Were environmental or demographic factors the driving force behind Middle Stone Age innovations in southern Africa?: Scientific correspondence

South African Journal of Science

Volumn 105, Issue 9-10, 2009, Pages 333-334

  Jackson, Sue ^a   Jacobs, Zenobia ^b   Roberts, Richard G ^b  

^a STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY   (South Africa)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WOLLONGONG   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARCHAEOLOGY; CLIMATE CHANGE; DEMOGRAPHIC HISTORY; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; GLACIAL HISTORY; ICE CORE; INNOVATION; MESOLITHIC;

SOUTHERN AFRICA;

EID: 75449092838     PISSN: 00382353     EISSN: 19967489     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Petit J. R., Jouzel J., Raynaud D., Barkov N. I., Barnola J-M., Basile I., Bender M., Chappellaz J., Davis M., Delaygue G., Delmotte M., Kotlyakov V. M., Legrand M., Lipenkov V. Y., Lorius C., Pépin L., Ritz C, Saltzman E. and Stievenard M. (1999). Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420 000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica. Nature 399, 429-136.
2. Parrenin F., Rémy F., Ritz C., Siegert M. J. and Jouzel J. (2004). New modeling of the Vostok ice flow line and implication for the glaciological chronology of the Vostokice core. J. Geophys. Res. 109, D20102, doi:10.1029/2004JD004561.
3. Watanabe O., Jouzel J., Johnsen S., Parrenin F., Shoji H. and Yoshida N. (2003). Homogeneous climate variability across East Antarctica over the past three glacial"cycles. Nature 422, 509-512.
4. EPICA Community Members (2006). One-to-one coupling of glacial climate variability in Greenland and Antarctica. Nature 444, 195-198.
5. Jouzel J., Masson-Delmotte V, Cattani O., Dreyfus G., Falourd S., Hoffmann G., Minster B., Nouet J., Barnola J. M., Chappellaz J., Fischer H., Gallet J. C, Johnsen S., Leuenberger M., Loulergue L., Luethi D., Oerter H., Parrenin F., Raisbeck G., Raynaud D., Schilt A., Schwander J., Selmo E., Souchez R., Spahni R., Stauffer B., Steffensen J. P, Stenni B., Stacker T. E, Tison J. L., Werner M. and Wolff E. W (2007). Orbital and millennial Antarctic climate variability over the past 800 000 years. Science 317, 793-796.
6. 2 and climate on millennial time scales during the last glacial period. Science 322, 83-85.
7. Huybers P (2009). Antarctica's orbital beat. Science 325, 1085-1086.
8. Jacobs Z., Roberts R. G., Galbraith R. F., Deacon H. J., Grün R., Mackay A., Mitchell P., Vogelsang R. and Wadley L. (2008). Ages for the Middle Stone Age of southern Africa: implications for human behavior and dispersal. Science 322, 733-735.
9. Jacobs Z. and Roberts R. G. (2008). Testing times: old and new chronologies for the Howieson's Poort and Still Bay industries in environmental context. S. Afr. Archaeci. Soc. Goodwin Ser. 10, 9-34.
10. Jacobs Z. and Roberts R. G. (2009). Catalysts for Stone Age innovations: what might have triggered two short-lived bursts of technological and behavioral innovation in southern Africa during the Middle Stone Age? Commun. Integr. Biol. 2, 191-193.
11. Jacobs Z. and Roberts R. G. (2009). Human history written in stone and blood. Am. Sci. 97, 302-309.
12. Jacobs Z., Wintle A. G., Duller G. A. T., Roberts R. G. and Wadley L. (2008). New ages for the post-Howiesons Poort, late and final Middle Stone Age at Sibudu, South Africa. J. Archaeol. Sci. 35, 1790-1807.
13. Thackeray J. E (2009). Chronology, climate and technological innovation associated with the Howieson's Poort and Still Bay industries in South Africa. S. Afr. J. Sci. 105, 90.
14. Tishkoff S. A., Gonder M. K., Henn B. M., Mortensen H., Knight A., Gignoux C., Fernandopulle N., Lema G., Nyambo T. B., Ramakrishnan U., Reed F. A. and Mountain J. L. (2007). History of click-speaking populations of Africa inferred from mtDNA and Y chromosome genetic variation. Mol. Biol Evol. 24, 2180-2195.
15. Quintana-Murci L., Quach H., Harmant C., Luca F, Massonnet B., Patin E., Sica L., Mouguiama-Daouda P, Comas D., Tzur S., Balanovsky O., Kidd K. K., Kidd J. R., van der Veen L., Hombert J-M., Gessain A., Verdu P, Froment A., Bahuchet S., Heyer E., Daussel J., Salas A. and Behar D. M. (2008). Maternal traces of deep common ancestry and asymmetric gene flow between Pygmy hunter-gatherers and Bantu-speaking farmers. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 105, 1596-1601.
16. Behar D. M., Villeins R., Soodyall H, Blue-Smith J., Pereira L., Metspalu E., Scozzari R., Makkan H., Tzur S., Comas D., Bertranpetit J., Quintana-Murci L., Tyler-Smith C., Wells R. S., Rosset S. and The Genographic Consortium (2008). The dawn of human matrilineal diversity. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 82, 1130 1140.
17. Atkinson Q. D., Gray R. D. and Drummond A. J. (2009). Bayesian coalescent inference of major human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup expansions in Africa. Proc. R. Soc. B 276, 367-373.
18. Shennan S. (2001). Demography and cultural innovation: a model and its implications for the emergence of modern human culture. Cambr. Archaeol. J. 11, 5-16.
19. Powell A., Shennan S. and Thomas M. G. (2009). Fate Pleistocene demography and the appearance of modern human behavior. Science 324, 1298-1301.