The breast cancer alternative hypothesis: Is there evidence to justify replacing it?

Journal of Clinical Oncology

Volumn 28, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 366-374

  Fisher, Bernard ^a   Anderson, Stewart J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; FLUOROURACIL; METHOTREXATE; TAMOXIFEN;

ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS; BREAST CANCER; BREAST SURGERY; CANCER ADJUVANT THERAPY; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER GENETICS; CANCER HORMONE THERAPY; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER RECURRENCE; CANCER SURGERY; CANCER SURVIVAL; FISHER EXACT TEST; HUMAN; MASTECTOMY; MOLECULAR BIOLOGY; MOLECULAR GENETICS; MULTIMODALITY CANCER THERAPY; NOTE; PARTIAL MASTECTOMY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; BREAST TUMOR; CLINICAL TRIAL; FEMALE; MEDICAL RESEARCH; PATHOLOGY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; TUMOR RECURRENCE;

BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH; BREAST NEOPLASMS; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; FEMALE; HUMANS; NEOPLASM RECURRENCE, LOCAL;

EID: 75749140165     PISSN: 0732183X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2009.26.8292     Document Type: Note

References (42)

1. Rabinovitch R, Kavanagh B: Double helix of breast cancer therapy: Intertwining the Halsted and Fisher hypotheses. J Clin Oncol 27:2422-2423, 2009
2. Fisher B: Laboratory and clinical research in breast cancer: A personal adventure - The David A. Karnofsky Memorial Lecture. Cancer Res 40:3863-3874, 1980
3. Fisher B: From Halsted to prevention and beyond: Advances in the management of breast cancer during the twentieth century. Eur J Cancer 35:1963-1973, 1999
4. Fisher B: Biological research in the evolution of cancer surgery: A personal perspective. Cancer Res 68:10007-10020, 2008
5. McGuire WL, Donegan WL, Fisher B, et al: Optimal surgical approaches to the local management of early breast cancer (a panel discussion). Breast Cancer Res Treat 6:101-112, 1985
6. Fisher B, Wolmark N: Conservative surgery: The American experience. Semin Oncol 13:425-433, 1986
7. Fisher B: Experiences in the evolution, technique, and results of breast conservation for the treatment of mammary cancer, in Bohmert HH, Leis HP Jr, Jackson IT (eds): Breast Cancer: Conservative and Reconstructive Surgery. New York, NY, Thieme Medical Publishers, 1989, pp 40-57
8. Fisher B, Anderson S, Fisher ER, et al: Significance of ipsilateral breast tumour recurrence after lumpectomy. Lancet 338:327-331, 1991
9. Fisher B, Bauer M, Margolese R, et al: Fiveyear results of a randomized clinical trial comparing total mastectomy and segmental mastectomy with or without radiation in the treatment of breast cancer. N Engl J Med 312:665-673, 1985
10. Reference deleted
11. Fisher B, Redmond C, Fisher ER, et al: The contribution of recent NSABP clinical trials of primary breast cancer therapy to an understanding of tumor biology: An overview of findings. Cancer 46:1009-1025, 1980
12. Fisher B, Anderson S, Bryant J, et al: Twentyyear follow-up of a randomized trial comparing total mastectomy, lumpectomy, and lumpectomy plus irradiation for the treatment of invasive breast cancer. N Engl J Med 347:1233-1241, 2002
13. Anderson SJ, Wapnir I, Dignam JJ, et al: Prognosis after ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence and locoregional recurrences in patients treated by breast-conserving therapy in five National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project protocols of node-negative breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 27:2466-2473, 2009
14. Wapnir IL, Anderson SJ, Mamounas EP, et al: Prognosis after ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence and locoregional recurrences in five National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project node-positive adjuvant breast cancer trials. J Clin Oncol 24:2028-2037, 2006
15. Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group: Favourable and unfavourable effects on longterm survival of radiotherapy for early breast cancer: An overview of the randomised trials. Lancet 355: 1757-1770, 2000
16. Overgaard M, Nielsen HM, Overgaard J: Is the benefit of postmastectomy irradiation limited to patients with four or more positive nodes, as recommended in international consensus reports? A subgroup analysis of the DBCG 82 b&c randomized trials. Radiother Oncol 82:247-253, 2007
17. Clarke M, Collins R, Darby S, et al: Effects of radiotherapy and of differences in the extent of surgery for early breast cancer on local recurrence and 15-year survival: An overview of the randomised trials. Lancet 366:2087-2106, 2005
18. Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group: Radiotherapy for early breast cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2:CD003647, 2002
19. Hellman S: Karnofsky Memorial Lecture: Natural history of small breast cancers. J Clin Oncol 12:2229-2234, 1994
20. Kurtz JM: Local therapy, systemic benefit: Challenging the paradigm of biological predeterminism. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 18:162-165, 2006
21. Punglia RS, Morrow M, Winer EP, et al: Local therapy and survival in breast cancer. N Engl J Med 356:2399-2405, 2007
22. Winkfield KM, Harris JR: Effective local therapy and long-term survival in breast cancer. Oncology 23:669-675, 2009
23. Fisher B, Fisher ER: Experimental evidence in support of the dormant tumor cell. Science 130:918-919, 1959
24. Fisher B, Fisher ER: Experimental studies of factors influencing hepatic metastases: III. Effect of surgical trauma with special reference to liver injury. Ann Surg 150:731-744, 1959
25. Fisher B, Fisher ER: Local factors affecting tumor growth: I. Effect of tissue homogenates. Cancer Res 23:1651-1657, 1963
26. Fisher B, Fisher ER: Host-tumor relationship in the development and growth of hepatic metastases, in Wissler RW, Dao TL, Wood S Jr (eds): Endogenous Factors Influencing Host-Tumor Balance. Chicago, IL, University of Chicago Press, 1967, pp 149-166
27. Fisher B, Fisher ER: Transmigration of lymph nodes by tumor cells. Science 152:1397-1398, 1966
28. Fisher B, Fisher ER: Barrier function of lymph node to tumor cells and erythrocytes: I. Normal nodes. Cancer 20:1907-1913, 1967
29. Fisher B, Fisher ER: Barrier function of lymph node to tumor cells and erythrocytes: II. Effect of x-ray, inflammation, sensitization and tumor growth. Cancer 20:1914-1919, 1967
30. 51Cr-labeled tumor cells. Cancer Res 27:412-420, 1967
31. Fisher B, Fisher ER: Studies concerning the regional lymph node in cancer: I. Initiation of immunity. Cancer 27:1001-1004, 1971
32. Fisher B, Fisher ER: Studies concerning the regional lymph node in cancer: II. Maintenance of immunity. Cancer 29:1496-1501, 1972
33. Fisher B, Fisher ER: The interrelationship of hematogenous and lymphatic tumor cell dissemination. Surg Gynecol Obstet 122:791-798, 1966
34. Fisher B: The evolution of paradigms for the management of breast cancer: A personal perspective. Cancer Res 52:2371-2383, 1992
35. Bernard C: Introduction à l'Étude de la Médicine Experimentale. Paris, France, J.B. Bailliere, 1865
36. Fisher B, Jeong J-H, Anderson S, et al: Twenty-five-year follow-up of a randomized trial comparing radical mastectomy, total mastectomy, and total mastectomy followed by irradiation. N Engl J Med 347:567-575, 2002
37. Hellman S, Weichselbaum RR: Oligometastases. J Clin Oncol 13:8-10, 1995
38. Handley WS: The inadequacy of the embolic theory, in Murray A (ed): Cancer of the Breast and Its Operative Treatment. New York, NY, P. B. Horber, 1922, p 2
39. Fisher B, Bauer M, Wickerham DL, et al: Relation of number of positive axillary nodes to the prognosis of patients with primary breast cancer: An NSABP update. Cancer 52:1551-1557, 1983
40. Fisher B: The surgical dilemma in the primary therapy of invasive breast cancer: A critical appraisal. Curr Prob Surg (October):1-53, 1970
41. Milano MT, Zhang H, Metcalfe SK, et al: Oligometastatic breast cancer treated with curativeintent stereotactic body radiation therapy. Breast Cancer Res Treat 115:601-608, 2009
42. Alix-Panabières C, Riethdorf S, Pantel K: Circulating tumor cells and bone marrow micrometastasis. Clin Cancer Res 14:5013-5021, 2008