메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 259, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 1151-1160

The influence of cutting cycle and stocking level on the structure and composition of managed old-growth northern hardwoods

Author keywords

Diameter distributions; Downed woody debris; Northern hardwoods; Old growth; Single tree selection; Stocking level; Uneven aged management

Indexed keywords

DIAMETER DISTRIBUTIONS; DOWNED WOODY DEBRIS; NORTHERN HARDWOODS; OLD GROWTH; TREE SELECTION; UNEVEN-AGED MANAGEMENT;

EID: 75349093038     PISSN: 03781127     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.01.001     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (46)

References (53)
  • 1
    • 0001123155 scopus 로고
    • Optimizing the management of uneven-aged forest stands
    • Adams D.M., and Ek A.R. Optimizing the management of uneven-aged forest stands. Can. J. For. Res. 4 (1974) 274-287
    • (1974) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.4 , pp. 274-287
    • Adams, D.M.1    Ek, A.R.2
  • 2
    • 26244434394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing composition and structure in old-growth and harvested (selection and diameter-limit cuts) northern hardwood stands in Quebec
    • Angers V.A., Messier C., Beaudet M., and Leduc A. Comparing composition and structure in old-growth and harvested (selection and diameter-limit cuts) northern hardwood stands in Quebec. For. Ecol. Manage. 217 (2005) 275-293
    • (2005) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.217 , pp. 275-293
    • Angers, V.A.1    Messier, C.2    Beaudet, M.3    Leduc, A.4
  • 3
    • 75349092338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arbogast, C., 1957. Marking guides for northern hardwoods under the selection system. U.S. For. Serv. Stat. Pap. 56. v. Lake States Forest Experiment Station, St. Paul, MN, 20 p.
    • Arbogast, C., 1957. Marking guides for northern hardwoods under the selection system. U.S. For. Serv. Stat. Pap. 56. v. Lake States Forest Experiment Station, St. Paul, MN, 20 p.
  • 5
    • 0021556740 scopus 로고
    • Influence of microtopography and canopy species on spatial patterns of forest understory plants
    • Beatty S.W. Influence of microtopography and canopy species on spatial patterns of forest understory plants. J. Ecol. 65 (1984) 1406-1419
    • (1984) J. Ecol. , vol.65 , pp. 1406-1419
    • Beatty, S.W.1
  • 6
    • 0021614195 scopus 로고
    • Catastrophic windthrow in the presettlement forests of Wisconsin
    • Canham C.D., and Loucks O.L. Catastrophic windthrow in the presettlement forests of Wisconsin. J. Ecol. 65 (1984) 803-809
    • (1984) J. Ecol. , vol.65 , pp. 803-809
    • Canham, C.D.1    Loucks, O.L.2
  • 7
    • 0036179165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of management on the composition and structure of northern hardwood forests in Upper Michigan
    • Crow T.R., Buckley D.S., Nauertz E.A., and Zasada J.C. Effects of management on the composition and structure of northern hardwood forests in Upper Michigan. For. Sci. 48 (2002) 129-145
    • (2002) For. Sci. , vol.48 , pp. 129-145
    • Crow, T.R.1    Buckley, D.S.2    Nauertz, E.A.3    Zasada, J.C.4
  • 8
    • 75349104657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crow, T.R., Tubbs, C.H., Jacobs, R.D., Oberg, R.R., 1981. Stocking and structure for maximum growth in sugar maple selection stands. U.S. For. Serv. Res. Pap. NC-199.
    • Crow, T.R., Tubbs, C.H., Jacobs, R.D., Oberg, R.R., 1981. Stocking and structure for maximum growth in sugar maple selection stands. U.S. For. Serv. Res. Pap. NC-199.
  • 10
    • 0002550897 scopus 로고
    • Douglas-fir rotations-time for a reappraisal?
    • Curtis R.O., and Marshall D.D. Douglas-fir rotations-time for a reappraisal?. West J. Appl. For. 8 (1993) 81-85
    • (1993) West J. Appl. For. , vol.8 , pp. 81-85
    • Curtis, R.O.1    Marshall, D.D.2
  • 12
    • 0001036730 scopus 로고
    • Societe forestiere de franche-Comte et Belfort
    • De l'amenagement des sapinieres. English translation: () On the amelioration of fir forests, translated by, juillet, pp
    • de Liocourt, F., 1898. De l'amenagement des sapinieres. English translation: (2001) On the amelioration of fir forests, translated by Maria Nygren. Bulletin trimestriel, Societe forestiere de franche-Comte et Belfort, juillet, pp. 396-409.
    • (1898) Bulletin trimestriel , pp. 396-409
    • de Liocourt, F.1
  • 13
    • 0007500853 scopus 로고
    • Partial cuttings in northern hardwoods of the Lake States: twenty-year experimental results
    • US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Lake States Forest Experiment Station, Broomall, PA 124 p.
    • Eyre F.H., and Zillgitt W.M. Partial cuttings in northern hardwoods of the Lake States: twenty-year experimental results. U.S For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Bulletin LS-1076 (1953), US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Lake States Forest Experiment Station, Broomall, PA 124 p.
    • (1953) U.S For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Bulletin LS-1076
    • Eyre, F.H.1    Zillgitt, W.M.2
  • 14
    • 0002610565 scopus 로고
    • Toward a new forestry
    • Franklin J.F. Toward a new forestry. Am. For. 95 (1989) 37-44
    • (1989) Am. For. , vol.95 , pp. 37-44
    • Franklin, J.F.1
  • 15
    • 58849106178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural disturbance and stand development principles for ecological forestry. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, For. Serv., Northern Research Station. Gen
    • Tech. Rep. NRS-19
    • Franklin, J.F., Mitchell, R.J., Palik, B., 2007. Natural disturbance and stand development principles for ecological forestry. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, For. Serv., Northern Research Station. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-19.
    • (2007)
    • Franklin, J.F.1    Mitchell, R.J.2    Palik, B.3
  • 16
    • 0036998762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of coarse woody debris following gap harvesting in the Acadian forest of central Maine, U.S.A.
    • Fraver S., Wagner R.G., and Day M. Dynamics of coarse woody debris following gap harvesting in the Acadian forest of central Maine, U.S.A. Can. J. For. Res. 32 (2002) 2094-2105
    • (2002) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.32 , pp. 2094-2105
    • Fraver, S.1    Wagner, R.G.2    Day, M.3
  • 17
    • 0028993590 scopus 로고
    • Old forest in the Lake States today and before European settlement
    • Frelich L.E. Old forest in the Lake States today and before European settlement. Natural Areas J. 15 (1995) 157-167
    • (1995) Natural Areas J. , vol.15 , pp. 157-167
    • Frelich, L.E.1
  • 18
    • 0026005385 scopus 로고
    • Natural disturbance regimes in Hemlock-Hardwood forests of the Upper Great Lakes Region
    • Frelich L.E., and Lorimer C.G. Natural disturbance regimes in Hemlock-Hardwood forests of the Upper Great Lakes Region. Ecol. Monogr. 61 (1991) 145-164
    • (1991) Ecol. Monogr. , vol.61 , pp. 145-164
    • Frelich, L.E.1    Lorimer, C.G.2
  • 19
    • 0002429465 scopus 로고
    • Canopy-understory interaction effects on forest population structure
    • Goff F.G., and West D. Canopy-understory interaction effects on forest population structure. For. Sci. 21 (1975) 98-108
    • (1975) For. Sci. , vol.21 , pp. 98-108
    • Goff, F.G.1    West, D.2
  • 20
    • 0031825174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cavity trees and coarse woody debris in old-growth and managed northern hardwood forests in Wisconsin and Michigan
    • Goodburn J.M., and Lorimer C.G. Cavity trees and coarse woody debris in old-growth and managed northern hardwood forests in Wisconsin and Michigan. Can. J. For. Res. 28 (1998) 427-438
    • (1998) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.28 , pp. 427-438
    • Goodburn, J.M.1    Lorimer, C.G.2
  • 21
    • 0033553793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population structure in old-growth and managed northern hardwoods: an examination of the balanced diameter distribution concept
    • Goodburn J.M., and Lorimer C.G. Population structure in old-growth and managed northern hardwoods: an examination of the balanced diameter distribution concept. For. Ecol. Manage. 118 (1999) 11-29
    • (1999) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.118 , pp. 11-29
    • Goodburn, J.M.1    Lorimer, C.G.2
  • 22
    • 34848830957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forest structure and light regimes following moderate wind storms: implications for multi-cohort management
    • Hanson J.J., and Lorimer C.G. Forest structure and light regimes following moderate wind storms: implications for multi-cohort management. Ecol. Appl. 17 (2007) 1325-1340
    • (2007) Ecol. Appl. , vol.17 , pp. 1325-1340
    • Hanson, J.J.1    Lorimer, C.G.2
  • 24
    • 75349093062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial scale and stand structure in northern hardwood forests: implications for quantifying diameter distributions
    • Janowiak M.K., Nagel L.M., and Webster C.R. Spatial scale and stand structure in northern hardwood forests: implications for quantifying diameter distributions. For. Sci. 54 (2008) 497-506
    • (2008) For. Sci. , vol.54 , pp. 497-506
    • Janowiak, M.K.1    Nagel, L.M.2    Webster, C.R.3
  • 25
    • 33749526658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Managing for late-successional/old-growth characteristics in northern hardwood-conifer forests
    • Keeton W.S. Managing for late-successional/old-growth characteristics in northern hardwood-conifer forests. For. Ecol. Manage. 235 (2006) 129-142
    • (2006) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.235 , pp. 129-142
    • Keeton, W.S.1
  • 26
    • 34548575510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cavity trees, snags, and selection cutting: a northern hardwood case study
    • Kenefic L.S., and Nyland R.D. Cavity trees, snags, and selection cutting: a northern hardwood case study. North. J. Appl. For. 24 (2007) 192-197
    • (2007) North. J. Appl. For. , vol.24 , pp. 192-197
    • Kenefic, L.S.1    Nyland, R.D.2
  • 27
    • 0003009034 scopus 로고
    • An expression of diameter distribution for unbalanced, uneven-aged stands and forests
    • Leak W.B. An expression of diameter distribution for unbalanced, uneven-aged stands and forests. For. Sci. 10 (1964) 39-50
    • (1964) For. Sci. , vol.10 , pp. 39-50
    • Leak, W.B.1
  • 28
    • 0029811996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term structural change in uneven-aged northern hardwoods
    • Leak W.B. Long-term structural change in uneven-aged northern hardwoods. For. Sci. 42 (1996) 160-165
    • (1996) For. Sci. , vol.42 , pp. 160-165
    • Leak, W.B.1
  • 29
    • 75349099453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leak, W.B., 2002. Origin of sigmoid diameter distributions. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, For. Serv., Northern Research Station. Res. Pap. NE-718.
    • Leak, W.B., 2002. Origin of sigmoid diameter distributions. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, For. Serv., Northern Research Station. Res. Pap. NE-718.
  • 30
    • 4644240987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in species, grade, and structure over 48 years in a managed New England northern hardwood stand
    • Leak W.B., and Sendak P.E. Changes in species, grade, and structure over 48 years in a managed New England northern hardwood stand. North. J. Appl. For. 19 (2002) 25-27
    • (2002) North. J. Appl. For. , vol.19 , pp. 25-27
    • Leak, W.B.1    Sendak, P.E.2
  • 32
    • 0000465564 scopus 로고
    • A simulation of equilibrium diameter distributions of sugar maple (Acer saccharum)
    • Lorimer C.G., and Frelich L.E. A simulation of equilibrium diameter distributions of sugar maple (Acer saccharum). Bullet. Torrey Bot. Club (1984) 193-199
    • (1984) Bullet. Torrey Bot. Club , pp. 193-199
    • Lorimer, C.G.1    Frelich, L.E.2
  • 34
    • 26444535648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forest and woodland stand structural complexity: its definition and measurement
    • McElhinny C., Gibbons P., Brack C., and Bauhus J. Forest and woodland stand structural complexity: its definition and measurement. For. Ecol. Manage. 218 (2005) 1-24
    • (2005) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.218 , pp. 1-24
    • McElhinny, C.1    Gibbons, P.2    Brack, C.3    Bauhus, J.4
  • 35
    • 0032726107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural characteristics of old-growth, maturing, and partially cut northern hardwood forests
    • McGee G.G., Leopold D.J., and Nyland R.D. Structural characteristics of old-growth, maturing, and partially cut northern hardwood forests. Ecol. Appl. 9 (1999) 1316-1329
    • (1999) Ecol. Appl. , vol.9 , pp. 1316-1329
    • McGee, G.G.1    Leopold, D.J.2    Nyland, R.D.3
  • 36
    • 0002890572 scopus 로고
    • Structure, growth, and drain in balanced uneven-aged forests
    • Meyer H.A. Structure, growth, and drain in balanced uneven-aged forests. J. For. 52 (1952) 85-92
    • (1952) J. For. , vol.52 , pp. 85-92
    • Meyer, H.A.1
  • 37
    • 34547898352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stand structure and composition in a northern hardwood forest after 40 years of single-tree selection
    • Neuendorff J.K., Nagel L.M., Webster C.R., and Janowiak M.K. Stand structure and composition in a northern hardwood forest after 40 years of single-tree selection. North. J. Appl. For. 24 (2007) 197-202
    • (2007) North. J. Appl. For. , vol.24 , pp. 197-202
    • Neuendorff, J.K.1    Nagel, L.M.2    Webster, C.R.3    Janowiak, M.K.4
  • 38
    • 34248375368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NRCS, Soil Survey Staff, Natural Resources Conservation Service, USDA. Available online at, accessed May 14, 2009
    • NRCS, 2009. Web Soil Survey. Soil Survey Staff, Natural Resources Conservation Service, USDA. Available online at http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/ (accessed May 14, 2009).
    • (2009) Web Soil Survey
  • 39
    • 84896551930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection system in northern hardwoods
    • Nyland R.D. Selection system in northern hardwoods. J. For. 96 (1998) 18-21
    • (1998) J. For. , vol.96 , pp. 18-21
    • Nyland, R.D.1
  • 41
    • 84896551598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silviculture for structural diversity: a new look at multiaged systems
    • O'Hara K.L. Silviculture for structural diversity: a new look at multiaged systems. J. For. 96 (1998) 4-10
    • (1998) J. For. , vol.96 , pp. 4-10
    • O'Hara, K.L.1
  • 42
    • 0020870946 scopus 로고
    • Treefall pits and mounds, buried seeds, and the importance of soil disturbance to pioneer trees on Barro Colorado Island, Panama
    • Putz F.E. Treefall pits and mounds, buried seeds, and the importance of soil disturbance to pioneer trees on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. J. Ecol. (1983) 1069-1074
    • (1983) J. Ecol. , pp. 1069-1074
    • Putz, F.E.1
  • 43
    • 0020461658 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of disturbance in some old-growth mesic forests of eastern North America
    • Runkle J.R. Patterns of disturbance in some old-growth mesic forests of eastern North America. J. Ecol. (1982) 1533-1546
    • (1982) J. Ecol. , pp. 1533-1546
    • Runkle, J.R.1
  • 44
    • 0000030588 scopus 로고
    • Size-class structure of old-growth forests in Indiana
    • Schmelz D.V., and Lindsey A.A. Size-class structure of old-growth forests in Indiana. For. Sci. 11 (1965) 258-264
    • (1965) For. Sci. , vol.11 , pp. 258-264
    • Schmelz, D.V.1    Lindsey, A.A.2
  • 45
    • 19544392874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of uneven-aged management on diameter distribution and species composition of northern hardwoods in Upper Michigan
    • Schwartz J.W., Nagel L.M., and Webster C.R. Effects of uneven-aged management on diameter distribution and species composition of northern hardwoods in Upper Michigan. For. Ecol. Manage. 211 (2005) 356-370
    • (2005) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.211 , pp. 356-370
    • Schwartz, J.W.1    Nagel, L.M.2    Webster, C.R.3
  • 47
    • 0028176247 scopus 로고
    • Structural characteristics of old-growth hemlock-hardwood forests in relation to age
    • Tyrrell L.E., and Crow T.R. Structural characteristics of old-growth hemlock-hardwood forests in relation to age. J. Ecol. (1994) 370-386
    • (1994) J. Ecol. , pp. 370-386
    • Tyrrell, L.E.1    Crow, T.R.2
  • 48
    • 0028164285 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of dead wood in old-growth hemlock-hardwood forests of northern Wisconsin and northern Michigan
    • Tyrrell L.E., and Crow T.R. Dynamics of dead wood in old-growth hemlock-hardwood forests of northern Wisconsin and northern Michigan. Can. J. For. Res. 24 (1994) 1672-1683
    • (1994) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.24 , pp. 1672-1683
    • Tyrrell, L.E.1    Crow, T.R.2
  • 49
    • 0002379762 scopus 로고
    • The line intersect method in forest fuel sampling
    • Van Wagner C.E. The line intersect method in forest fuel sampling. For. Sci. 14 (1968) 20-26
    • (1968) For. Sci. , vol.14 , pp. 20-26
    • Van Wagner, C.E.1
  • 50
    • 55549084561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrasting downed woody debris dynamics in managed and unmanaged northern hardwood stands
    • Vanderwel M.C., Thorpe H.C., Shuter J.L., Caspersen J.P., and Thomas S.C. Contrasting downed woody debris dynamics in managed and unmanaged northern hardwood stands. Can. J. For. Res. 38 (2008) 2850-2861
    • (2008) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.38 , pp. 2850-2861
    • Vanderwel, M.C.1    Thorpe, H.C.2    Shuter, J.L.3    Caspersen, J.P.4    Thomas, S.C.5
  • 51
    • 22144436969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minimum opening sizes for canopy recruitment of midtolerant tree species: a retrospective approach
    • Webster C.R., and Lorimer C.G. Minimum opening sizes for canopy recruitment of midtolerant tree species: a retrospective approach. Ecol. Appl. 15 (2005) 1245-1262
    • (2005) Ecol. Appl. , vol.15 , pp. 1245-1262
    • Webster, C.R.1    Lorimer, C.G.2
  • 52
    • 0033974298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics in late-successional Hemlock-Hardwood forests over three decades
    • Woods K.D. Dynamics in late-successional Hemlock-Hardwood forests over three decades. J. Ecol. 81 (2000) 110-126
    • (2000) J. Ecol. , vol.81 , pp. 110-126
    • Woods, K.D.1
  • 53
    • 2642524685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intermediate disturbance in a late-successional hemlock-northern hardwood forest
    • Woods K.D. Intermediate disturbance in a late-successional hemlock-northern hardwood forest. J. Ecol. 92 (2004) 464-476
    • (2004) J. Ecol. , vol.92 , pp. 464-476
    • Woods, K.D.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.