Modelling the optical and radiative properties of freshly emitted light absorbing carbon within an atmospheric chemical transport model

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

Volumn 10, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 1403-1416

  Kahnert, M ^a  

^a SWEDISH METEOROLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AEROSOL; AEROSOL PROPERTY; ATMOSPHERIC MODELING; ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT; CARBON; DATA ASSIMILATION; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD; MODELING; OPTICAL PROPERTY; RADIATIVE FORCING; RADIATIVE TRANSFER;

EID: 76349115394     PISSN: 16807316     EISSN: 16807324     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/acp-10-1403-2010     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Andersson, C., Langner, J., and Bergström, R.: Interannual variation and trends in air pollution over Europe due to climate variability during 1958-2001 simulated with a regional CTM coupled to the ERA40 reanalysis, Tellus B, 59, 77-98, 2007.
2. Bond, T. C. and Bergstrom, R. W.: Light absorption by carbonaceous particles: an investigative review, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 40, 27-67, 2006.
3. Bond, T. C., Habib, G., and Bergstrom, R. W.: Limitations in the enhancement of visible light absorption due to mixing state, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D20211, doi:10.1029/2006JD007315, 2006. (Pubitemid 44941281)
4. Borghese, F., Denti, P., Saija, R., Toscano, G., and Sindoni, O. I.: Use of group theory for the description of electromagnetic scattering from molecular systems, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 1, 183-191, 1984.
5. Bruggemann, D. A. G.: Berechnung verschiedener physikalis-cher Konstanten von heterogenen Substanzen. 1. Dielek-trizitätskonstanten und Leitfähigkeiten der Mischkörper aus isotropen Substanzen, Ann. Phys., 24, 636-664, 1935.
6. Chang, H. and Charalampopoulos, T. T.: Determination of the wavelength dependence of refractive indices of flame soot, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A, 430, 577-591, 1990.
7. Chýlek, P., Videen, G., Geldart, D. J. W., Dobbie, J. S., and Tso, H. C. W.: Effective medium approximations for heterogeneous particles, in: Light scattering by nonspherical particles, edited by: Mishchenko particles, in: Light scattering by nonspherical particles, edited by: Mishchenko, M. I., Hovenier, J. W., and Travis, L. D., 274-308, Academic Press, San Diego, USA, 2000.
8. Dubovik, O., Holben, B. N., Lapyonok, T., Sinyuk, A., Mishchenko, M. I., Yang, P., and Slutsker, I.: Non-spherical aerosol retrieval method employing light scattering by spheroids, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(10), 1415, doi:10.1029/2001GL014506, 2002.
9. Färnlund, J., Holman, C., and Kägeson, P.: Emissions of ultra-fine particles from different types of light duty vehicles, Tech. Rep. 2001:10, Swedish National Road Administration, Borlänge, 2001.
10. Foltescu, V., Pryor, S. C., and Bennet, C.: Sea salt generation, dispersion and removal on the regional scale, Atmos. Environ., 39, 2123-2133, 2005.
11. Forster, P., Ramaswamy, V., Artaxo, P., Berntsen, T., Betts, R., Fa-hey, D. W., Haywood, J., Lean, J., Lowe, D. C., Myhre, G., Nganga, J., Prinn, R., Raga, G., Schulz, M., and Van Dorland, R. V.: Changes in atmospheric constituents and in radiative forcing, in: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis., edited by: Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M., Averyt, K. B., Tignor, M., and Miller, H. L., Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2007.
12. Fuller, K. A., Malm, W. C., and Kreidenweis, S. M.: Effects of mixing on extinction by carbonaceous particles, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 15941-15954, 1999.
13. Grenfell, T. C. and Warren, S. G.: Representation of a nonspherical ice particle by a collection of independent spheres for scattering and absorption of radiation, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 31697-31709, 1999.
14. Hess, M., Koepke, P., and Schult, I.: Optical properties of aerosols and clouds: The software package OPAC, B. Am. Meteor. Soc., 79, 831-844, 1998.
15. Jacobson, M. Z.: A physically-based treatment of elemental carbon optics: Implications for global direct forcing of aerosols, Geo-phys. Res. Lett, 27, 217-220, 2000.
16. Jones, A. R.: Light scattering in combustion, in: Light Scattering Reviews, edited by: Kokhanovsky, A., Springer, Berlin, 2006.
17. Kahnert, F. M.: Reproducing the optical properties of fine desert dust aerosols using ensembles of simple model particles, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 85, 231-249, 2004.
18. Kahnert, M.: Variational data analysis of aerosol species in a regional CTM: background error covariance constraint and aerosol optical observation operators, Tellus B, 60, 753-770, 2008.
19. Kahnert, M.: On the observability of chemical and physical aerosol properties by optical observations: Inverse modelling with varia-tional data assimilation, Tellus B, 61, 747-755, 2009.
20. Kahnert, M. and Kylling, A.: Radiance and flux simulations for mineral dust aerosols: Assessing the error due to using spherical or spheroidal model particles, J. Geo-phys. Res., 109, D09203, doi:10.1029/2003JD004318, errata: doi:10.1029/2004JD005311, 2004.
21. Kahnert, M. and Nousiainen, T.: Uncertainties in measured and modelled asymmetry parameters of mineral dust aerosols, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 100, 173-178, 2006.
22. Kahnert, M., Nousiainen, T., and Veihelmann, B.: Spherical and spheroidal model particles as an error source in aerosol climate forcing and radiance computations: a case study for feldspar aerosols, J. Geophys. Res.110, D18S13, doi:10.1029/2004JD005558, 2005. (Pubitemid 41582678)
23. Kahnert, M., Nousiainen, T., and Räisänen, P.: Mie simulations as an error source in mineral aerosol radiative forcing calculations, Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 133, 299-307, 2007.
24. Khlebtsov, N. G.: Orientational averaging of light-scattering ob-servables in the T-matrix approach, Appl. Opt., 31, 5359-5365, 1992.
25. Kocifaj, M. and Videen, G.: Optical behavior of composite carbonaceous aerosols: DDA and EMT approaches, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 109, 1404-1416, 2008.
26. Liu, L. and Mishchenko, M. I.: Effects of aggregation on scattering and radiative properties of soot aerosols, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D11211, doi:10.1029/2004JD005649, 2005. (Pubitemid 41282237)
27. Liu, L., Mishchenko, M. I., and Arnott, W. P.: A study of radiative properties of fractal soot aggregates using the superposition T matrix method, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 109, 2656-2663, 2008.
28. Mackowski, D. W.: Calculation of total cross sections of multiple-sphere clusters, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A., 11, 2851-2861, 1994.
29. Mackowski, D. W.: A simplified model to predict the effects of aggregation on the absorption properties of soot aggregates, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 100, 237-249, 2006.
30. Mackowski, D. W. and Mishchenko, M. I.: Calculation of the T matrix and the scattering matrix for ensembles of spheres, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A., 13, 2266-2278, 1996.
31. Maxwell-Garnett, J. C.: Colours in metal glasses and in metallic films, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A., 203, 385-420, 1904.
32. Mie, G.: Beiträge zur Optik trüber Medien, speziell kolloidaler Metallösungen, Ann. Phys., 25, 377-445, 1908.
33. Mishchenko, M. I.: Light scattering by randomly oriented axially symmetric particles, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A., 8, 871-882, 1991.
34. Mishchenko, M. I., Travis, L. D., and Mackowski, D. W.: T-matrix computations of light scattering by nonspherical particles: a review, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 55, 535-575, 1996.
35. Mishchenko, M. I., Travis, L. D., Kahn, R. A., and West, R. A.: Modeling phase functions for dustlike tropospheric aerosols using a shape mixture of randomly oriented polydisperse spheroids, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 16831-16847, 1997.
36. Nousiainen, T., Kahnert, M., and Veihelmann, B.: Light scattering modeling of small feldspar aerosol particles using polyhedral prisms and spheroids, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 101, 471-487, 2006.
37. Okada, Y. and Kokhanovsky, A. A.: Light scattering and absorption by densely packed groups of spherical particles, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 110, 902-917, 2009.
38. Okada, Y., Mukai, T., Mann, I., Nomura, H., Takeuchi, T., Sano, I., and Mukai, S.: Grouping and adding method for calculating light scattering by large fluffy aggregates, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 108, 65-80, 2007.
39. Okada, Y., Mann, I., Mukai, T., and Köhler, M.: Extended calculation of polarization and intensity of fractal aggregates based on rigorous method for light scattering simulations with numerical orientation averaging, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 109, 2613-2627, 2008.
40. Otto, S., Bierwirth, E., Weinzierl, B., Kandler, K., Esselborn, M., Tesche, M., Schladitz, A., Wendisch, M., and Trautmann, T.: Solar radiative effects of a Saharan dust plume observed during SA-MUM assuming spheroidal model particles, Tellus B, 61, 270-296, 2009.
41. Pilinis, C. and Li, X.: Particle shape and internal inhomogeneity effects in the optical properties of tropospheric aerosols of relevance to climate forcing, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 3789-3800, 1998.
42. Robertson, L., Langner, J., and Enghardt, M.: An Eulerian limited-area atmospheric transport model, J. Appl. Meteorol., 38, 190-210, 1999.
43. Rother, T., Schmidt, K., Wauer, J., Shcherbakov, V., and Gaeyt, J.-F.: Light scattering on Chebyshev particles of higher order, Appl. Opt., 45, 6030-6037, 2006.
44. Schulz, F. M., Stamnes, K., and Stamnes, J. J.: Modeling the radiative transfer properties of media containing particles of moderately and highly elongated shape, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 4481-4484, 1998.
45. Schulz, F. M., Stamnes, K., and Stamnes, J. J.: Shape-dependence of the optical properties in size-shape distributions of randomly oriented prolate spheroids, including highly elongated shapes, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 9413-9421, 1999.
46. Segelstein, D.: The Complex Refractive Index of Water, Master thesis, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 1981.
47. Smekens, A., Pauwels, J., Berghmans, P., and Grieken, R. V.: Correlation study between the aerodynamic diameter and the number of primary particles of soot aggregates by STEM, J. Aerosol Sci., 28, 761-762, 1997.
48. Sorensen, C. M.: Light scattering by fractal aggregates: a review, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 35, 648-687, 2001.
49. Sorensen, C. M. and Roberts, G. M.: The prefactor of fractal aggregates, J. Colloid. Interface Sci., 186, 447-452, 1997.
50. Stamnes, K., Tsay, S.-C., Wiscombe, W., and Jayaweera, K.: Numerically stable algorithm for discrete-ordinate-method radiative transfer in multiple scattering and emitting layered media, Appl. Opt., 27, 2502-2509, 1988.
51. Toon, O. B. and Ackermann, T. P.: Algorithms for the calculation of scattering by stratified spheres, Appl. Opt., 20, 3657-3660, 1981.
52. van de Hulst, H. C.: Light Scattering by Small Particles, Dover Publications, Inc., New York, USA, p. 70., 1981.
53. Veihelmann, B., Nousiainen, T., Kahnert, M., and van der Zande, W. J.: Light scattering by small feldspar particles simulated using the Gaussian random sphere geometry, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 100, 393-405, 2006.
54. Vignati, E., Wilson, J., and Stier, P.: M7: an efficient size-resolved aerosol microphysics module for large-scale aerosol transport models, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D22202, doi:10.1029/2003JD004485, 2004. (Pubitemid 40294868)
55. Worringen, A., Ebert, M., Trautmann, T., Weinbruch, S., and Helas, G.: Optical properties of internally mixed ammonium sulfate and soot particles-a study of individual aerosol particles and ambient aerosol populations, Appl. Opt., 47, 3835-3845, 2008.
56. Xu, Y. and Gustafson, B. Å. S.: A generalized multiparticle Mie-solution: further experimental verification, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 70, 395-419, 2001.
57. Zhao, Y. and Ma, L.: Assessment of two fractal scattering models for the prediction of the optical characteristics of soot aggregates, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 110, 315-322, 2009.