Wildfire and spruce beetle outbreak: Simulation of interacting disturbances in the central rocky mountains

Ecoscience

Volumn 16, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 28-38

  Derose, R Justin ^a   Long, James N ^a  

^a UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Crowning index; Extreme fire weather; Flame length; Fuel loading; Fuel models; Torching index

Indexed keywords

BEETLE; CLIMATE CONDITIONS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; CONIFEROUS TREE; DATA ACQUISITION; DISTURBANCE; FIRE BEHAVIOR; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; MOUNTAIN; NUMERICAL MODEL; POPULATION DECLINE; POPULATION DENSITY; STAND STRUCTURE; WILDFIRE;

ROCKY MOUNTAINS; UNITED STATES; UTAH;

COLEOPTERA; DENDROCTONUS RUFIPENNIS; PICEA; PICEA ENGELMANNII; SCOLYTINAE;

EID: 76149127708     PISSN: 11956860     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2980/16-1-3160     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Agee, J. K. & C. N. Skinner, 2005. Basic principles of forest fuel reduction treatments. Forest Ecology and Management, 211: 83-96.
2. Albini, F. A., 1976. Estimating Wildfire Behavior and Effects. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report GTR-INT-30, Ogden, Utah.
3. Alexander, R. R., 1967. Site Indexes for Engelmann Spruce in the Central Rocky Mountains. USDA Forest Service Research Paper RMRS-RM-32, Fort Collins, Colorado.
4. Anderson, H. E., 1982. Aids to Determining Fuel Models for Estimating Fire Behavior. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report GTR-INT-122, Ogden, Utah.
5. Baker, W. L. & T. T. Veblen, 1990. Spruce beetles and fires in the 19th-century sub-alpine forests of western Colorado, USA. Arctic and Alpine Research, 22: 65-80.
6. Bebi, P., D. Kulakowski & T. T. Veblen, 2003. Interactions between fire and spruce beetles in a subalpine Rocky Mountain forest landscape. Ecology, 84: 362-371.
7. Bell, J. F. & J. R. Dilworth, 2002. Log Scaling and Timber Cruising. Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.
8. Berg, E. E., D. J. Henry, C. L. Fastie, A. D. De Volder & S. M. Matsuoka, 2006. Spruce beetle outbreaks on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, and Kluane National Park and Reserve, Yukon Territory: Relationship to summer temperatures and regional differences in disturbance regimes. Forest Ecology and Management, 227: 219-232.
9. Bessie, W. C. & E. A. Johnson, 1995. The relative importance of fuels and weather on fire behavior in sub-alpine forests. Ecology, 76: 747-762.
10. Bigler, C., D. Kulakowski & T. T. Veblen, 2005. Multiple disturbance interactions and drought influence fire severity in Rocky Mountain subalpine forests. Ecology, 86: 3018-3029.
11. Brown, J. K., R. D. Oberheu & C. M. Johnston, 1982. Handbook for Inventorying Surface Fuels and Biomass in the Interior West. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report GTRINT-129, Ogden, Utah.
12. Carlton, D., 2006. Fuels Management Analyst Plus Software, Version 3. 0. 2. Fire Program Solutions LLC, Sandy, Oregon.
13. Crookston, N. L. & G. E. Dixon, 2005. The Forest Vegetation Simulator: A review of its structure, content, and applications. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 49: 60-80.
14. DeRose, R. J. & J. N. Long, 2007. Disturbance, structure, and composition: Spruce beetle and Engelmann spruce forests on the Markagunt Plateau, Utah. Forest Ecology and Management, 244: 16-23.
15. Dixon, G. E., 2002. Essential FVS: A User's Guide to the Forest Vegetation Simulator. Internal Report, USDA Forest Service, Fort Collins, Colorado.
16. Flora of North America Editorial Committee, 1993. Flora of North America North of Mexico. New York and Oxford.
17. Holsten, E. H., R. A. Werner & R. L. Develice, 1995. Effects of a spruce beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) outbreak and fire on Lutz spruce in Alaska. Environmental Entomology 24: 1539-1547.
18. Holsten, E. H., R. W. Their, A. S. Munson & K. E. Gibson, 1999. The Spruce Beetle. USDA Forest Service, Forest Insect and Disease Leaflet 127, Washington, DC.
19. Jenkins, M. J., E. Hebertson, W. Page & C. A. Jorgensen, 2008. Bark beetles, fuels, fires and implications for forest management in the Intermountain West. Forest Ecology and Management, 254: 16-34.
20. Johnson, M. C., D. L. Peterson & C. L. Raymond, 2007. Managing forest structure and fire hazard: A tool for planners. Journal of Forestry 105: 77-83.
21. Kulakowski, D. & T. T. Veblen, 2006. The effect of fires on susceptibility of subalpine forests to a 19th century spruce beetle outbreak in western Colorado. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 36: 2974-2982.
22. Kulakowski, D. & T. T. Veblen, 2007. Effect of prior disturbances on the extent and severity of wildfire in Colorado subalpine forests. Ecology, 88: 759-769.
23. Kulakowski, D., T. T. Veblen & P. Bebi, 2003. Effects of fire and spruce beetle outbreak legacies on the disturbance regime of a subalpine forest in Colorado. Journal of Biogeography, 30: 1445-1456.
24. Madsen, D. B., S. A. Elias, W. Chengyu, S. T. Jackson, R. S. Thompson & D. Rhode, 2002. The Paleoecology of Red Valley Bog, Markagunt Plateau, Utah. Technical Report, National Park Service, USFS, Environmental Science, Utah Geologic Survey 32, Salt Lake City, Utah.
25. McCambridge, W. F., M. J. Morris & C. B. Edminster, 1982. Herbage Production Under Ponderosa Pine Killed by the Mountain Pine Beetle in Colorado. USDA Forest Service, RMRS Research Note RM-416, Fort Collins, Colorado.
26. McMillin, J. D. & K. K. Allen, 2003. Effects of Douglas-fir beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) infestations on forest overstory and understory conditions in western Wyoming. Western North American Naturalist, 63: 498-506.
27. Mielke, J. L., 1950. Rate of deterioration of beetle-killed Engelmann spruce. Journal of Forestry, 12: 882-888.
28. Mock, C. J., 1996. Climatic controls and spatial variations of precipitation in the western United States. Journal of Climate, 9: 1111-1125.
29. Moore, D. W., L. D. Nealey, P. D. Rowley, S. C. Hatfield, D. J. Maxwell & E. Mitchell, 2004. Geologic map of the Navajo Lake 7. 5′ quadrangle, Kane and Iron counties, Utah.
30. Page, W. G. & M. J. Jenkins, 2007a. Mountain pine beetle-induced changes to selected lodgepole pine fuel complexes within the Intermountain region. Forest Science, 53: 507-518.
31. Page, W. G. & M. J. Jenkins, 2007b. Predicted fire behavior in selected mountain pine beetle-infested lodgepole pine. Forest Science, 53: 662-674.
32. Peet, R. K., 2000. Forests and meadows of the Rocky Mountains. Pages 75-121 in M. G. Barbour & W. D. Billings (eds. ). North American Terrestrial Vegetation. 2nd Edition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
33. Reinhardt, E. D., N. L. Crookston & S. A. Rebain, 2003. The Fire and Fuels Extension to the Forest Vegetation Simulator and Addendum. USDA Forest Service RMRS-GTR 116, Ogden, Utah.
34. Rothermel, R. C., 1972. A Mathematical Model for Predicting Fire Spread in Wildland Fuels. USDA Forest Service Research Paper INT-115, Ogden, Utah.
35. Schmid, J. M. & R. H. Frye, 1977. Spruce Beetle in the Rockies. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report GTR-RM-49, Fort Collins, Colorado.
36. Schoennagel, T., T. T. Veblen & W. H. Romme, 2004. The interaction of fire, fuels, and climate across Rocky Mountain forests. BioScience, 54: 661-676.
37. Schoennagel, T., T. T. Veblen, D. Kulakowski & A. Holz, 2007. Multidecadal climate variability and climate interactions affect subalpine fire occurrence, Western Colorado (USA). Ecology, 88: 2891-2902.
38. Scott, J. H. & R. E. Burgan, 2005. Standard Fire Behavior Models: A Comprehensive Set for Use with Rothermel's Surface Fire Spread Model. USDA Forest Service RMRS-GTR-153, Fort Collins, Colorado.
39. Scott, J. H. & E. D. Reinhardt, 2001. Assessing crown fire potential by linking models of surface and crown fire behavior. USDA Forest Service RMRS-RP-29, Fort Collins, Colorado.
40. Sibold, J. S., T. T. Veblen & M. E. Gonzalez, 2006. Spatial and temporal variation in historic fire regimes in subalpine forests across the Colorado Front Range in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA. Journal of Biogeography, 33: 631-647.
41. Stokes, M. A. & T. L. Smiley, 1968. An Introduction to Tree-Ring Dating. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.
42. Stone, W. E. & M. L. Wolfe, 1996. Response of understory vegetation to variable tree mortality following a mountain pine beetle epidemic in lodgepole pine stands in northern Utah. Vegetatio, 122: 1-12.
43. Van Wagner, C. E., 1977. Conditions for the start and spread of crown fire. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 7: 23-34.
44. Veblen, T. T., K. S. Hadley, M. S. Reid & A. J. Rebertus, 1991. The response of subalpine forests to spruce beetle outbreak in Colorado. Ecology, 72: 213-231.
45. Veblen, T. T., K. S. Hadley, E. M. Nel, T. Kitzberger, M. Reid & R. Villalba, 1994. Disturbance regime and disturbance interactions in a Rocky Mountain subalpine forest. Journal of Ecology, 82: 125-135.
46. Wood, S. L., 1982. The bark and Ambrosia beeltes of north and Central America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs, 6: 1359.