The peasantries of the twenty-first century: The commoditisation debate revisited

Journal of Peasant Studies

Volumn 37, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 1-30

  van der Ploeg, Jan Douwe ^a  

^a WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Commoditisation; Food empires; Peasant agriculture; Peasants; Resistance; World food problem

Indexed keywords

AGRARIAN CHANGE; DEVELOPING WORLD; FINANCIAL CRISIS; FOOD SECURITY; MODERNIZATION; PEASANT AGRICULTURE; STRATEGIC APPROACH; TWENTY FIRST CENTURY;

EID: 75649124889     PISSN: 03066150     EISSN: 17439361     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/03066150903498721     Document Type: Article

References (137)

1. Adey, S. 2007. A journey without maps: towards sustainable subsistence agriculture in South Africa. Thesis (PhD), Wageningen University, Wageningen.
2. Altieri, M.A. 1990. Agro-ecology and small farm development. Ann Arbor, MI: CRC Press.
3. Appadurai, A. 1986. The social life of things, commodities in cultural perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
4. Barros Nock, M. 1998. Small farmers in the global economy: the case of the fruit and vegetable business in Mexico. The Hague: Institute of Social Studies.
5. Benvenuti, B. and J.D. van der Ploeg. 1985. Modelli di sviluppo aziendale agrario e loro importanza per l'agricoltura mediterranea. La Questione Agraria, (17), 85-105.
6. Benvenuti, B., et al. 1988. Produttore agricolo e potere; modernizzazione delle relazioni sociali ed economiche e fattori determinanti dell'imprenditorialita agricola. Roma: CNR/IPRA.
7. Bernstein, H. 1979. African peasantries: a theoretical framework. Journal of Peasant Studies, 6(4), 421-43.
8. Bernstein, H. 1990. Agricultural 'modernisation' and the era of structural adjustment: observations on sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Peasant Studies, 18(1), 3-33.
9. Bernstein, H. 2009. V.I. Lenin and A.V. Chayanov: looking back, looking forward. Journal of Peasant Studies, 36(1), 55-81.
10. Berry, S. 1985. Fathers work for their sons: accumulation, mobility and class formation in an extended Yoruba community. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
11. Bharadwaj, K. 1985. A view on commercialisation in Indian agriculture and the development of capitalism. Journal of Peasant Studies, 12(4), 7-25.
12. Boelens, R. 2008. The rules of the game and the game of the rules: normalization and resistance in Andean water control. PhD Thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen.
13. Bonnal, P., et al. 2003. Multifuncionalidad de la agricultura y nueva ruralidad. ¿Reestructuración de las políticas públicas a la hora de la globalización? Bogotá: Universidad Javeriana, CLASCO, REDCAPA.
14. Borras, S.M. Jr. 1997. The Bibingka strategy to land reform implementation: autonomous peasant mobilizations and state reformists in the Philippines. ISS Working Paper Series. The Hague: Institute of Social Studies.
15. Borras, S.M. Jr. 2009. Agrarian change and peasant studies: changes, continuities and challenges - an introduction. Journal of Peasant Studies, 36(1), 5-31.
16. Bové, J. and F. Dufour. 2001. The world is not for sale. London: Verso.
17. Bray, F. 1983. Patterns of evolution in rice-growing societies. Journal of Peasant Studies, 11(1), 3-33.
18. Brox, O. 2006. The political economy of rural development: modernisation without centralisation? Delft: Eburon.
19. Bryceson, D. 1980. Changes in peasant food production and food supply in relation to the historical development of commodity production in pre-colonial and colonial Tanganyika. Journal of Peasant Studies, 7(3), 281-311.
20. Byres, T.J., C. Urwen and T. Shanin. 1973. Editorial Statement. Journal of Peasant Studies, 1(1), 1-2.
21. Caporal, F.R. and J.A. Costabeber. 2007. Agroecologí a e Extensã o Rural, contribuções para a promoção do desenvolvimento rural sustentável. MDA/SAF/DATER, Brasilia D.F.
22. Chayanov, A.V. 1966. The theory of peasant economy. D. Thorner et al., eds. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
23. CIDA (Comite Interamericano de Desarrollo Rural). 1966. Tenencia de la tierra y desarollo socio-economico del sector agricola. Peru, Washington, DC: CIDA.
24. Crabtree, J. 2002. The impact of neo-liberal economics on Peruvian peasant agriculture in the 1990s. Journal of Peasant Studies, 29(3&4), 131-61.
25. Das, R.J. 2007. Introduction: peasant, state and class. Journal of Peasant Studies, 34(3&4), 351-70.
26. Davidson, A. 1984. Gramsci, the peasantry and popular culture. Journal of Peasant Studies, 11(4), 139-54.
27. Donajgrodzki, A.P. 1989. Twentieth-century rural England: a case for 'peasant studies'? Journal of Peasant Studies, 16(3), 425-42.
28. Dries, A. van den. 2002. The art of irrigation: the development, stagnation and redesign of farmer-managed irrigation systems in northern Portugal. Circle for Rural European Studies, Wageningen University, Wageningen.
29. EC (European Commission) Directorate-General for Agriculture and Rural Development, G5 2006. Agricultural Trade Policy Analysis: Agricultural Commodity Markets - Past Developments and Outlook. Brussels: EC.
30. Edelman, M. 2008. Transnational organizing in agrarian Central America: histories, challenges, prospects. Journal of Agrarian Change, 8(2-3), 229-57.
31. Ellis, F. 1993. Peasant economics: farm households and agrarian development. Second edition. Wye Studies in Agricultural and Rural Development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
32. Feder, E. 1973. Gewalt und Ausbeutung, Lateinamerikas Landwirtschaft, Hoffmann und Campe Verlag. Hamburg.
33. Francks, P. 1995. From peasant to entrepreneur in Italy and Japan. Journal of Peasant Studies, 22(4), 699-709.
34. Friedmann, H. 1978. Simple commodity production and wage labour in the American Plains. Journal of Peasant Studies, 6(1), 71-100.
35. Friedmann, H. 1980. Household production and the national economy: concepts for the analysis of agrarian formations. Journal of Peasant Studies, 7(2), 158-84.
36. Friedmann, H. 2004. Feeding the empire: the pathologies of globalized agriculture. In: L. Panitch and C. Leys. The socialist register: the empire reloaded. London: Merlin Press, pp. 124-43.
37. Funes, F., et al. 2002. Sustainable agriculture and resistance: transforming food production in Cuba. Oakland, CA: Food First Books
38. Galeski, B. 1972. Basic concepts of rural sociology. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
39. Garnsey, P. 1976. Peasants in Ancient Roman society. Journal of Peasant Studies, 3(2), 221-35.
40. Gerritsen, P.R.W. and J. Morales H., eds. 2007. Respuestas locales frente a la globalización económica. Productos regionales de la Costa Sur de Jalisco, México. Guadalajara: Universidad de Guadalajara/ITESO/RASA.
41. Goodman, D. and M. Watts. 1994. Reconfiguring the rural or fording the divide? Capitalist restructuring and the global agro-food system. Journal of Peasant Studies, 22(1), 1-49.
42. Groot, J.C.J., W. Rossing and E. Lantinga. 2006. Evolution of farm management, nitrogen efficiency and economic performance of dairy farms reducing external inputs. (To be submitted to Livestock Production Science.)
43. Gulati, A. and S. Fan. 2007. The dragon and the elephant: agricultural and rural reforms in China and India. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
44. Halamska, M. 2004. A different end of the peasants. Polish Sociological Review, 3(147), 205-68.
45. Halweil, B. 2002. Home grown. The case for local food in a global market. Washington, DC: Worldwatch Paper 163.
46. Harrison, M. 1977. The peasant mode of production in the work of A.V. Chayanov. Journal of Peasant Studies, 4(4), 323-36.
47. Harriss, J. 1982. Rural development: theories of peasant economy and agrarian change. London: Hutchinson University Library.
48. Harriss, J. 1992. Does the 'depressor' still work agrarian structure and development in India? A review of evidence and argument. Journal of Peasant Studies, 19(2), 189-96.
49. Haubert, M. 2007. Préface. In: E. Sabourin, ed. Paysans du Brésil: entre échange marchand et réciprocité. Paris: Editions Quae.
50. Hayami, Y. 1978. Anatomy of a peasant economy: a rice village in the Philippines. IRRI, Los Baños.
51. Hebinck, P. 1990. The agrarian structure in Kenya: state, farmers and commodity relations. Saarbrucken/Lauerdale: Breitenbach Publishers.
52. Hedley, M. 1982. Relations of production of the 'family farm': Canadian prairies. Journal of Peasant Studies, 9(1), 71-85.
53. Hobsbawn, E. 1973. Peasants and politics. Journal of Peasant Studies, 1(1), 3-22.
54. Holloway, J. 2002. Cambiar el mundo sin tomar el poder: el significado de la revolución hoy. Madrid: El Viejo Topo.
55. Holt-Giménez, E. 2006. Campesino a campesino: Voices from Latin America's Farmer to Farmer Movement for sustainable agriculture. Oakland, CA: Food First Books.
56. Hoog, K. de and J. Vinkers. 2000. De beleving van armoede in agrarische gezinsbedrijven. Wetenschapswinkel, nr 165, WUR, Wageningen.
57. Janvry, A. de, E. Sadoulet and L. Wilcox Young. 1989. Land and labour in Latin American agriculture from the 1950s to the 1980s. Journal of Peasant Studies, 16(3), 396-424.
58. Kerkvliet, B.J.T. 1993. Claiming the land: takeovers by villagers in the Philippines with comparisons to Indonesia, Peru, Portugal and Russia. Journal of Peasant Studies, 20(3), 459-93.
59. Kerkvliet, B.J.T. 2009. Everyday politics in peasant studies. Journal of Peasant Studies, 36(1), 22-43.
60. Kinsella, J., et al. 2000. Pluriactivity as a livelihood strategy in Irish farm households and its role in rural development. Sociologia Rural, 40(4), 481-96.
61. Kinsella, J., et al. 2002. Cost reduction for small-scale dairy farms in County Clare 2002. In: J.D. van der Ploeg, A. Long and J. Banks, eds. Living countrysides, rural development processes in Europe: the state of the art. Doetinchem: Elsevier, pp. 149-59.
62. Knickel, K. and S. Hof. 2002. Direct retailing in Germany: farmers markets in Frankfurt. In: J.D. van der Ploeg, A. Long and J. Banks, eds. Living countrysides. rural development processes in Europe: the state of the art. Doetinchem: Elsevier, pp. 104-13.
63. Koning, N.B.J., et al. 2008. Long-term global availability of food: continued abundance or new scarcity? Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 55(3), 229-90.
64. Kop, P. de, D. Sautier and A. Gerz. 2006. Origin-based products: lessons for pro-poor market development. Amsterdam: Royal Tropical Institute/CIRAD.
65. Leeuwis, C. 1989. Marginalization misunderstood: different patterns of farm development in the west of Ireland. Wageningen Sociological Studies, WAU, Wageningen.
66. Lenin, V.I. 1961. The agrarian question and the 'critics of Marx'. In: V.I. Lenin. Collected works, V. Moscow: Foreign Languages Publishing House.
67. Long, N. and B. Roberts. 2005. Changing rural scenarios and research agendas in Latin America in the new century. In: F. Buttel and P. McMichael, eds. New directions in the sociology of global development, research in rural sociology and development. Amsterdam: Elsevier Ltd., Vol. 11, pp. 55-89.
68. Mango, N.A.R. 2002. Husbanding the land: agricultural development and socio-technical change in Luoland, Kenya. PhD Thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen.
69. Mann, S.A. and J.M. Dickinson. 1978. Obstacles to the development of a capitalist agriculture. Journal of Peasant Studies, 4(4), 466-81.
70. Martinez-Alier, J. 1995. In praise of smallholders. Journal of Peasant Studies, 23(1), 140-8.
71. McMichael, P. 2009. A food regime genealogy. Journal of Peasant Studies, 36(1), 139-69.
72. McReynolds, S.A. 2002. Land reform in El Salvador and the Chapultepec Peace Accord. Journal of Peasant Studies, 30(1), 135-69.
73. Milone, P. 2009. Agriculture in transition: a neo-institutional analysis. Royal van Gorcum, Assen.
74. Mishra, S.C. 1982. Commercialisation, peasant differentiation and merchant capital in late nineteenth-century Bombay and Punjab. Journal of Peasant Studies, 10(1), 3-51.
75. Morgan, K., T. Marsden and J. Murdoch. 2006. Worlds of food: place, power and provenance in the food chain. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
76. Morgan, K. and R. Sonnino. 2008. The school food revolution: public food and the challenge of sustainable development. London: Earthscan.
77. Morton, A.D. 2007. Global capitalism and the peasantry in Mexico: the recomposition of class struggle. Journal of Peasant Studies, 34(3-4), 441-73.
78. MPAF (Ministero delle Politiche Agricole e Forestale) 2003. La poverta in agricultura. Roma: Eurispes.
79. Murray, W.E. 2002. From dependency to reform and back again: the Chilean peasantry during the twentieth century. Journal of Peasant Studies, 29(3&4), 190-227.
80. Negri, A. 2006. Movimento nell'Impero, passagi e peasaggi. Milano: Rafeallo Cortina Editore.
81. Neves, D.P. and M.A. de Moraes Silva, eds. 2008. Processos de constitução e reprodução do campesinato no Brasil, Vol. I. São Paolo: Editora UNESP.
82. Niazi, T. 2004. Rural poverty and the green revolution: the lessons from Pakistan. Journal of Peasant Studies, 31(1), 242-60.
83. Niederle, P. and C. Grisa. 2008. Diversifição dos meios de vida e accesso a atores e ativos: uma abordagem sobre a dinâmica de desenvolvimento local da agricultura familiar. Cuadernos de Desarrollo Rural (Bogotá), 5(61), 41-69.
84. Oostindie, H., J.D. van der Ploeg and H. Renting. 2002. Farmers' experiences with and views on rural development practices and processes: outcomes of a transnational European survey. In: J.D. van der Ploeg, A. Long and J. Banks, eds. Living countrysides. Rural development processes in Europe: the state of the art. Doetinchem: Elsevier, pp. 214-30.
85. Osti, G. 1991. Gli innovatori della periferia, la figura sociale dell'innovatore nell'agricoltura di montagna. Torino: Reverdito Edizioni.
86. Palerm, A. 1980. Antropólogos y campesinos: orígines y transformaciones. In: A. Palerm. Antropologia y Marxismo. Mexico: Nueva Imagen.
87. Paz, R. 2004. Mercantilización de la pequeña producción caprina: desaparicion o permanencia; studio de caso de la principal Cuenca lecheara de Argentina. In: Floreal Forni, comp. Caminos de Solidaridad de la Economia Argentina. Ediciones CICCUS, Buenos Aires.
88. Paz, R. 2006. Desparición o permanencia de los campesinos ocupantes en el noroeste argentino? Evolución y crecimiento en la última década. Canadian Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies, 31(61), 169-97.
89. Pelegrini, G. and M. Gazolla. 2008. A agroindústria familiar no Rio Grande do Sul: limites e potencialidades a sua reprodução social. URI, Frederico Westphalen.
90. Petras, J. and H. Veltmeyer. 2001. Are Latin American peasant movements still a force for change? Some new paradigms revisited. Journal of Peasant Studies, 28(2), 83-118.
91. Ploeg, J.D. van der. 1990a. Labour, markets, and agricultural production. Westview Special Studies in Agriculture Science and Policy. Boulder/San Francisco/Oxford: Westview Press.
92. Ploeg, J.D. van der. 1990b. Autarky and technical change in rice production in Guinea Bissau: on the importance of commoditisation and de-commoditisation as interrelated processes. In: M. Haswell and D. Hunt, eds. Rural households in emerging societies: technology and change in sub-Saharan Africa. Oxford, Hamburg and New York: Berg Publisher Ltd, pp. 93-113.
93. Ploeg, J.D. van der. 2000. Revitalizing agriculture: farming economically as starting ground for rural development. Sociologia Ruralis, 40(4), 497-511.
94. Ploeg, J.D. van der. 2003a. The virtual farmer: past, present and future of the Dutch peasantry. Assen: Royal Van Gorcum.
95. Ploeg, J.D. van der. 2003b. I contadini fra passato e futuro. In: Agricoltura e societa Contadina all'esordio degli anni 2000/Massimo Pacetti, Paolo Bedogni, Arrigo Boldrini, Emilia Romagna, Italia: Istituto 'Alcide Cervi', pp. 53-77.
96. Ploeg, J.D. van der. 2006. El futuro robado: tierra, agua y lucha campesina. Lima: I.E.P.
97. Ploeg, J.D. van der. 2008. The new peasantries: struggles for autonomy and sustainability in an era of empire and globalization. London: Earthscan.
98. Ploeg, J.D. van der, A. Long and J. Banks. 2002. Living countrysides: rural development processes in Europe. The state of the art. Doetinchem: Elsevier, EBI.
99. Razavi, S. 2009. Engendering the political economy of agrarian change. Journal of Peasant Studies, 36(1), 197-226.
100. Reijntjes, C., B. Haverkort and A. Waters-Bay. 1992. Farming for the future: an introduction to low external input and sustainable agriculture. Leusden/London: ILEA/MacMillan.
101. Richards, P. 1985. Indigenous agricultural revolution: ecology and food production in West Africa. London: Unwin Hyman.
102. Sabourin, E. 2007. Paysans du Brésil: entre échange marchand et réciprocité. Paris: Editions Quae.
103. Saccomandi, V. 1998. Agricultural market economics: a neo-institutional analysis of exchange, circulation and distribution of agricultural products. Assen: Royal van Gorcum.
104. Salazar, C. 1996. A sentimental economy: commodity and community in rural Ireland. Providence: Berghahn Books.
105. Saldanha, I.M. 1990. The political ecology of traditional farming practices in Thana District, Maharashtra (India). Journal of Peasant Studies, 17(3), 41-67.
106. Schneider, S. 1999. Agricultura familiar e industrialização no Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre: UFRGS Editora.
107. Schneider, S., M. Kunrath Silva and P.E. Moruzzi Marques. 2004. Polý́ticas públicas e participação social no Brasil rural. Porto Alegre: UFRGS Editora.
108. Schneider, S., et al. 2006. A pluriatividade e as condições de vida dis agricultores familiares do Rio Grande do Sul. In: S. Schneider, ed. A diversidade da agricultura familiar. Porto Alegre: UFRGS Editora, pp. 137-64.
109. Schrauwers, A. 1998. 'Let's party': state intervention, discursive traditionalism and the labour process of highland rice cultivators in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Journal of Peasant Studies, 25(3), 112-30.
110. Schulman, M.D., P.M. Garrett and B.A. Newman. 1989. Differentiation and survival among North Carolina smallholders: an empirical perspective on the Lenin-Chayanov debate. Journal of Peasant Studies, 16(4), 523-41.
111. Scott, J.C. 1985. Weapons of the weak: everyday forms of peasant resistance. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
112. Sender, J. and D. Johnston. 2004. Searching for a weapon of mass production in rural Africa: unconvincing arguments for land reform. Journal of Agrarian Change, 4(1&2), 142-64.
113. Sevilla Guzman, E. 2007. De la sociologí́a rural a la agroecologia. Barcelona: Ediciones Icaria.
114. Shanin, T. 1973. The nature and logic of the peasant economy, 1: a generalisation. Journal of Peasant Studies, 1(1), 63-80.
115. Shanin, T. 1974. The nature and logic of the peasant economy, ii: diversity and change; iii: policy and intervention. Journal of Peasant Studies, 1(2), 186-206.
116. Sherwood, S.G. 2009. Learning from Carchi: agricultural modernisation and the production of decline. PhD Thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen.
117. Slicher van Bath, B.H. 1978. Over boerenvrijheid. In: B.H. Slicher van Bath and A.C. van Oss. Geschiedenis van maatschappij en cultuur. Baarn: Basisboeken Ambo, pp. 71-92.
118. Small, L-A. 2007. East meets west: utilising western literature to conceptualise post-Soviet agrarian change. Journal of Peasant Studies, 34(1), 29-50.
119. Sonneveld, M.P.W. 2004. Impressions of interactions: land as a dynamic result of coproduction between man and nature. PhD Thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen.
120. Steenhuijsen Piters, B. de. 1995. Diversity offfelds and farmers: explaining yield variations in northern Cameroon. Agricultural University, Wageningen.
121. Thiesenhuisen, W.C. 1995. Broken promises: agrarian reform and the Latin American campesino. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
122. Toledo, V. 1992. La racionalidad ecologica de la produccion campesina. In: E. Sevilla Guzman and M. Gonzalez de Molina, eds. Ecologia, campesinado e historia. Madrid: Las Ediciones de la Piqueta, pp. 197-218.
123. Toledo, V. 2000. La Paz en Chiapas: ecología, luchas indígenas y modernidad alternativa. México: Ediciones Quinto Sol.
124. Valentini, D. 2006. La spesa? Si fa dal contadino. La Repubblica, Venerdi 20Gennaio 2006, IX.
125. Veldwisch, G.J. and M. Spoor. 2008. Contesting rural resources: emerging 'forms' of agrarian production in Uzbekistan. Journal of Peasant Studies, 35(3), 424-51.
126. Veltmeyer, H. 1997. New social movements in Latin America: the dynamics of class and identity. Journal of Peasant Studies, 25(1), 139-69.
127. Ventura, F. 1995. Styles of beef cattle breeding and resource use efficiency in Umbria. In: J.D. van der Ploeg and G. van Dijk, eds. Beyond modernization, the impact of endogenous rural development. Assen: Van Gorcum, pp. 219-32.
128. Ventura, F. 2001. Organizzarsi per Sopravvivere: un analisi neo-istituzionale dello sviluppo endogeno nellágricoltura Umbra. PhD Thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen.
129. Vernooy, R., et al. 1991. ¿Cómo vamos a sobrevivir nosotros? Aspectos de las pequeñas economías y autonomía de la Costa Caribe de Nicaragua. CIDCA-UCA, Blue fields.
130. Vondeling, A. 1948. De bedrijfsvergelijking in de landbouw. Veenman en Zonen, Wageningen.
131. Weis, T. 2007. The global food economy: the battle for the future of farming. London: Zed Books.
132. Wiskerke, J.S.C. 1992. Voortrekkers op Kwaeie Grond: een agrarisch sociologische analyse van de ontwikkeling van een Zeeuws akkerbouwbedrijf (1920-1990). Wageningen: LUW.
133. Wiskerke, J.S.C. 1997. Zeeuwse akkerbouw tussen verandering en continuiteit: en sociologische studie naar diversiteit in landbouwbeoefening, technologieontwikkeling en plattelandsvernieuwing. Studies van Landbouw en Platteland, 25, LUW, Wageningen.
134. Wiskerke, J.S.C. and J.D. van der Ploeg. 2004. Seeds of transition: essays on novelty production, niches and regimes in agriculture. Assen: Royal Van Gorcum.
135. Wit, C.T. de. 1992. Resource use efficiency in agriculture. Agricultural Systems, 40, 125-51.
136. Zhigang, L. and S. Song. 2007. Rural-urban migration and wage determination: the case of Tianjin, China. In: B.M. Fleisher, H. Li and S. Song, eds. Market development in China, spillovers, growth and inequality. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, pp. 209-21.
137. Zuiderwijk, A. 1998. Farming gently, farming fast: migration, incorporation and agricultural change in the Mandara mountains of northern Cameroon. Leiden: CLM.