Efficient dye-sensitized solar cells using red turnip and purple wild Sicilian prickly pear fruits

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Volumn 11, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 254-267

  Calogero, Giuseppe ^a   Di Marco, Gaetano ^a   Cazzanti, Silvia ^b   Caramori, Stefano ^b   Argazzi, Roberto ^b   Di Carlo, Aldo ^c   Bignozzi, Carlo Alberto ^b  

^a CNR   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF FERRARA   (Italy)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ROME TOR VERGATA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Betalaine; Natural dyes; Opuntia; Red turnip; Solar cells; Solar energy

Indexed keywords

DYE; NATURAL PRODUCT; PHOTOSENSITIZING AGENT; PLANT EXTRACT; RUTHENIUM RED; TURNIP EXTRACT; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ARTICLE; ELECTRICITY; ENERGY CONSERVATION; FIG; IRRADIATION; NONHUMAN; OPUNTIA; PHOTOACTIVATION; PHOTOSENSITIVITY; SOLAR ENERGY; TURNIP; WILD PLANT; X RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY;

BETALAINE; NATURAL DYES; OPUNTIA; RED TURNIP; SOLAR CELLS; SOLAR ENERGY;

BRASSICA NAPUS; COLORING AGENTS; FRUIT; MOLECULAR STRUCTURE; PHOTOCHEMICAL PROCESSES; PLANT EXTRACTS; PYRUS; SOLAR ENERGY; THERMODYNAMICS;

BOUGAINVILLEA; BRASSICA RAPA SUBSP. RAPA; OPUNTIA;

EID: 75349104645     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14220067     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/ijms11010254     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Liska, P.; Vlachoupoulos, N.; Nazeeruddin, M.K.; Comte, P.; Graetzel, M. cis-Diaquabis(2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylate)ruthenium(II) sensitizes wide band gap oxide semiconductors very efficiently over a broad spectral range in the visible. J. Am. Chem. Soc 1988, 110, 3686-3687.
2. 2 films. Nature 1991, 353, 737-740.
3. Graetzel, M. Solar energy conversion by dye sensitized photovoltaic cells. Inorg. Chem. 2005, 44, 6841-6851.
4. 2 films by an unsymmetrical squaraine dye. J. Am. Chem. Soc 2007, 129, 10320-10321.
5. Campbell, W.M.; Jolley, K.W.; Wagner, P.; Wagner, K.; Walsh, P.J.; Gordon, K.C.; Schmidt-Mende, L.; Nazeeruddin, M.K.; Wang, Q.; Graetzel, M.; Officer, D.L. Highly efficient porphyrin sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells. J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 11760-11762.
6. Nazeeruddin, M.K.; Kay, A.; Rodicio, I.; Humphry-Baker, R.; Mueller, E.; Liska, P.; Vlachopoulos, N.; Graetzel, M. Conversion of light to electricity by cis-X2bis(2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylate)ruthenium(II) charge-transfer sensitizers (X = Cl-, Br-, I-, CN-, and SCN-) on nanocrystalline titanium dioxide electrodes. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 6382-6390.
7. 2-based solar cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 1613-1624.
8. Wang, P.; Klein, C.; Humphry-Baker, R.; Zakeeruddin, S.H.; Graetzel, M.A High Molar extinction coefficient sensitizer for stable dye-sensitized Solar Cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 808-809.
9. Argazzi, R.; Larramona, G.; Contado, C.; Bignozzi, C.A. Preparation and photoelectrochemical characterization of a red sensitive osmium complex containing 4,4′,4″-tricarboxy-2,2′:6′,2″- terpyridine and cyanide ligands. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chemistry 2004, 164, 15-21.
10. Altobello, S.; Argazzi, R.; Caramori, S.; Contado, C.; Da Fre, S.; Rubino, P.; Chone, C.; Larramona, G.; ; Bignozzi, C.A. Sensitization of nanocrystalline tio2 with black absorbers based on os and ru polypyridine complexes. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 15342-15343.
11. Sarto Polo, A.; Murakami Iha, N.Y.; Itokazu, M.K. Metal complex sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2004, 248, 1343-1361.
12. Fernando, J.M.R.C.; Sendeera, G.K.R. Natural anthocyanins as photosensitizers for dye-sensitized solar devices. Res. Comm. Current. Sci. 2008, 95, 663-666.
13. Lai, H.W.; Su, Y.H.; Teoh, L.G.; Hon, M.H. Commercial and natural dyes as photosensitizers for a water-based dye-sensitized solar cell loaded with gold nanoparticles. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chemistry 2008, 195, 307-313.
14. 2 photoanode sensitized with the flower pigment cyanidin. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem. 1997, 108, 193-195.
15. 2 nanocrystalline electrode. J. Phys. Chem. B 1997, 101, 9342-9351.
16. 2 films by anthocyanin dyes. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chemistry 2002, 148, 17-24.
17. Sarto Polo, A.; Murakami Iha, N.Y. Blue sensitizers for solar cells: Natural dyes from Calafate and Jaboticaba. Sol. Energ. Mat. Sol. Cel. 2006, 90, 1936-1944.
18. Calogero, G.; Di Marco, G. Red Sicilian orange and purple eggplant fruits as natural sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells. Sol. Energ. Mat. Sol. Cel. 2008, 92, 1341-1346.
19. Calogero, G.; Di Marco, G. Photoelectrochemical solar cell comprising sensitizing anthocyanin and betalain dyes of vegetal or synthetic origin, or mixtures thereof. International patent n°PCT/IT2009/000468, 2008.
20. 2 nanocrystalline mesoporous electrode. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chemistry 2000, 130, 49-56.
21. Zhang, D.; Lanier, S.M.; Downing, J.A.; Avent, J.L.; Lum, J.; McHale, J.L. Betalain pigments for dye-sensitized solar cells. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem. 2008, 195, 72-80.
22. Tesoriere, L.; Allegra, M.; Butera, D.; Livrea, M.A. Absorption, excretion, and distribution of dietary antioxidant betalains in LDLs: potential health effects of betalains in humans. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2004, 80, 941-945.
23. Nazeeruddin, M.K.; Zakeeruddin, S.M.; Humphry-Baker, R.; Jirousek, M.; Liska, P.; Vlachoupoulos, N.; Shklover, V.; Fischer, C.-H.; Graetzel, M. Acid-Base equilibria of (2,2′-Bipyridyl-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid)ruthenium(II) complexes and the effect of protonation on charge-transfer sensitization of nanocrystalline titania. Inorg. Chem. 1999, 38, 6298-6305.
24. Castellar, R.; Obon, J.M.; Alacid, M.; Fernandez-lopez, J.A. Color properties and stability of betacyanins from opuntia fruits. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2003, 51, 2772-2776.
25. 2 solar cell using bis-phosphonated bipyridine ligands (L). Inorg. Chem. 2003, 42, 6655-6666.
26. Quin, C.; Clark, A.E. DFT characterization of the optical and redox properties of natural pigments relevant to dye-sensitized solar cells. Chem. Phys. Lett. 2007, 438, 26-30.
27. 2 nanocrystalline films with ascorbic acid. J. Photochem. Photobiol. 2000, 132, 115-120.
28. 2 compact layer in dye-sensitized solar cells incorporating "planar" organic dyes. Nano Lett. 2008, 977-981.
29. Pedreno, M.A.; Escribano, J. Correlation between antiradical activity and stability of betanine from Beta vulgaris L roots under different pH, temperature and light conditions. J. Sci. Food. Agric. 2001, 81, 627-631.
30. Calogero, G.; Di Marco, G.; Cazzanti, S.; Caramori, S.; Argazzi, R.; Bignozzi, C.A. Natural dye sensitizers for photoelectrochemical cells. Energ. Environ. Sci. 2009, 2, 1162-1172.