Measuring and modelling risk in a naturalistic setting

Journal of Risk Research

Volumn 7, Issue 7-8, 2004, Pages 789-810

  Kobbeltvedt, Therese ^a   Brun, Wibecke ^a   Laberg, Jon Christian ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN   (Norway)

Author keywords

Anticipated anxiousness; Risk exposure; Risk perception; Risk as feelings

Indexed keywords

DECISION MAKING; HAZARDS; MILITARY OPERATIONS; PROBABILITY; RISK MANAGEMENT; SECURITY SYSTEMS;

ANTICIPATED ANXIOUSNESS; RISK EXPOSURE; RISK-AS-FEELINGS;

RISK PERCEPTION;

EID: 7544221732     PISSN: 13669877     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/1366987042000304854     Document Type: Review

References (70)

1. Alhakami, A. and Slovic, P. (1994) A psychological study of the inverse relationship between perceived risk and perceived benefit, Risk Analysis 14, 1084-96.
2. Bache, M. and Hommelgaard, B. (1994) Danske FN Soldater: Oplevelser og Stressreactioner [Danish UN Soldiers: Experiences and Stress Reactions]. Copenhagen: Defence Center for Leadership.
3. Bargh, J. A. (1997) The automaticity of everyday life, in R. S. Wyer, Jr. (ed.) The Automaticity of Everyday Life: Advances in Social Cognition, pp. 1-61. Mahwah, NJ: Earlbaum.
4. Barke, R., Jenkins-Smith, H. and Slovic, P. (1997) Risk perception of men and woman scientists, Social Science Quarterly 78, 167-76.
5. Benthin, A., Slovic, P. and Severson, H. (1993) A psychometric study of adolescent risk perception, Journal of Adolescence 16, 153-68.
6. Bollen, K. A. (1989) Structural Equations with Latent Variables. New York: Wiley.
7. Brun, W. (1992) Cognitive components in risk perception: natural versus manmade risks, Journal of Behavioral Decision Making 5, 117-32.
8. Brun, W. (1994) Risk perception: main issues, approaches and findings, in G. Wright and P. Ayton (eds) Subjective probability, pp. 295-320. London: Wiley.
9. Byrne, B. (2001) Structural Equation Modeling with Amos. Basic Concepts, Applications and Programming. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum.
10. DeJoy, D. M. (1989) The optimism bias and traffic accident risk perception, Accident Analysis and Prevention 21, 333-40.
11. Dijker, A. J. and Koomen, W. (1996) Stereotyping and attitudinal effects under time pressure, European Journal of Social Psychology 26, 61-74.
12. Drottz-Sjöberg, B.-M. (1991) Perception of Risk. Studies of Risk Attitudes, Perceptions and Definitions. Stockhohn: Center for Risk Research.
13. Drottz-Sjöberg, B.-M. and Sjöberg, L. (1990) Risk perception and worries after the Chernobyl accident, Journal of Environmental Psychology 10, 135-49.
14. Engländer, T., Farago, K., Slovic, P. and Fischhoff, B. (1986) A comparative analysis of risk perception in Hungary and the United States. Social Behaviour 1, 55-66.
15. Finucane, M. L., Alhakami, A. Slovic, P. and Johnson, S. (2000a) The affect heuristic in judgements of risks and benefits, Journal of Behavioral Decision Making 13, 1-17.
16. Finucane, M. L., Slovic, P., Mertz, C. K., Flynn, J. and Scatterfield, T. (2000b) Gender, race and perceived risk: the 'white male' effect, Health, Risk and Society 2, 159-72.
17. Fischhoff, B., Slovic, P., Lichtenstein, S., Read, S. and Combs, B. (1978) How safe is safe enough? A psychometric study of attitudes towards technological risks and benefits, Policy Sciences 9, 127-52.
18. Flin, R., Mearns, K., Gordon, R. and Fleming, M. (1996) Risk perception by offshore workers on UK oil and gas platforms, Safety Science 22, 131-45.
19. Flynn, J., Slovic, P. and Mertz, C. K. (1994) Gender, race and perception of environmental health risks, Risk Analysis 14, 1101-8.
20. Funtowicz, S. O. and Ravetz, J. R. (1992) Three types of risk assessment and the emergence of post-normal science, in S. Krimsky and D. Golding (eds) Social Theories of Risk, pp. 251-74. Westport CT: Preager.
21. Goszczynska, M., Tyszka, T. and Slovic, P. (1991) Risk perception in Poland: a comparison with three other countries, Journal of Behavioral Decision Making 4, 179-93.
22. Greening, L. (1997) Risk perception following exposure to a job-related electrocution accident: the mediating role of perceived control, Acta Psychologica 95, 267-77.
23. Hammond, K. R. (2000) Judgments Under Stress. New York: Oxford University Press.
24. Harvey, N. (2002) Words from the president, The European Association for Decision Making (EADM) Bulletin, electronic newsletter posted to EADM members, archived at http://www.psy.uva.nl/ResEdu/EADM/home.html.
25. Hu, L.-T. and Bentler, P. M. (1999) Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives, Structural Equation Modelling: A Multidiciplinary Journal 6, 1-55.
26. Johansson, E. (1997) In a Blue Beret. Karlstad, Sweden: National Defence College.
27. Kahneman, D. and Frederick, S. (2002) Representativeness revisited: attribute substitution in intuitive judgement, in T. Gilowich, D. Griffin and D. Kahneman (eds) Heuristics and Biases. The Psychology of Intuitive Judgment, pp. 49-82. New York: Cambridge University Press.
28. Keown, C. F. (1989) Risk perceptions of Hong Kongese vs. Americans, Risk Analysis 9, 401-5.
29. Kouabenan, D. R. (2002) Occupation, driving experience, and risk and accident perception, Journal of Risk Research 5, 49-68.
30. Kraus, N., Malmfors T. and Slovic, P. (1992) Intuitive toxicology: expert and lay judgements of Chemical risks, Risk Analysis 12, 215-32.
31. Kraus, N. and Slovic, P. (1988) Taxonomic analysis of perceived risk: modeling individual and group perceptions within homogenous hazard domains, Risk Analysis 8, 435-55.
32. Krimsky, S. and Golding, D. (eds) (1992) Social Theories of Risk. Westport CT: Preager.
33. Laberg, J. C., Johnsen, B. H., Eid, J. and Brun, W. (2002) Mental Beredskap under Internasjonale Operasjoner. KFOR Undersøkelsen [Mental Readiness during International Operations. The Kosovo Force Research Project]. Report I. Bergen: The Royal Norwegian Naval Academy/University of Bergen.
34. Lawrence, L. A., Axelrod, J., McDaniels, T. and Slovic, P. (1999) Perceptions of ecological risk from natural hazards, Journal of Risk Research 2, 31-53.
35. Lerner, J. S., Roxana, M. G., Deborah, A. S. and Fischhoff, B. (2003) Effects of fear and anger on perceived risks of terrorism: a national field experiment, Psychological Science 14, 144-50.
36. Lipshitz, R., Klein, G., Orasasnu, J. and Salas, E. (2001) Taking stock of Naturalistic Decision Making. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making 14, 331-52.
37. Loewenstein, G., Weber, E. U., Hsee, C. K. and Welch, N. (2001) Risk as feelings, Psychological Bulletin 127, 267-86.
38. MacGregor, D. G., Slovic, P. and Morgan, M. G. (1994) Perceptions of risk from electromagnetic fields: a psychometric evaluation of a risk-communication approach, Risk Analysis 14, 815-28.
39. McDaniels, T., Axelrod, L. J. and Slovic, P. (1995) Characterising perception of ecological risk, Risk Analysis 15, 575-88.
40. Mertz, C. K., Slovic, P. and Purchase, F. H. (1998) Judgments of chemical risks: comparisons among senior managers, toxicologists, and the public, Risk Analysis 18, 391-404.
41. Moldjord, C., Fossum, L. and Holen, A. (2002) Stress and coping in the Norwegian helicopter wing in Bosnia - Leadership challenges, in P. Essens, A. Vogelaar, E. Tanercan and D. Winslow (eds) The Human in Command: Peace Support Operations, pp. 276-93. Amsterdam: Mets & Schilt.
42. Norman, E. (2002) Subcategories of "Fringe consciousness" and their related nonconscious contexts, Psyche 8, retrieved 16 October 2002 from http://psyche.cs.monash.edu.au/v8/psyche-8-15-norman.html.
43. Otway, H. (1992) Public wisdom, expert fallibility: toward a contextual theory of risk, in S. Krimsky and D. Golding (eds) Social Theories of Risk, pp. 215-28. Westport, CT: Preager.
44. Rogers, G. O. (1997) The dynamics of risk perception: How does perceived risk respond to risk events? Risk Analysis 17, 745-57.
45. Rundmo, T. (1996a) Associations between risk perception and safety, Safety Science 24, 197-209.
46. Rundmo, T. (1996b) Changes in risk perception among North Sea offshore personnel in the period 1990 to 1994, Safety Science 21, 205-21.
47. Rundmo, T. (2002) Associations between affect and risk perception, Journal of Risk Research 5, 119-35.
48. Rundmo, T. and Sjöberg, L. (1998) Risk perception by offshore oil personnel during bad weather conditions, Risk Analysis 8, 111-18.
49. Savage, I. (1993) Demographic influences on risk perceptions, Risk Analysis 13, 413-20.
50. Schwarz, N. (2000) Emotion, cognition and decision making, Cognition and Emotion 14(4), 433-40.
51. Sjöberg, L. (1998) Worry and risk perception, Risk Analysis 18, 85-93.
52. Sjöberg, L. (2002) The allegedly simple structure of experts' risk perception: an urban legend in risk research, Science, Technology and Human Values 27, 443-59.
53. Slovic, P. (1987) Perception of risk, Science 236, 280-85.
54. Slovic, P. (1992) Perceptions of risk: reflections on the psychometric paradigm, in S. Krimsky and D. Golding (eds) Social Theories of Risk, pp. 117-52. Westport, CT: Preager.
55. Slovic, P. (1999) Trust, emotions, sex, politics and science: surveying the risk-assessment battlefield, Risk Analysis 19(4), 689-701.
56. Slovic, P. (2000) The Perception of Risk. Risk society and policy series. London: Earthscan.
57. Slovic, P. (2001) The risk game, Journal of Hazardous Material 86, 17-24.
58. Slovic, P., Fischhoff, B. and Lichtenstein, S. (1979) Rating the risks, Environment 2, 14-20, 36-39.
59. Slovic, P., Fischhoff, B. and Lichtenstein, S. (1980) Facts and fears: understanding perceived risk, in R. C. Schwing and W. A. Albers, Jr. (eds) Societal Risk Assessment: How Safe is Safe Enough?, pp. 181-216. New York: Plenum.
60. Slovic, P., Fischhoff, B. and Lichtenstein, S. (1985) Characterising perceived risk, in R. W. Kates, C. Hohenemser and J. X. Kasperson (eds) Perilious Progress: Managing the Hazards of Technology, pp. 91-123. Boulder, CO: Westview.
61. Slovic, P., MacGregor, D. G. and Kraus, N. N. (1987) Perception of risk from automobile safety defects. Accident Analysis and Prevention 19, 359-73.
62. Slovic, P., Malmfors, T., Mertz, C. K., Neil, N. and Purchase, I. F. H. (1997) Evaluating chemical risks: results of a survey of the British Toxicology Society, Human and Experimental Toxicology 16, 289-304.
63. Solberg, O. A. (1997) FN-observatøren- "stressorer og reaksjoner hos norske FN-observaterer i det tidligere Jugoslavia", [UN observers: stress and reactions among Norwegian UN observers in the former Republic of Yoguslavia], Unpublished master's thesis, NTNU Trondheim, Norway.
64. Teigen, K. H., Brun, W. and Slovic, P. (1988) Societal risk as seen by a Norwegian public, Journal of Behavioral Decision Making 1, 111-30.
65. Twigger-Ross, C. L. and Breakwell, G. M. (1999) Relating risk experience, venturesomeness and risk perception, Journal of Risk Research 2, 73-78.
66. Västfjäll, D. (2002) Mood and preferences for anticipated emotion. Doctoral dissertation, Department of Psychology, Göteborg University, Sweden.
67. Weinstein, N. D. (1984) Why it won't happen to me: perceptions of risk factors and susceptibility, Health Psychology 3, 431-57.
68. von Winterfeldt, D. John, R. S. and Borcherding, K. (1981) Cognitive components of risk ratings, Risk Analysis 1, 277-88.
69. Wåhlberg, A. E. (2001) The theoretical features of some current approaches to risk Perception, Journal of Risk Research 4, 237-50.
70. Zajonc, R. B. (1997) Emotions. in D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske and G. Lindzey (eds) Handbook of Social Psychology, pp. 591-632. New York: Oxford University Press.