Major depression: Revisiting the concept and diagnosis

Advances in Psychiatric Treatment

Volumn 15, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 279-285

  Jacob, K S ^a  

^a CHRISTIAN MEDICAL COLLEGE   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADJUSTMENT DISORDER; COPING BEHAVIOR; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; DYSTHYMIA; HUMAN; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MELANCHOLIA; PSYCHIATRIC DIAGNOSIS; REVIEW; STRESS;

EID: 74949121776     PISSN: 13555146     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1192/apt.bp.108.005827     Document Type: Review

References (44)

1. American Psychiatric Association (1980) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd edn) (DSM-III). APA.
2. American Psychiatric Association (1994) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edn) (DSM-IV). APA.
3. Andrews G (2001a) Should depression be managed as a chronic disease? BMJ; 322: 412-21.
4. Andrews G (2001b) Placebo response in depression. Bane of research, boon to therapy. British Journal of Psychiatry; 178: 192-4.
5. Andrews G, Jenkins R (1999) The management of mental disorders. World Health Organization Collaborating Centre in Mental Health.
6. Barsky AJ, Borus JF (1995) Somatization and medicalization in the era of managed care. JAMA; 274: 1931-4.
7. Bogenschutz MP, Nurnberg HG (2000) Classification of mental disorders. In Kaplan & Sadock's Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry (7th edn) (eds BJ Sadock, VA Sadock): 824-39. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
8. Casey P, Dowrick C, Wilkinson G (2001) Adjustment disorders. Fault line in the psychiatric glossary. British Journal of Psychiatry; 179: 479-81.
9. Cooper JE, Kendall RE, Gurland BJ, et al (1972) Psychiatric diagnosis in New York and London. Oxford University Press.
10. Feighner JP, Robins E, Guse SB, et al (1972) Diagnostic criteria for use in psychiatric research. Archives of General Psychiatry; 26: 57-63.
11. Harrison PJ (2002) The neuropathology of primary mood disorder. Brain; 125: 1428-49.
12. Heath I (1999) There must be limits to the medicalisation of human distress. BMJ; 318: 439-40.
13. Holma KM, Holma IA, Melartin TK, et al (2008) Long-term outcome of major depressive disorder in psychiatric patients is variable. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry; 69: 196-205.
14. Jacob KS (2003) Misunderstanding depression. National Medical Journal of India; 16: 270-2.
15. Jacob KS (2006) The cultures of depression. National Medical Journal of India; 19: 218-20.
16. Jenkins R, Lewis G, Bebbington P, et al (1997) The National Psychiatric Morbidity Surveys of Great Britain. Initial findings from the Household Survey. Psychological Medicine; 27: 775-89.
17. Judd LL, Akiskal HS, Maser JD, et al (1998) A prospective 12-years tudy of subsyndromal and syndromal depressive symptoms in unipolar major depressive disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry; 55: 694-700.
18. Kendall RE (1977) The classification of depression. A review of contemporary confusion. In Handbook of Studies on Depression (ed GD Burrows): 3-20. Excerpta Medica.
19. Kendler KS, Gardner CO (1998) Boundaries of major depression. An evaluation of DSM-IV criteria. American Journal of Psychiatry; 155: 172-7.
20. Kendler KS, Walters EE, Kessler RC (1997) The prediction of length of major depressive episodes. Results from an epidemiological survey of female twins. Psychological Medicine; 27: 107-17.
21. Kendler KS (2006) Reflections on the relationship between psychiatric genetics and psychiatric nosology. American Journal of Psychiatry; 163: 1138-46.
22. Kennedy N, Abbott R, Paykel ES (2003) Remission and recurrence of depression in the maintenance era. Long-term outcome in a Cambridge cohort. Psychological Medicine; 33: 827-38.
23. Kessler RC, McGonagle KA, Zhao S, et al (1994) Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States. Results from the National Co-Morbidity Survey. Archives of General Psychiatry; 51: 8-19.
24. Khan A, Warner HA, Brown WA (2000) Symptom reduction and suicide risk in patients treated with placebo in antidepressant clinical trials. Archives of General Psychiatry; 57: 311-30.
25. Kiloh LG, Andrews G, Nelson M (1988) The long-term outcome of depressive illness. British Journal of Psychiatry; 153: 752-7.
26. Kirsch I, Deacon BJ, Huedo-Medina TB, et al (2008) Initial severity and antidepressant benefits. A meta-analysis of data submitted to the Food and Drug Administration. PLoS Medicine; 5: e45-8.
27. Lee AS, Murray RM (1988) The long-term outcome of Maudsley depressives. British Journal of Psychiatry; 153: 741-51.
28. Lewis G, Pelosi A, Araya R, et al (1992) Measuring psychiatric morbidity in the community. A standardised interview for use by lay interviewers. Psychological Medicine; 22: 465-86.
29. Lin EHB, Simon GE, Katon WJ, et al (1999) Can enhanced acute phase treatment of depression improve long-term outcome? A report of randomized controlled trials in primary care. American Journal of Psychiatry; 156: 643-5.
30. Markowitz JC (2008) When should psychotherapy be the treatment of choice for major depressive disorder? Current Psychiatry Report; 10: 452-7.
31. McLeod JD, Kessler RC, Landis KR (1992) Speed of recovery from major depressive episodes in a community sample of married men and women. Journal of Abnormal Psychology; 101: 277-86.
32. Mendels J, Cochrane C (1968) The nosology of depression: the endogenous-reactive concept. American Journal of Psychiatry; 124(11) (suppl): 1-11.
33. Moncrieff J, Wessely S, Hardy R (1998) Meta-analysis of trials comparing antidepressants with active placebos. British Journal of Psychiatry; 172: 227-31.
34. Myers JK, Weissman MN, Dischler GL, et al (1984) Six-month prevalence of psychiatric disorders in three communities 1980 to 1982. Archives of General Psychiatry; 41: 959-67.
35. Pampallona S, Bollini P, Tibaldi G, et al (2004) Combined pharmacotherapy and psychological treatment for depression: a systematic review. Archives of General Psychiatry; 61: 714-9.
36. Paykel ES, Scott J (2000) Treatment of mood disorders. In New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry (eds MG Gelder, JJ Lopez-Ibor, N Andreasen): 724-36. Oxford University Press.
37. Robins LN, Wing J, Wittchens H-U, et al (1988) The Composite International Diagnostic Interview. An epidemiological instrument suitable for use in conjunction with different diagnostic systems in different cultures. Archives of General Psychiatry; 45: 1069-77.
38. Shelton RC (2007) The molecular neurobiology of depression. Psychiatric Clinics of North America; 30: 1-11.
39. Snaith RP (1987) The concepts of mild depression. British Journal of Psychiatry; 150: 387-93.
40. Thomas CM, Morris S (2003) Cost of depression among adults in England in 2000. British Journal of Psychiatry; 183: 514-9.
41. Torpey DC, Klein DN (2008) Chronic depression: update on classification and treatment. Current Psychiatry Report; 10: 458-64.
42. Tseng W-S (2001) Handbook of Cultural Psychiatry. Academic Press.
43. Turner EH, Rosenthal R (2008) Efficacy of antidepressants. BMJ; 336: 516-7.
44. World Health Organization (1992) Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders. Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines (10th edn) (ICD-10). WHO.