Reviving the conversation around CPR/DNR

American Journal of Bioethics

Volumn 10, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 61-67

  Bishop, Jeffrey P ^a   Brothers, Kyle B ^a   Perry, Joshua E ^a   Ahmad, Ayesha ^b  

^a VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PLYMOUTH   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation; Do not resuscitate orders; Futility; Presumed consent

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CLINICAL PRACTICE; DECISION MAKING; EMERGENCY HEALTH SERVICE; ETHICS; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HISTORY; HOSPITAL; HUMAN; INFORMED CONSENT; INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION; LEGAL ASPECT; MEDICAL ETHICS; PATERNALISM; PATIENT PARTICIPATION; POLICY; PROGNOSIS; PUBLIC OPINION; RESUSCITATION; STANDARD; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UNITED KINGDOM; UNITED STATES;

ADVANCED CARDIAC LIFE SUPPORT; CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION; CHOICE BEHAVIOR; COMMUNICATION; EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES; ETHICS, MEDICAL; GREAT BRITAIN; HEALTH POLICY; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HISTORY, 21ST CENTURY; HOSPITALS; HUMANS; MEDICAL FUTILITY; NEW YORK; ORGANIZATIONAL POLICY; PATERNALISM; PATIENT PARTICIPATION; PHYSICIAN'S PRACTICE PATTERNS; PRESUMED CONSENT; PROGNOSIS; PUBLIC OPINION; RESUSCITATION ORDERS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UNITED STATES;

EID: 75149124306     PISSN: 15265161     EISSN: 15360075     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/15265160903469328     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Annas, G. J. 1982a. CPR: The beat goes on. Hastings Center Report 12(4): 24-25.
2. Annas, G. J. 1982b. CPR: When the beat should stop. Hastings Center Report 12(5): 30-31.
3. Baker, R. 1995. The 1988 DNR reforms: A comparative study of the impact of the New York DNR law and the JCAHO accreditation requirements. In Legislating medical ethics: A study of the New York State do-not-resuscitate law, ed. R. Baker, M. A. Strosberg, and J. Bynum, 263-302. Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic.
4. Birtwistle, J., and A. Nielsen. 1998. Do not resuscitate: An ethical dilemma for the decision-maker. British Journal of Nursing 7(9): 543-549.
5. Blackhall, L. J. 1987. Must we always use CPR? New England Journal of Medicine 317(20): 1281-1285.
6. Boozang, K. M. 1993. Death wish: Resuscitating self-determination for the critically ill. Arizona Law Review 35(1): 23.
7. Bryan v. Rectors of the University of Virginia. 1996. 3rd Circuit.
8. Callahan, D. 2000. The troubled dream of life: In search of peaceful death. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
9. Carson, R. A., and M. Siegler. 1982. Does 'doing everything' include CPR? Hastings Center Report 12(5): 27-29.
10. Decisions Relating to Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation-A Statement from the BMA and RCN in Associated with the Resuscitation Council UK. 1993. London: British Medical Association and Royal College of Nursing.
11. General Medical Council. 2002. GMC Guidance on withholding and withdrawing life-prolonging treatments: Good practice in decision- making. Available at: http://www.gmc-uk.org/guidance/current/library/witholdinglifeprolonging guidance.asp# Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, accessed August 8, 2007.
12. Gorovitz, S., and A. MacIntyre. 1975. Toward a theory of medical fallibility. Hastings Center Report 5(6): 13-23.
13. Hayward, M. 1999. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Are practitioners being realistic? British Journal of Nursing 8(12): 810-814.
14. Helft, P. R., M. Siegler, and J. Lantos. 2000. The rise and fall of the futility movement. New England Journal of Medicine 343(4): 293-296.
15. Hofmann, P. B., and L. J. Schneiderman. 2007. Physicians should not always pursue a good "clinical" outcome. Hastings Center Report 37(3): inside back cover.
16. Holzapfel, L., G. Demingeon, B. Piralla, L. Biot, and B. Nallet. 2002. A four-step protocol for limitation of treatment in terminal care. An observational study in 475 intensive care unit patients. Intensive Care Medicine 28(9): 1309-1315.
17. Jecker, N. S. 2007. Medical futility: A paradigm analysis. HEC Forum 19(1): 13-32.
18. Jonsen, A. R. 1998. The birth of bioethics. New York: Oxford Univer- sity Press.
19. Jude, J. R., W. B. Kouwenhoven, and G. G. Knickerbocker. 1961a. Cardiac arrest. Report of application of external cardiac massage on 118 patients. Journal of the American Medical Association 178: 1063-1070.
20. Jude, J. R., W. B. Kouwenhoven, and G. G. Knickerbocker. 1961b. A new approach to cardiac resuscitation. Annals of Surgery 154(3): 311.
21. Kamer, R. S., and J. A. McClung. 1995. New York's do-not-resuscitate law: Burden or Benefit? In Legislating medical ethics: A study of the New York State do-not-resuscitate law, ed. R. Baker, M. A. Strosberg, and J. Bynum, 227-234. Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic.
22. Kouwenhoven, W. B., J. R. Jude, and G. G. Knickerbocker. 1960. Closed-chest cardiac massage. Journal of the American Medical Association 173: 1064-1067.
23. Kouwenhoven, W. B., and J. H. Kay. 1951. A simple electrical apparatus for the clinical treatment of ventricular fibrillation. Surgery 30(5): 781-786.
24. Layson, R. T., and T. McConnell. 1996. Must consent always be obtained for a do-not-resuscitate order? Archives of Internal Medicine 156(22): 2617-2620.
25. M.D. Code Ann. 2009. Health-Gen. 5-611 Law.
26. McArdle, E. F. 2002. New York's do-not-resuscitate law: Ground-breaking protection of patient autonomy or a physician's right to make medical futility determinations? DePaul Journal of Health Care Law 6(1): 55-82.
27. McGrath, R. B. 1987. In-house cardiopulmonary resuscitation-After a quarter of a century. Annals of Emergency Medicine 16(12): 1365-1368.
28. Mohindra, R. K. 2007. Medical futility: A conceptual model. Journal of Medical Ethics 33(2): 71-75.
29. Moore,P.2007.End-of-lifequandaryinneedofastatutoryresponse: When patients demand life-sustaining treatment that physicians are unwilling to provide. Boston College Law Review 48: 433-470.
30. Muller, J. H. 1992. Shades of blue: The negotiation of limited codes by medical residents. Social Science & Medicine 34(8): 885-898.
31. N.Y. Public Health Law. April 1, 1998. Art. 29-B, Section 2960.
32. N.Y. Public Health Law. 2009. Art. 29-B, Section 2962.
33. Pope, T. M. 2007. Medical futility statutes: No safe harbor to unilaterally refuse life-sustaining treatment. Tennessee Law Review 75(1): 1-81.
34. Rabkin, M. T., G. Gillerman, and N. R. Rice. 1976. Orders not to resuscitate. New England Journal of Medicine 295(7): 364-366.
35. Sabatino, C. P. 1999. Survey of state EMS-DNR laws and protocols. Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 27(4): 297-315.
36. Sandroni, C., J. Nolan, F. Cavallaro, and M. Antonelli. 2007. In- hospital cardiac arrest: Incidence, prognosis and possible measures to improve survival. Intensive Care Medicine 33(2): 237-245.
37. Skrifvars, M. B., M. Castren, J. Nurmi, A. B. Thoren, S. Aune, and J. Herlitz. 2007. Do patient characteristics or factors at resuscitation influence long-term outcome in patients surviving to be discharged following in-hospital cardiac arrest? Journal of Internal Medicine 262(4): 488-495.
38. Slosar, J. P. 2007. Medical futility in the post-modern context. HEC Forum 19(1): 67-82.
39. Smith, G.P.II.2000.Euphemisticcodesandtell-talehearts:Humane assistance in end-of-life cases. Health Matrix: Journal of Law-Medicine 10: 175-203.
40. Spitzer, E. 2003. New York Attorney General opinion no. 2003-F1.
41. Stewart, K., A. Wagg, and M. Kinirons. 1994. Does audit improve DNR decision making? Journal of the Royal College of Physicians, London 28(4): 318-321.
42. Tex. Health & Safety Code Ann. 2003. Section 166.052.
43. Tomlinson, T., and H. Brody. 1990. Futility and the ethics of resuscitation. Journal of the American Medical Association 264(10): 1276-1280.
44. V.A. Code Ann. 2000. Section 54.1.2990.
45. Wilder, R. J., J. R. Jude, W. B. Kouwenhoven, and M. C. McMahon. 1964. Of 153 attempted-Cardiopulmonary resuscitations by trained ambulance personnel-No fatal injuries were produced. Journal of the American Medical Association 190: 531-534.
46. Zoch, T. W., N. A. Desbiens, F. DeStefano, D. T. Stueland, and P. M. Layde. 2000. Short-and long-term survival after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Archives of Internal Medicine 160(13): 1969-1973.