Cooperation at different scales: Challenges for local and international water resource governance in South Africa

Geographical Journal

Volumn 176, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 25-38

  Mirumachi, N ^a   Van Wyk, E ^b  

^a KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b DSI CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Cooperation; Empowerment; South Africa; Water governance

Indexed keywords

CIVIL SOCIETY; DECISION MAKING; EMPOWERMENT; GOVERNANCE APPROACH; RISK PERCEPTION; STAKEHOLDER; WATER MANAGEMENT; WATER RESOURCE;

SOUTH AFRICA;

EID: 76249115112     PISSN: 00167398     EISSN: 14754959     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-4959.2009.00344.x     Document Type: Article

References (95)

1. Akindele F, Senyane R. The Irony of the 'White Gold' 2004, Transformation Resource Centre, Maseru
2. Ali-Khan F, Mulvihill P R. Exploring collaborative environmental governance: perspectives on bridging and actor agency. Geography Compass 2008, 2:1974-94.
3. Archer R. Trust in construction? The Lesotho Highlands Water Project. 1996, Report of Christian Aid and the Christian Council of Lesotho Christian Aid, London
4. Ashton P J, Turton A R. Water and security in sub-Saharan Africa: emerging concepts and their implications for effective water resource management in the southern African region. Facing global environmental change: environmental, human, energy, food, health and water security concepts 2008, IV:665-78. Brauch H G, Spring U OGrin JMesjasz CKrummenacher HKameri-Mbote PBehera N CChouru B. in, eds, Springer, Berlin, vol
5. Ashton P J, Earle A, Malzbender D, Moloi M B H, Patrick M J, Turton A R. A compilation of all the international freshwater agreements entered into by South Africa with other states 2006a, Water Research Commission, Pretoria
6. Ashton P J, Turton A R, Roux D J. Exploring the government, society, and science interfaces in integrated water resource management in South Africa. Journal of Contemporary Water Research & Education 2006b, 135:28-35.
7. Babbie E R. The practice of social research 2004, 10th, edn, Thomson/Wadsworth, Belmont, CA
8. Batterbury S P J, Fernando J L. Rescaling governance and the impacts of political and environmental decentralization: an introduction. World Development 2006, 34:1851-63.
9. Birkenholtz T. Groundwater governmentality: hegemony and technologies of resistance in Rajasthan's (India) groundwater governance. Geographical Journal 2009, online early
10. Blaikie P. Is small really beautiful? Community-based natural resource management in Malawi and Botswana. World Development 2006, 34:1942-57.
11. Bouwen R, Taillieu T. Multi-party collaboration as social learning for interdependence: developing relational knowing for sustainable natural resource management. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology 2004, 14:137-53.
12. Bracking S. The Lesotho highlands corruption trial: who has been airbrushed from the dock? Review of African Political Economy 2001, 28:302-6.
13. Breen C, Quinn N, Deacon A. A description of the Kruger Park rivers research programme: phase II 1994, Foundation for Research and Development, Pretoria
14. Breen C, Quinn N, Mander M. A description of the Kruger Park rivers research programme: phase III 1997, Foundation for Research and Development, Pretoria
15. Bulkeley H. Reconfiguring environmental governance: towards a politics of scales and networks. Political Geography 2005, 24:875-902.
16. Büsher B, Dressler W. Linking neoprotectionism and environmental governance: on the rapidly increasing tensions between actors in the environment-development nexus. Conservation and Society 2007, 5:586-611.
17. Cash D W, Adger W, Berkes F, Garden P, Lebel L, Olsson P, Pritchard L, Young O. Scale and cross-scale dynamics: governance and information in a multilevel world. Ecology and Society 2006, 11. http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol11/iss2/art8/, ) Accessed 16 July 2009
18. Cleaver F. Paradoxes of participation: questioning participatory approaches to development. Journal of International Development 1999, 11:597-612.
19. Colvin J, Ballim F, Chimbuya S, Everard M, Goss J, Klarenberg G, Ndlovu S, Ncala D, Weston D. Building capacity for co-operative governance as a basis for integrated water resource managing in the Inkomati and Mvoti catchments, South Africa. Water SA 2008, 34:681-90.
20. Conca K. Governing water: contentious transnational politics and global institution building 2006, MIT, Cambridge, MA
21. Cook J. Empowering people for sustainable development. Managing sustainable development in South Africa 1995, 279-96. FitzGerald PMc Lennan AMunslow B. in, eds, Oxford University Press, Cape Town and New York
22. Daoudy M. Le partage des eaux entre la Syrie, l'Irak et la Turquie: négociation, sécurité et asymétrie des pouvoirs 2005, CNRS Editions, Paris
23. Davies B, Day J. Vanishing waters 1998, University of Cape Town Press, Cape Town
24. de Vries M S. Interdependence, cooperation and conflict: an empirical analysis. Journal of Peace Research 1990, 27:429-44.
25. Fundamental principles and objectives for a new water law for South Africa 1997a, DWAF, Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Republic of South Africa, Pretoria
26. Water Services Act 1997b, DWAF, Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Republic of South Africa, Pretoria
27. National Water Act 1998a, DWAF, Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Republic of South Africa, Pretoria
28. National Environmental Management Act 1998b, DWAF, Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Republic of South Africa, Pretoria
29. National water resource strategy 2004, DWAF, DWAF Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Republic of South, Pretoria
30. Earle A. The role of governance in countering corruption: an African case study. Water Policy 2007, 9:69-81.
31. Elhance A, Drammeh H, Diop S, M'mayi P, Henson E, Schaefer M, Lindblom H. Regional and subregional efforts to build hydropolitical resilience in Africa. Hydropolitical vulnerability and resilience along international waters: Africa 2005, 69-76. in, United Nations Environment Programme - Division of Early Warning and Assessment, Oregon State University - Transboundary Freshwater Dispute Database, University of Pretoria - African Water Issues Research Unit, eds, United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi
32. Emmett T, Hagg G. The politics of water management: the case of the Orange River Development Project. Empowerment through economic transformation 2001, 299-328. Khosa M M, in, ed, African Millennium, Durban
33. Furlong K. Hidden theories, troubled waters: international relations, the territorial trap, and the Southern African Development Community's transboundary waters. Political Geography 2006, 25:438-58.
34. Gibson C C, Ostrom E, Ahn T K. The concept of scale and the human dimensions of global change: a survey. Ecological Economics 2000, 32:217-39.
35. Dialogue: effective water governance: learning from the dialogues 2003, Global Water Partnership, Global Water Partnership, Stockholm
36. Treaty on the Lesotho Highlands Water Project between the Government of the Republic of South Africa and the Government of the Kingdom of Lesotho. 1986, Government of the Republic of South Africa, Government of the Kingdom of Lesotho
37. Haas E B. Why collaborate? Issue-linkage and international regimes. World Politics 1980, 32:357-405.
38. Hendricks L B. 20 year GALA dinner of the Trans-Caledon Tunnel Authority. 2007, http://www.dwaf.gov.za/Communications/MinisterSpeeches/2007/TCTA19April07.doc, speech by Mrs L B Hendricks, Minister of Water Affairs and Forestry, The Hilton Hotel, Sandton, Gauteng, 19 April 2007 () Accessed 16 July 2009
39. Hendricks L B. Media statement: Outcomes of Cabinet discussion on water and augmentation of the Vaal River System. 2008, http://www.info.gov.za/speeches/2008/08120412151002.htm, 4 December 2008 () Accessed 16 July 2009
40. Heyns P S V H. Interbasin transfer of water between SADC countries: a development challenge for the future. Hydropolitics in the developing world: a Southern African perspective 2002, 157-76. Turton A RHenwood R. in, eds, African Water Issues Research Unit (AWIRU), University of Pretoria, Pretoria
41. Heyns P S V H, Patrick M J, Turton A R. Transboundary water resource management in Southern Africa: meeting the challenge of joint planning and management in the Orange River basin. International Journal of Water Resources Development 2008, 24:371-83.
42. Homer-Dixon T F. Environment, scarcity, and violence 1999, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ
43. Hoover R. Pipe dreams: the World Bank's failed efforts to restore lives and livelihoods of dam-affected people in Lesotho 2001, International Rivers Network, Berkeley
44. Horta K. The mountain kingdom's white oil: the Lesotho Highlands Water Project. Ecologist 1995, 25:227-31.
45. Innes J E, Booher D E. Consensus building and complex adaptive systems. Journal of the American Planning Association 1999, 65:412-23.
46. Thukela water project feasibility study - instream flow requirement study: summary report (1995-2000) 2000, IWR Environmental, Department of Water and Forestry, Pretoria
47. Jägerskog A. Contributions of regime theory in understanding interstate water co-operation: lessons learned in the Jordan River basin. Hydropolitics in the developing world: a Southern African perspective African Water Issues Research Unit (AWIRU 2002, 73-8. Turton ARHerwood R. in, eds, University of Pretoria, Pretoria
48. Kinnaman M L, Bleich M R. Collaboration: aligning resources to create and sustain partnerships. Journal of Professional Nursing 2004, 20:310-22.
49. Kistin E J, Ashton P, Earle A, Malzbender D, Patrick M, Turton A. An overview of the content and historical context of the international freshwater agreements that South Africa has entered into with neighbouring countries. International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics 2009, 9:1-21.
50. Kranz N. Participation in transboundary water management: fostering adaptive capacity? 2008, http://www.newater.info, NeWater () Accessed 16 July 2009
51. Kranz N, Vorwerk A, Vidaurre R. Towards adaptive water governance: observations from two transboundary river basins. 2007, 12-15. International Conference on Adaptive and Integrated Water Management, November 2007, Basel, Switzerland
52. Lemos M C, Agrawal A. Environmental governance. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 2006, 31:297-325.
53. Water sales. 2009, http://www.lhwp.org.ls/Reports/PDF/Water%20Sales.pdf, Lesotho Highlands Development Authority, LHDA () Accessed 16 July 2009
54. Likoti F J. The 1998 military intervention in Lesotho: SADC peace mission or resource war. International Peacekeeping 2007, 14:251-63.
55. MacKay H M, Ashton P J. Towards co-operative governance in the development and implementation of cross-sectoral policy: water policy as an example. Water SA 2004, 30:1-8.
56. MacKay H M, Rogers K H, Roux D J. Implementing the South African water policy: holding the vision while exploring an uncharted mountain. Water SA 2003, 29:353-8.
57. Manzungu E. More than a headcount: towards strategic stakeholder representation in catchment management in South Africa and Zimbabwe. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 2002, 27:927-33.
58. Masedi O A. Transboundary water: cooperation workshop Transboundary water cooperation: national commitment, stakeholders and IWRM in the Mekong, the Nile and SADC/Zambezi: lessons learned and which way forward? 2007, 1-2 March 2007, Copenhagen, Danish Water Forum
59. Mastenbroek W F G. Negotiating: a conceptual model. Group & Organization Management 1980, 5:324-39.
60. Matlosa K T. The Lesotho Highlands Water Project: socio-economic impacts. Environmental security in Southern Africa 2000, Tevera DMoyo S. in, eds, Southern Africa Regional Institute for Policy Studies, SAPES Trust, Harare
61. McCall M K, Minang P A. Assessing participatory GIS for community-based natural resource management: claiming community forests in Cameroon. Geographical Journal 2005, 171:340-56.
62. Mehta L, Ntshona Z. Dancing to two tunes? Rights and market-based approaches in South Africa's water domain. 2004, Sustainable livelihoods in southern Africa Research Paper 17 Institute of Development Studies, Brighton
63. Meissner R. The transnational role and involvement of interest groups in water politics: a comparative analysis of selected South African case studies. 2005, Unpublished PhD thesis University of Pretoria
64. Mirumachi N. The politics of water transfer between South Africa and Lesotho: bilateral cooperation in the Lesotho Highlands Water Project. Water International 2007, 32:558-70.
65. Motteux N. Guidelines for participation in integrated water resource management in South Africa. Participatory guidelines. 2003, Report No.1233/1/03 Water Research Commission, Pretoria
66. Mwangi O. Hydropolitics, ecocide and human security in Lesotho: a case study of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project. Journal of Southern African Studies 2007, 33:3-17.
67. Norman E S, Bakker K. Transgressing scales: water governance across the Canada-U.S. borderland. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 2009, 99:99-117.
68. O'Meara D. Forty lost years: the apartheid state and the politics of the National Party, 1948-1994 1996, Ravan Press, Randburg, South Africa; Ohio University Press, Athens, OH
69. Ostrom E, Walker J M. Communication in a commons: cooperation without external enforcement. 1989, Paper presented at the American Political Science Association meetings 31 August-3 September 1989, Atlanta, GA
70. Pherudi M L. Lesotho: political conflict, peace and reconciliation in the mountain kingdom. Through fire with water: the roots of division and the potential for reconciliation in Africa 2003, Doxtader EVilla-Vicencio C. in, eds, 1st, edn, Africa World Press, Trenton, NJ
71. Pyke P. One river - four nations Presentation to African Network for Basin Organizations (ANBO). 2007, 5 March 2007
72. Raadgever G T, Mostert E, Kranz N, Interwies E, Timmerman J G. Assessing management regimes in transboundary river basins: do they support adaptive management? Ecology and Society 2008, 13. http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol13/iss1/art14/, ) Accessed 16 July 2009
73. The constitution of the Republic of South Africa. 1996, Republic of South Africa
74. Rosenau J N. Distant proximities: dynamics beyond globalisation 2003, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ
75. Rowntree K. Guidelines for participation in integrated water resource management in South Africa. Environmental guidelines. 2003, Report No.1233/2/03 Water Research Commission, Pretoria
76. Rutashobya D G, Wellens-Mensah J. SADC-HYCOS (SADC Hydrological Cycle Observing System): evaluation mission report. 2002, http://sadchycos.dwaf.gov.za/Key%20Documents/SADC-HYCOS%20Evaluation%20report%20by%20Datiuis%20and%20Juiluis.pdf, European Union and South African Development Community () Accessed 16 July 2009
77. Schreiner B, Van Koppen B. Catchment management agencies for poverty eradication in South Africa. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 2002, 27:969-76.
78. Sherwill T, Arendse L, Rogers K, Sihlophe N, van Wilgen B, van Wyk E, Zeka S. Stakeholder connectedness and participatory water resource management in South Africa. Water SA 2007, 33:505-12.
79. Slater R. Between a rock and a hard place: contested livelihoods in Qwaqwa National Park, South Africa. The Geographical Journal 2002, 168:116-29.
80. Regional water policy. 2005, http://www.unep.org/dams/files/Country%20Dialogues/SADCRegionalWaterPolicy.pdf, Southern African Development Community, ) Accessed 16 July 2009
81. Revised protocol on shared watercourses 2000, SADC, South African Development Community
82. Thamae M L, Pottinger L. On the wrong side of development: lessons learned from the Lesotho Highlands Water Project 2006, eds, Transformation Resource Centre, Maseru
83. Sustainable development: Lesotho Highlands Water Project 2003, Trans-Caledon Tunnel Authority, Lesotho Highlands Development Authority, TCTA-LHDA, Pretoria
84. Turton A R, Hattingh H J, Maree G A, Roux D J, Claassen M, Strydom W F. Governance as a trialogue: government-society-science in transition 2007, eds, Springer, Berlin
85. Turton A R, Schultz C, Buckle H, Kgomongoe M, Malungani T, Drackner M. Gold, scorched earth and water: the hydropolitics of Johannesburg. Water Resources Development 2006, 22:313-35.
86. Human development report 2006: beyond scarcity: power, poverty and the global water crisis 2006, United Nations Development Programme, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke and New York
87. van Wilgen B W, Breen C M, Jaganyi J J, Rogers K H, Roux D J, Sherwill T, van Wyk E, Venter F. Principles and processes for supporting stakeholder participation in integrated river management. 2003, Report No. 1062/1/03 Water Research Commission, Pretoria
88. van Wyk E, Breen C, Roux D J, Rogers K H, Sherwill T, van Wilgen B W. The ecological reserve: towards a common understanding for river management in South Africa. Water SA 2006a, 32:403-9.
89. van Wyk E, van Wilgen B W, Arendse L I, Breen C M, Magadlela D, Rogers K H, Sherwill T, Sihlope N, Zeka S. The governance of shared natural resources: towards sustainable relationships for achieving equitable trade-offs. 2006b, Report No. 1294/1/06 Water Research Commission, Pretoria
90. Waterbury J. The Nile basin: national determinants of collective action 2002, Yale University Press, New Haven
91. Weeks D C, O'Keeffe J H, Fourie A, Davies B R. A pre-impoundment study of the Sabie-Sand River system, Mpumalanga with special reference to predicted impacts on the Kruger National Park. Volume 1. The ecological status of the Sabie-Sand river system. 1996, Report No. 294/1/96 Water Research Commission, Pretoria
92. Wenger E. Learning for a small planet. 2006, http://www.ewenger.com/research/index.htm, A research agenda () Accessed 16 July 2009
93. Wester P, Merrey D J, de Lange M. Boundaries of consent: stakeholder representation in river basin management in Mexico and South Africa. World Development 2003, 31:797-812.
94. Orange River Development Project, South Africa, case study prepared as an input to the World Commission on Dams. 2000, http://www.dams.org/, World Commission on Dams, World Commission on Dams, Cape Town () Accessed 16 July 2009
95. Zeitoun M, Warner J. Hydro-hegemony: a framework for analysis of trans-boundary water conflicts. Water Policy 2006, 8:435-60.