relation to mortality from stroke and coronary heart disease in the elderly. A 10-year follow-up in Norway. Blood Press 2001;10(3): 156-163.
2. Menotti A, Lanti M, Kafatos A, Nissinen A, Dontas A, Nedeljkovic S, et al. The role of a baseline casual blood pressure measurement and of blood pressure changes in middle age in prediction of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality occurring late in life: a cross-cultural comparison among the European cohorts of Seven Countries Study. J Hypertens 2004;22(9): 1683-1690.
3. Mason PJ, Manson JE, Sesso HD, Albert CM, Chown MJ, Cook NR., et al. Blood pressure and risk of secondary cardiovascular events in women: the Women's Antioxidant Cardiovascular Study (WACS). Circulation 2004; 109(13):1623-1629.
4. Thomas GN, Chan P, Tomlinson B. The role of angiotensin II type 1-receptor antagonists in elderly patients with hypertension. Drugs Aging 2006;23(2): 131-155.
5. Greek Source.
6. WHO-International Society of Hypertension (ISH). Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension. Guidelines Subcommittee. J Hypertens 1999; 17(2): 151-183.
7. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JLJ, Jones DW, et al. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA 2003; 289(19): 2560-2572.
8. Yarn D, Hawkes C, Gould CL, Hofman KJ. The global burden of chronic diseases: overcoming impediments to prevention and control. JAMA 2004; 291(21): 2616-2622.
9. Ong KL, Cheung BM, Man YB, Lau CP, Lam KS. Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among United States Adults 1999-2004. Hypertension 2007;49(1): 69-75.
10. Wolf-Maier K, Cooper RS, Banegas JR, Giampaoli S, Hense HW, Joffres M, et al. Hypertension prevalence and blood pressure levels in 6 European countries, Canada, and the United States. JAMA 2003;289(18): 2363-2369.
11. Sundquist J, Winkleby MA, Pudaric S. Cardiovascular disease risk factors among older black, Mexican-American and white women and men: an analysis of NHANES III, 1988-1994. Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Am Geriatr Soc 2001; 49(2):109-116.
12. Skliros EA, Papaioannou I, Sotiropoulos A. A high level of awareness but a poor control of hypertension among elderly Greeks. The Nemea primary care study. J Human Hypertens 2002; 16:285-287.
13. Stergiou GS, Thomopoulou GC, Skeva II, Mountokalakis TD. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Greece: the Didima study. Am J Hypertens. 1999;12:959-965.
14. Pitsavos CH, Milias G, Panagiotakos DB, Xenaki D, Panagopoulos G, Stefanadis C. Prevalence of self-reported hypertension and its relation to dietary habits, in adults: a nutrition and health survey in Greece. BMC Public Health 2006; 6:206.
15. Greek Source.
16. Greek Source.
17. Kannel WB. Prevalence and implications of uncontrolled systolic hypertension. Drugs Aging 2003; 20(4): 277-286.
18. Nash DT. Systolic Hypertension. Geriatrics 2006; 61(12): 22-28.
19. Vasan RS, Larson MG, Leip EP, Evans JC, O'Donnell CJ, Kannel WB, et al. Impact of high-normal blood pressure on the risk of cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med 2001;345(18):1291-7.
20. Kiritsi F, Tsiou C, Gouvellou-Deligianni G, Stamou A. An investigation of risk factors for coronary heart disease in a Greek population. HSJ 2008; 2(1):41-50.
21. Greek Source.
22. Kalandidi A, Tzonou A, Toupadaki N, Lan SJ, koutis C, Drogari P, Notara V, Hsieh CC, Toutouzas P, Trichopoulos D. A case- control study of coronary heart disease in Athens, Greece. Int J Epidemiol 1992; 21(6):1074-1080.
23. Greek Source.
24. Turnbull F, Neal B, Algert C, Chalmers J, Chapman N, Cutler J, et al. Effects of different blood pressure-lowering regimens on major cardiovascular events in individuals with and without diabetes mellitus: results of prospectively designed overviews of randomized trials. Arch Intern Med 2005;165(12):1410-1419.
25. Greek Source.
26. Zamboni M, Mazzali G, Zoico E, Harris TB, Meigs JB, Di Francesco V, et al. Health consequences of obesity in the elderly: a review of four unresolved questions. Int J Obes(Lond) 2005;29(9):1011-1029.
27. Ogihara T, Rakugi H. Hypertension in the elderly: a Japanese perspective. Drugs Aging 2005; 22(4): 297-314.
28. Bray GA, Vollmer WM, Sacks FM, Obarzanek E, Svetkey LP, Appel LJ, et al. A further subgroup analysis of the effects of the DASH diet and three dietary sodium levels on blood pressure: results of the DASH-Sodium Trial. Am J Cardiol 2004; 94(2): 222-227.
29. Espeland MA, Whelton PK, Kostis JB, Bahnson JL, Ettinger WH, Cutler JA, et al. Predictors and mediators of successful long-term withdrawal from antihypertensive medications. Trial of Nonpharmacologic Interventions in the Elderly (TONE) Cooperative Research Group. Arch Fam Med 1999;8(3):228-236.
30. Whelton PK, Appel LJ, Espeland MA, Applegate WB, Ettinger WH Jr, Kostis JB, et al. Sodium reduction and weight loss in the treatment of hypertension in olders personw. A randomised controlled trial on Nonpharmacologic Intervention in the Elderly (TONE). JAMA 1998;279(11): 839-846.
31. Pitsavos CH, Panagiotakos DB, Chrysohoou C, Kokkinos PF, Skoumas J, Stefanadis C, Toutouzas P. The effect of the combination of Mediterranean diet and leisure time physical activity on the risk of developing acute coronary syndromes, in hypertensive subjects. J Hum Hypertens 2002;16(7):517-524.
32. Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos CH, Chrysohoou C, Skoumas J, Papadimitriou L, Stefanadis C, Toutouzas PK. Status and management of hypertension in Greece: role of the adoption of a Mediterranean diet: the Attica study. J Hypertens. 2003;21(8):1483-1489.
33. John U, Meyer C, Hanke M, Volzke H, Schumann A. Smoking status, obesity and hypertension in a general population sample: a cross-sectional study. QJM 2006; 99(6): 407-415.
34. Greek Source.
35. Ezzati M, Lopez AD, Rodgers A, Vander Hoorn S, Murray CJ. Selected major risk factors and global and regional burden of disease. Lancet. 2002;360 (9343):1347-1360.
36. Mackay J, Mensah G. The Atlas of heart disease and Stroke. WHO, CDC, 2006.
37. Greek Source.
38. Voukiklaris GE, Kafatos A, Dontas AS. Changing prevalence of coronary heart disease risk factors and cardiovascular diseases in men of rural area of Crete from 1960 to 1991. Angiology 1996;47(1):43-49.
39. SHEP. Prevention of stroke by antihypertesive drug treatment in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension. Final results of the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP). SHEP Cooperative Research Group. JAMA 1991; 265(24):3255-3264.
40. Primatesta P, Poulter NR. Hypertension management and control among English adults aged 65 years and older in 2000 and 2001. J Hypertens 2004; 22(6):1093-1098.