Part-time workers: Some key differences between primary and secondary earners

Monthly Labor Review

Volumn 132, Issue 10, 2009, Pages 3-15

  Luke Shaefer, H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 75949123103     PISSN: 00981818     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (18)

1. Handbook of Methods (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1997), p. 1.
2. See Rebecca M. Blank, "Are Part-Time Jobs Bad Jobs?" in G. Burtless, ed., A Future of Lousy Jobs? (Washington, DC, Brookings Institution, 1990), pp. 123-64
3. Christopher Tilly, Half a Job: Bad and Good Part-Time Jobs in a Changing Labor Market (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1996)
4. and Arne L. Kalleberg, Barbara F. Reskin, and Ken Hudson, "Bad Jobs in America: Standard and Nonstandard Employment Relations and Job Quality in the United States," American Sociological Review, April 2000, pp. 256-78.
5. Rebecca M. Blank, "Contingent Work in a Changing Labor Market," in Richard B. Freeman and Peter Gottschalk, eds., Generating Jobs: How to Increase Demand for Less-Skilled Workers (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1998), pp. 258-94.
6. Ibid.; see also Thomas Nardone, "Part-Time Employment: Reasons, Demographics, and Trends," Journal of Labor Research, summer 1995, pp. 275-92.
7. See "Involuntary Part-Time Work on the Rise," in Issues in Labor Statistics, Summary 08-08 (Bureau of Labor Statistics, December 2008)
8. Janet Walsh, "Myths and Counter-Myths: An Analysis of Part-Time Female Employees and Their Orientations to Work and Working Hours," Work, Employment & Society, June 1999, pp. 179-203.
9. Karen Fox Folk and Andrea H. Bellar, "Part-Time Work and Child Care Choices for Mothers of Preschool Children," Journal of Marriage and Family, February 1993, pp. 146-57.
10. Dora L. Costa, "From Mill Town to Board Room: The Rise of Women's Paid Labor," Journal of Economic Perspectives, fall 2000, pp. 101- 22
11. Jeremy Atack and Fred Bateman, "How Long Was the Workday in 1880?" Journal of Economic History, vol. 52, no. 1, 1992, pp. 129-60.
12. Miriam King, Steven Ruggles, Trent Alexander, Donna Leicach, and Matthew Sobek, "Integrated Public Use Microdata Series, Current Population Survey: Version 2.0" [machine-readable database] (Minneapolis, Minnesota Population Center [producer and distributor], 2004), on the Internet at www.cps.ipums.org/cps (visited June 1, 2009).
13. When a dichotomous outcome variable is used, probit or logistic regression models are preferable to linear probability models because probit models explicitly model the outcome as a probability and avoid problems of heteroskedasticity. Probit results in this article are linearized by conversion into marginal effects with the use of Stata software's dprobit routine. Hence, probit results can be interpreted similarly to results from linear probability models, while not suffering from the same problems of bias.
14. Note that, with data from the Annual Social and Economic Supplement, time-varying characteristics such as marital status and union membership pertain to the year the interview was conducted (2008 in this study) and may not be applicable during the reference period for annualized outcomes (2007 in this study). For example, if, during the interview in 2008, a respondent indicated that he or she was a member of a union, then the part-time job that the respondent held during the previous year may not have been the same job at which the respondent was a union member.
15. That is, mean annual earned income ÷ (mean weekly work hours × mean weeks worked)
16. Kalleberg, Reskin, and Hudson, "Bad Jobs in America"
17. Anne E. Polivka, "Contingent and alternative work arrangements, defined," Monthly Labor Review, October 1996, pp. 3-9
18. Anne E. Polivka, Sharon R. Cohany, and Steven Hipple, "Definition, Composition, and Economic Consequences of the Nonstandard Workforce," in Françoise Carré, Marianne A. Ferber, Lonnie Golden, and Stephen A. Herzenberg, eds., Nonstandard Work: The Nature and Challenges of Changing Employment Arrangements (Champaign, IL, Industrial Relations Research Association, 2000), pp. 41-94.