Winning “the savage wars of Peace”: What the Manwaring paradigm tells us

"The Savage Wars of Peace": Toward a New Paradigm of Peace Operations

Volumn , Issue , 2019, Pages 211-239

  Last, David ^a  

^a US Army Command and General Statf College   (United States)

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EID: 7644226310     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780429314445-12     Document Type: Chapter

References (66)

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7. Kofi A. Annan, “Peace Operations and the United Nations: Preparing for the Next Century,” unpublished paper, (New York: United Nations, February 1996). Annan writes of “inducing consent” and the limits of coercion.
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19. Paul Wilkinson, Political Terrorism (New York: John Wiley, 1974), 45.
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24. H.W. Singer, “Poverty, Income Distribution, and Levels of Living: Thirty years of Changing Thought on Development Problems,” in C.H. Hanumantha Rao and P.C. Joshi, editors, Reflections on Economic Development and Social Change (New Delhi: Allied Publishers Private Limited, 1979), p. 33.
25. International Peace Academy, The Peacekeeper’s Handbook. (New York: International Peace Academy, 1978), pp 1-6 (definitions) and lll/7 (quote).
26. Gerald Schneider and Patricia A Weitsman, “Eliciting Collaboration from Risky States,” in Enforcing Cooperation: Risky States and Intergovernmental Management of Conflict, edited by Gerald Schneider and Patricia A Weitsman (New York: StMartin’s Press, 1997), 4-10.
27. Douglas Porch, “Bugeaud, Gallieni and Lyautey: The Development of French Colonial Warfare,”in Peter Paret, Editor, Makers of Modem Strategy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1986), 378-382.
28. Stephen H. Roberts, History of French Colonial Policy (1870-1925) Volume IV, (London: P.S. King and Son, 1929), 438-9.
29. Major D.M. Last, “The Importance of Peripheral Conflicts to Military Thinking: The Case of French Colonialism,” US Army Command and General Staff College, January 1995.
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31. J. Mathew Vaccaro, “The UN Peacekeeping Operation in the Congo, 1960-1964: The Nexus of Decolonialism and Superpower Conflict in the Guise of UN Peacekeeping”.
32. David Last, “Peacekeeping in Divided Societies: Limits to Success,” forthcoming, Low Intensity Conflict and Law Enforcement.
33. “Cypriot Youth the Only Losers,” Manchester Guardian Weekly, 27 June 1997, 4
34. David Last, “Peacekeeping Doctrine and Conflict Resolution Techniques,” Armed Forces and Society, Vol 22 No. 2 (Winter 1995/96), 187-210.
35. Alija Izetbegovic, The Islamic Declaration, 1972. Translation provided by IFOR Information staff, page 23.
36. David Last, “Defeating Fear and Hatred: Multiplying the Peacebuilding Impact of a Military Contribution,” forthcoming in Canadian Foreign Policy.
37. Colonel P.G. Williams, OBE, “Bosnia as a ‘NATO Safe Area’- A Post-SFOR Solution?” unpublished paper provided by author, 11 June 1997.
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40. Charles Dobbie, “A Concept for Post-Cold War Peacekeeping,” Survival, Vol. 36, No. 3 (Autumn, 1994)
41. David Last, Theory, Doctrine and Practice of Conflict De-Escalation in Peacekeeping Operations (Clementsport, NS: The Canadian Peacekeeping Press, 1997), 43-64.
42. Michael S. Lund, Preventing Violent Conflicts: A Strategy for Preventive Diplomacy (Washington, DC: USIP, 1996), 32-49.
43. Examples from Bosnia are provided in David Last, “Implementing the Dayton Accords: The Challenge of Inter-Agency Coordination,” in Cornwallis Group Seminar Procedings, forthcoming Canadian PK Press.
44. Eric A Nordlinger, Conflict Regulation in Divided Societies (Cambridge, Ma: Harvard University Center for International Affairs, 1977) 117.
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47. Gideon Rose, Council on Foreign Relations, “The Exit Strategy Delusion.” Paper presented at the 92nd Annual Meeting of the American Policital Science Association, San Francisco, 28-31 August, 1996.
48. Lawrence A Yates, “Intervention in the Dominican Republic, 1965-1966”.
49. Fishel and Daze.
50. Larry Minear and Thomas G. Weiss, Humanitarian Action in Times of War: A Handbook for Practitioners, (Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Rienner, 1993).
51. Sadako Ogata, “The Interface Between Peacekeeping and Humanitarian Action,” in D. Warner (Editor), New Dimensions of Peacekeeping, (Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1995), pp 119-127.
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53. Andrew S. Natsios, “Commander’s Guidance: A Challenge of Complex Humanitarian Emergencies,” Parameters, 25:2 (Summer 1996), pp 50-66.
54. Neil Wright, Working with the UNHCR (Geneva: United Nations High Commission for Refugees, 1995).
55. A UNHCR Handbook for the Military on Humanitarian Operations, (New York: United Nations High Commission for Refugees, January 1995).
56. John Mackinlay, editor, A Guide to Peace Support Operations (Providence, RI: Thomas J. Watson Jr. Institute for International Studies, 1996).
57. Combined Press Information Centre (CPIC) Daily Press Briefmg transcripts, 4 March 1997, for a description of events at Gajevi. Available on internet from scheurwe@hq.nato.int, or http://www.nato.int
58. Dana Priest, “Army Training Manuals Urged Executions, Torture as Coercion: Manuals Used 1982-91, Pentagon Reveals,” Washington Post, Saturday, September 21, 1996, page A9, for an alleged example.
59. Robert Axelrod, The Evolution of Cooperation (New York: Basic Books, 1984), 73-87.
60. Establishing A Canadian Capability in Peace-Building, Background Paper for the National Forum on Foreign Policy (Ottawa: Canadian Centre for Foreign Policy Development, 1997).
61. David Last, “Peacekeeping in Divided Societies: Limits to Success,” forthcoming in Low Intensity Conflict and Law Enforcement.
62. Dana Eyre, a US Civil Affairs officer and professor at the Naval Post-Graduate School, Monterey, in 1996. It implies a different relationship from that described by a similar figure showing force, impartiality and consent in FM 100-23, Peace Operations, Final Draft, 1995, page 1-6.
63. FM 100-23, Peace Operations,(Washington, DC: Headquarters, Department of the Army, December 1994), 13.
64. United Kingdom Army Field Manual, Wider Peacekeeping, (London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, 1995), page 3-17.
65. Charles Dobbie, “A Concept for Post-Cold War Peacekeeping,” Survival, 36:3
66. A.B. Fetherston, Toward a Theory of UN Peacekeeping, and is elaborated in David Last, Theory, Doctrine and Practice of Conflict De-escalation.