Entrepreneurial intent: A twelve-country evaluation of Ajzen's model of planned behavior

International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research

Volumn 16, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 36-58

  Engle, Robert L ^a   Dimitriadi, Nikolay ^b   Gavidia, Jose V ^c   Schlaegel, Christopher ^d   Delanoe, Servane ^e   Alvarado, Irene ^f   He, Xiaohong ^a   Buame, Samuel ^g   Wolff, Birgitta ^d  

^a QUINNIPIAC UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b ROSTOV STATE UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS   (Russian Federation)

^c Department of Teacher Education and Department of Sociology and Anthropology   (United States)

^d OTTO VON GUERICKE UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^e RENNES SCHOOL OF BUSINESS   (France)

^f EARTH University   (Costa Rica)

^g UNIVERSITY OF GHANA   (Ghana)

Author keywords

Behaviour; Cognition; Entrepreneurialism; Modelling; Social norms

Indexed keywords

EID: 76449115442     PISSN: 13552554     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1108/13552551011020063     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Ajzen, I. (1985), "From intentions to actions: a theory of planned behavior" in Kuhl, J. and Beckman, E. (Eds.), ActionControl: From Cognition to Behavior, Springer, Heidelberg, pp. 11-39.
2. Ajzen, I. (1987), "Attitudes, traits and actions: dispositional prediction of behavior in personality and social psychology" in Berkowitz, L. (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Vol. 20, Academic Press, New York, NY, pp. 1-63.
3. Ajzen, I. (1988), Attitudes, Personality, and Behavior, Dorsey Press, Chicago, IL.
4. Ajzen, I. (1991), "Theory of planned behavior" in Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Vol. 50, No. 1, pp. 179-211.
5. Ajzen, I. and Fishbein, M. (1980), Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
6. Alstete, J. (2002), "On becoming an entrepreneur: an evolving typology" in International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, Vol. 8, No. 4, pp. 222-34.
7. Autio, E., Keeley, R., Klofsten, M. and Ulfstedt, T. (1997), "Entrepreneurial intent among students: testing an intent model in Asia, Scandinavia, and USA" in Sexton, D.L. and Kasarda, J.D. (Eds.), Frontiers of Entrepreneurial Research, Babson College Publications, Wellesley, MA, pp. 133-47.
8. Autio, E., Keeley, R.H., Klofsten, M., Parker, G. and Hay, M. (2001), "Entrepreneurial intent among students in Scandinavia and in the USA" in Enterprise and Innovation Management Studies, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 145-60.
9. Babrow, A.S., Black, D.R. and Tiffany, S.T. (1990), "Beliefs, attitudes, intentions, and a smoking-cessation program: a planned behavior analysis of communication campaign development" in Health Communication, Vol. 2, pp. 145-63.
10. Bandura, A. (1977a), "Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change" in Psychological Review, Vol. 84, pp. 191-215.
11. Bandura, A. (1977b), Social Learning Theory, Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
12. Bandura, A., Adams, N., Hardy, A. and Howells, G. (1980), "Test of the generality of self-efficacy theory" in Cognitive Therapy and Research, Vol. 4, pp. 39-66.
13. Bandura, A. (1982), "Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change" in Psychological Review, Vol. 84, pp. 191-215.
14. Bandura, A. (1986), Social Foundations of Thought and Action, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
15. Baron, R. (2008), "The role of affect in the entrepreneurial process" in Academy of Management Review, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 328-40.
16. Bird, B. (1988), "Implementing entrepreneurial ideas: the case for intentions" in Academy of Management Review, Vol. 13, pp. 442-54.
17. Cialdini, R. and Trost, M. (1998), "Social influence: social norms, conformity, and compliance" in Gilbert, D.T., Fiske, S. and Lindzey, G. (Eds.), The Handbook of Social Psychology, McGraw-Hill, Boston, MA, pp. 151-92.
18. Dana, L. (2004), Handbook of Research on International Entrepreneurship, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham.
19. DeNoble, A., Jung, D. and Ehrlich, S. (1999), "Entrepreneurial self-efficacy: the development of a measure and its relationship to entrepreneurial action" Reynolds, R., Bygrave, W., Manigart, S., Mason, C., Meyer, G., Sapienza, H. and Shaver, K. (Eds.), Frontiers of Entrepreneurial Research, P&R Publications, Waltham, MA.
20. Depillis, E. and Reardon, K. (2007), "The influence of personality traits and persuasive messages on entrepreneurial intention: a cross-cultural comparison" in Career Development International, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 382-96.
21. Engle, R. (2007), "Entrepreneurial intent: a model and pilot study", Proceedings of the University of San Francisco-Silicon Valley Global Entrepreneur Research Conference, San Francisco CA, March 28-31.
22. Fayolle, A. (2004), "French perspectives of international entrepreneurship" in Dana, L. (Ed.), Handbook of Research on International Entrepreneurship, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, pp. 431-54.
23. Fayolle, A., Gailly, B. and Lassas-Clerc, N. (2005), "Capturing variations in attitudes and intentions: a longitudinal study to assess pedagogical effectiveness of entrepreneurship teaching programmes", working paper presented at the International Council for Small Business World Conference, Washington, DC, June 15-18, available at: www.em-lyon.com (accessed January 2007).
24. Flannery, B.L. and May, D.R. (2000), "Environmental ethical decision making in the US metal-finishing industry" in Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 43, pp. 642-62.
25. Frese, M. and Zapf, D. (1994), "Action as the core of work psychology" in Trandis, H.C., Dunnette, M.D. and Hough, L. (Eds.), Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 4, Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, CA, pp. 271-340.
26. Gartner, W. and Carter, N. (2005), "Entrepreneurial behavior and firm organizing processes" in Acs, Z. and Audretsch, D. (Eds.), Handbook of Entrepreneurial Research, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Oxford, pp. 195-221.
27. GEM (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor) (2005), 2005 Report on High Expectation Entrepreneurship, available at: www.gemconsortium.org (accessed June 1, 2007).
28. Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., Anderson, R. and Tatham, R. (2006), Multivariate Data Analysis, 6th ed., Pearson Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
29. Hansemark, O. (2003), "Need for achievement, locus of control, and the prediction of business start-ups: a longitudinal study" in Journal of Economic Psychology, Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 301-19.
30. Hirsch, R., Langan-Fox, J. and Grant, S. (2007), "Entrepreneurship research and practice: a call to action for psychology" in American Psychologist, Vol. 62, No. 6, pp. 575-89.
31. Hmieleski, K. and Corbett, A. (2006), "Proclivity for improvisation as a predictor of entrepreneurial intentions" in Journal of Small Business Management, Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 45-63.
32. House, R., Hanges, P., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. and Gupta, V. (2004), Culture, Leadership, and Organizations: The GLOBE Study of 62 Societies, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA.
33. Hsu, M.H. and Chiu, C.M. (2004), "Internet self-efficacy and electronic service acceptance" in Decision Support Systems, Vol. 38, pp. 369-81.
34. Januszewska, R. and Viaene, J. (2001), "Application of the theory of planned behavior to consumption of chocolate: cultural differences across Belgium and Poland" in Journal of Euro-Marketing, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 1-14.
35. Jung, D., Erlich, S., De Noble, A. and Biak, A. (2001), "Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and its relationship to entrepreneurial action: a comparative study between the US and Korea" in Management International, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 41-53.
36. Kim, Y. and Baylor, A. (2006), "A social-cognitive framework for pedagogical agents as learning companions" in Educational Technology, Research and Development, Vol. 54, No. 6, pp. 569-97.
37. Kolvereid, L. (1996), "Prediction of employment status choice intentions" in Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Fall, pp. 47-57.
38. Krueger, N. (1993), "The impact of prior entrepreneurial exposure on perceptions of new venture feasibility and desirability" in Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Fall, pp. 5-21.
39. Krueger, N. (2003), "The cognitive psychology of entrepreneurship" in Acs, Z. and Audretsch, D. (Eds.), Handbook of Entrepreneurial Research, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Oxford, pp. 105-40.
40. Krueger, N., Reilly, M. and Carsrud, A. (2000), "Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions" in Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 411-32.
41. Lord, R. and Maher, K. (1991), "Cognitive theory in industrial and organizational psychology" in Dunnette, M.D. and Hough, L. (Eds.), Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 2, Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, CA, pp. 2-62.
42. McClelland, D. (1987), Human Motivation, Cambridge University Press, New York, NY.
43. MacMillian, I. and Katz, J. (1992), "Idiosyncratic milieus of entrepreneurial research: the need for comprehensive theories" in Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 7, pp. 1-8.
44. Pruett, M., Shinnar, R., Toney, B., Llopis, F. and Fox, J. (2009), "Explaining entrepreneurial intentions of university students: a cross-cultural study" in International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, Vol. 15, No. 6, pp. 571-94.
45. Quinlan, S., Jaccard, J. and Blanton, H. (2006), "A decision theoretic and prototype conceptualisation of possible selves: implications for the prediction of risk behaviour" in Journal of Personality, Vol. 74, pp. 599-630.
46. Romer, P. (1994), "The origins of endogenous growth" in Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 3-22.
47. Ronen, S. and Shenkar, O. (1985), "Clustering countries on attitudinal dimensions: a review and synthesis" in Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 435-54.
48. Sagie, A. and Elizur, D. (1999), "Achievement motive and entrepreneurial orientation: a structural analysis" in Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 375-87.
49. Sagie, A., Elizur, D. and Yamauchi, H. (1996), "The structure and strength of achievement motivation: a cross-cultural comparison" in Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol. 17, pp. 431-44.
50. Segal, G., Borgia, D. and Schoenfeld, J. (2005), "The motivation to become an entrepreneur" in International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 42-57.
51. Shane, S. (2003), A General Theory of Entrepreneurship, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham.
52. Shapero, A. (1975), "The displaced, uncomfortable entrepreneur" in Psychology Today, Vol. 9, No. 11, pp. 83-8.
53. Shapero, A. (1982), "Social dimensions of entrepreneurship" in Kent, C.A., Sexton, D.L. and Vesper, K.H. (Eds.), The Encyclopedia of Entrepreneurship, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, pp. 72-90.
54. Shaver, K. and Scott, L. (1991), "Person, process, choice: the psychology of new venture creation" in Shanes, S. (Ed.), Foundations of Entrepreneurship, Edward Elgar, Northhampton, MA, pp. 599-621.
55. Shinnar, R., Pruett, M. and Toney, B. (2009), "Entrepreneurship education: attitudes across campus" in Journal of Education for Business, Vol. 84, No. 3, pp. 151-8.
56. Stajkovic, A. and Luthans, F. (1998), "Self-efficacy and work-related performance: the role of strategy, industry structure, and the entrepreneur" in Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 124, No. 2, pp. 240-61.
57. Swan, W., Chang-Schneider, C. and McClarity, K. (2007), "Do people's self-views matter?" in American Psychologist, Vol. 62, No. 2, pp. 84-94.
58. Tkachev, A. and Kolvereid, L. (1999), "Self-employment intentions among Russian students" in Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 269-80.
59. Townsend, T., Grange, C., Belgrave, F., Wilson, K., Fitzgerald, A. and Owend, K. (2006), "Understanding HIV risk among African American adolescents: the role of Africentric values and ethnic identity in the theory of planned behavior" in Humboldt Journal of Social Relations, Vol. 30, No. 2, pp. 89-120.
60. Van Auken, H., Fry, F. and Stephens, P. (2006), "The influence of role models on entrepreneurial intentions" in Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 157-67.
61. Van Gelderen, M. and Jansen, P. (2006), "Autonomy as a start-up motive" in Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 23-32.
62. Blakely, A. (2002), Siberia Bound: Chasing the American Dream on Russia's Wild Frontier, Sourcebooks Publishing, New York, NY.
63. Doane, D. and Seward, L. (2007), Applied Statistics, McGraw-Hil, Boston, MA.
64. Hofstede, G. (2001), Culture's Consequences, 2nd ed., Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA.
65. Kanfer, R. (1990), "Motivation theory and industrial and organization psychology" in Dunnette, M.D. and Hough, L.M. (Eds.), Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 1, Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, CA, pp. 75-170.
66. Kim, M. and Hunter, J. (1993), "Relationships among attitudes, intentions, and behavior" in Communication Research, Vol. 20, pp. 331-64.
67. Krueger, N. and Carsrud, A. (1993), "Entrepreneurial intentions: applying the theory of planned behavior" in Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 316-23.
68. Luthans, F. and Ibrayeva, E. (2006), "Entrepreneurial self-efficacy in Central Asian transition economies: quantative and qualitative analysis" in Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 37, pp. 92-110.
69. Political Risk Yearbook (2007), "On-Line Database Service", PRS Group, East Syracuse, NY.