Molecular length distribution and the formation of smectic phases

Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry

Volumn 5, Issue , 2009, Pages

  Kapernaum, Nadia ^a   Scott Hartley, C ^b   Roberts, Jeffrey C ^a   Lemieux, Robert P ^b   Giesselmann, Frank ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF STUTTGART   (Germany)

^b QUEEN S UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Bidispersity; Liquid crystals; phase diagrams; Smectic phases; Structure and dynamics

Indexed keywords

EID: 75949125921     PISSN: 18605397     EISSN: 18605397     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.5.65     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Hartley, C. S.; Kapernaum, N.; Roberts, J. C.; Giesselmann, F.; Lemieux, R. P. J. Mater. Chem. 2006, 16, 2329-2337. doi:10.1039/b515313a
2. Onsager, L. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1949, 51, 627-659. doi:10.1111/j.1749- 6632.1949.tb27296.x
3. Zaschke, H.; Hyna, C.; Schubert, H. Z. Chem. 1977, 17, 333-334.
4. Hegmann, T.; Meadows, M. R.; Wand, M. D.; Lemieux, R. P. J. Mater. Chem. 2004, 14, 185-190. doi:10.1039/b307673c
5. Diele, S. Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 1326-1336.
6. The optical tilt angle is measured with a polarizing microscope in chiral SmC* phases by ferroelectric switching of the tilt direction [19,20].
7. Thurmes, W. N.; Wand, M. D.; Vohra, R. T.; Walba, D. M. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 1991, 204, 1-7. doi:10.1080/00268949108046588
8. Thurmes, W. N.; Wand, M. D.; Vohra, R. T.; More, K. M.; Walba, D. M. Liq. Cryst. 1993, 14, 1061-1068. doi:10.1080/02678299308027814
9. These mixtures show a tilt angle which is smaller than 10° over a temperature range of about 20 K. This is quite unusual, as usual tilt angles of ferroelectric liquid crystals with second order SmA* to SmC* phase transitions are in the range of θ = 20° to 25°. Materials with first order phase transitions show tilt angles up to θ = 45°.
10. Lagerwall, J. P. F.; Giesselmann, F. ChemPhysChem 2006, 7, 20-45. doi:10.1002/cphc.200500472
11. The translational order parameter ∑ gives a measure for the quality of smectic layering. It is defined as the amplitude of the density wave arising from the periodic one-dimensional smectic layer structure [21, 22].
12. Kapernaum, N.; Giesselmann, F. Phys. Rev. E 2008, 78, No.062701. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.78.062701
13. Koden, M.; Anabuki, T.; Nakagawa, K.; Awane, K. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 2 1991, 30, L1129-L1131. doi:10.1143/JJAP.30.L1129
14. Stroobants, A. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1992, 69, 2388-2391. doi:10.1103/ PhysRevLett.69.2388
15. Stroobants, A. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 1994, 6, A285-A288. doi:10.1088/0953-8984/6/23A/045
16. Koda, T.; Kimura, H. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 1994, 63, 984-994. doi:10.1143/JPSJ.63.984
17. Bemrose, R. A.; Care, C. M.; Cleaver, D. J.; Neal, M. P. Mol. Phys. 1997, 90, 625-635. doi:10.1080/00268979709482645
18. Cinacchi, G.; Mederos, L.; Velasco, E. J. Chem. Phys. 2004, 121, 3854-3863. doi:10.1063/1.1774153
19. Bahr, C.; Heppke, G. Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem. 1987, 91, 925-929.
20. Giesselmann, F.; Heimann, A.; Zugenmaier, P. Ferroelectrics 1997, 200, 237-256. doi:10.1080/00150199708008609
21. McMillan, W. L. Phys. Rev. A 1971, 4, 1238-1246. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.4. 1238
22. McMillan, W. L. Phys. Rev. A 1972, 6, 936-947. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.6.936