Promoting the moral reasoning of undergraduate business students through a deliberate psychological education-based classroom intervention

Journal of Moral Education

Volumn 38, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 315-334

  Schmidt, Christopher D ^a   McAdams, Charles R ^b   Foster, Victoria ^b  

^a VILLANOVA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b The College of William and Mary   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 74949109006     PISSN: 03057240     EISSN: 14653877     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/03057240903101556     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Bebeau, M. J. & Thoma, S. J. (2003) Guide for the DIT-II (Minneapolis, MN, University of Minnesota).
2. Beck, K., Heinrichs, K., Minnameier, G. & Parche-Kawik, K. (1999) Homogeneity of moral judgement? Apprentices solving business conflicts, Journal of Moral Education, 28(3), 429-443.
3. Bergman, R. (2004) Identity as motivation: toward a theory of the moral self, in: D. Lapsley & D. Narvaez (Eds) Moral development, self and identity (Mahwah, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum), 21-46.
4. Davison, M. L. (1979) The internal structure and the psychometric properties of the Defining Issues Test, in: J. Rest (Ed.) Development in judging moral issues (Minneapolis, MN, University of Minnesota), 223-245.
5. Ellis, T. S. & Griffith, D. (2001) The evaluation of IT ethical scenarios using a multidimensional scale, The DATA BASE for Advances in Information Systems, 32(1), 75-85.
6. Ethics & Compliance Officer Association (2007) Organization mission, vision and values. Available online at: www.theecoa.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Mission&Template=/CM/HTMLDisplay.cfm&ContentID=1278 (accessed 1 April 2007).
7. Fraedrich, J., Thorne, D. M. & Ferrell, O. C. (1994) Assessing the application of cognitive moral development theory to business ethics, Journal of Business Ethics, 13(10), 829-838.
8. Haidt, J. (2001) The emotional dog and its rational tail: a social intuitionist approach to moral judgment, Psychological Review, 108(4), 814-834.
9. Halbesleben, J. R. B., Wheeler, A. R. & Buckley, M. R. (2005) Everybody else is doing it, so why can't we? Pluralistic ignorance and business ethics education, Journal of Business Ethics, 56(4), 385-398.
10. Henthorne, T. L., Robin, D. P. & Reidenbach, R. E. (1992) Identifying the gaps in ethical perceptions between managers and salespersons: a multidimensional approach, Journal of Business Ethics, 11(11), 849-856.
11. Holloway, E. L. & Wampold, B. E. (1986) Relation between conceptual level and counseling-related tasks: a meta-analysis, Journal of Counseling Psychology, 33(3), 310-319.
12. Hunt, D. (1971) Matching models in education (Toronto, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education).
13. Izzo, G. (2000) Compulsory ethics education and the cognitive moral development of salespeople: a quasi-experimental assessment, Journal of Business Ethics, 28(3), 223-241.
14. Jackall, R. (1988) Moral mazes: the world of corporate managers (New York, Oxford University Press).
15. Jay, J. K. & Johnson, K. L. (2002) Capturing complexity: a typology of reflective practice for teachers and educators, Teaching and Teacher Education, 18(1), 73-85.
16. King, P. M. & Kitchener, K. S. (1994) Developing reflective judgment: understanding and promoting intellectual growth and critical thinking in adolescents and adults (San Francisco, Jossey-Bass).
17. Knowles, M. (1980) The modern practice of adult education (2nd edn) (Chicago, IL, Association Press).
18. Kohlberg, L. (1968) Moral development, in: D. Sills (Ed.) International encyclopaedia of the social sciences (New York, Crowell, Collier & Macmillan), 489-494.
19. Kohlberg, L. (1976) Moral stages and moralization: the cognitive developmental approach, in: T. Lickona (Ed.) Moral development and behavior (New York, Holt, Rinehart, & Winston), 31-53.
20. Kohlberg, L. (1984) Essays on moral development. Vol. II: The nature and validity of moral stages (San Francisco, CA, Harper & Row).
21. Kracher, B., Chatterjee, A. & Lundquist, A. R. (2002) Factors related to the cognitive moral development of business students and business professionals in India and the United States: nationality, education, sex and gender, Journal of Business Ethics, 35(4), 255-268.
22. Krippendorff, K. (2004) Content analysis: an introduction to its methodology (Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage).
23. Lind, G. (2000) Off limits: a cross-cultural study on possible causes of segmentation of moral judgment competence. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New Orleans, LA, 24-28 April.
24. Loo, R. (2004) Support for Reidenbach and Robin's (1990) eight-item multidimensional ethics scale, Social Science Journal, 41(2), 289-294.
25. Macfarlane, B. (1998) Business ethics and the idea of a higher education, Teaching Business Ethics, 2(1), 35-47.
26. Marnburg, E. (2001) The questionable use of moral development theory in studies of business ethics: discussion and empirical findings, Journal of Business Ethics, 32(4), 275-283.
27. Mayhew, M. J. & King, P. M. (2008) How curricular content and pedagogical strategies affect moral reasoning development in college students, Journal of Moral Education, 37(1), 17-40.
28. McNeel, S. P. (1994) College teaching and student moral development, in: J. Rest & D. Narvaez (Eds) Moral development in the professions: psychology and applied ethics (Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum), 27-49.
29. Monson, V. E. & Bock, T. S. (2005) Educating for ethical action: MBA student perceptions of peer needs, Journal of College and Character, 2. Available online at: www.collegevalues.org/articles.cfm?a=1&id=355 (accessed 4 February 2007).
30. Morgan, B., Morgan, F., Foster, V. & Kolbert, J. (2002) Promoting the moral and conceptual development of law enforcement trainees: a deliberate psychological educational approach, Journal of Moral Education, 29(2), 203-218.
31. Mosher, R. & Sprinthall, N. A. (1971) Deliberate psychological education, Counseling Psychologist, 2(4), 3-82.
32. Mudrack, P. E. (2003) The untapped relevance of moral development theory in the study of business ethics, Journal of Business Ethics, 42(3), 225-236.
33. Peace, S. (1995) Promoting the development of mentor and novice counselors: applying theory to practice and research. Paper presented at the International Conference of the Association for Moral Education, Fordham University, NY, 16-19 November.
34. Ponemon, L. A. & Gabhart, D. R. L. (1994) Ethical reasoning research in the accounting and auditing professions, in: J. Rest & D. Narvaez (Eds) Moral development in the professions: psychology and applied ethics (Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum), 101-119.
35. Reidenbach, R. E. & Robin, D. P. (1990) Toward the development of a multidimensional scale for improving evaluations of business ethics, Journal of Business Ethics, 9(8), 639-653.
36. Reiman, A. J. & Peace, S. D. (2002) Promoting teachers' moral reasoning and collaborative inquiry performance: a developmental role-taking and guided inquiry study, Journal of Moral Education, 31(1), 51-66.
37. Reiman, A. J. & Thies-Sprinthall, L. (1993) Promoting the development of mentor teachers: theory and research programs using guided reflection, Journal of Research and Development in Education, 26(3), 179-185.
38. Rest, J. R. (1979) Development in judging moral issues (Minneapolis, MN, University of Minnesota Press).
39. Rest, J. R. (1986) Moral development: advances in research and theory (New York, Praeger).
40. Rest, J. R. (1994) Background: theory and research, in: Rest J. & Narvaez, D. (Eds) Moral development in the professions: psychology and applied ethics (Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum), 1-26.
41. Rest, J. & Narvaez, D. (1994) Moral development in the professions: psychology and applied ethics (Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum).
42. Rest, J. R., Narvaez, D., Thoma, S. J. & Bebeau, M. J. (1999a) DIT II: devising and testing a revised instrument of moral judgment, Journal of Educational Psychology, 91(4), 644-659.
43. Rest, J. R., Narvaez, D., Bebeau, M. J. & Thoma, S. J. (1999b) Postconventional moral thinking: a neo-Kohlbergian approach (Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum).
44. Richardson, B., Foster, V. A. & McAdams, C. H. (1998) Parenting attitudes and moral development of treatment foster parents: implications for training and supervision, Child and Youth Care Forum, 27(6), 409-431.
45. Royal, C. W. & Baker, S. B. (2005) Effects of a deliberate moral education program on parents of elementary school students, Journal of Moral Education, 34(2), 215-230.
46. Schlaefli, A., Rest, J. R. & Thoma, S. J. (1985) Does moral education improve moral judgment? A meta-analysis of intervention studies using the defining issues test, Review of Educational Research, 55(3), 319-352.
47. Schön, D. A. (1983) The reflective practitioner: how professionals think in action (New York, Teachers College Press).
48. Schön, D. A. (1987) Educating the reflective practitioner (San Francisco, CA, Jossey-Bass).
49. Sims, R. R. & Felton, E. L. (2006) Designing and delivering business ethics teaching and learning, Journal of Business Ethics, 63(3), 297-312.
50. Sprinthall, N. A., Peace, S. A. & Kennington, P. A. D. (2001) Cognitive-developmental stage theories for counseling, in: D. C. Locke, J. E. Myers & E. L. Herr (Eds) The handbook of counseling (Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage), 109-129.
51. Sprinthall, N. A., Reiman, A. J. & Thies-Sprinthall, L. (1996) Teacher professional development, in: J. Sikula (Ed.) Second handbook of research on teacher education (New York, Macmillan), 666-703.
52. Sprinthall, N. A. & Thies-Sprinthall, L. (1983) The teacher as an adult learner: a cognitive view, in: G. Griffin (Ed.) Staff development: eighty-second yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education (Chicago, University of Chicago Press), 13-35.
53. Stoppard, J. M & Miller, A. (1985) Conceptual level matching in therapy: a review, Current Psychological Research and Reviews, 4(1), 47-68.
54. Sucher, S. J. (2005) Moral reasoning: integrating moral deliberation into decision making (No. 604054). Boston, MA: Harvard University, Harvard Business School Publishing.
55. Swanson, D. L. (2004) The buck stops here: why universities must reclaim business ethics education, Journal of Academic Ethics, 2(1), 43-61.
56. Trevino, L. K. (1992) Moral reasoning and business ethics: implications for research, education and management, Journal of Business Ethics, 11(5/6), 445-459.
57. Turiel, E. (1983) Domains and categories in social-cognitive development, in: W. Overton (Ed.) The relationship between social and cognitive development (Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum), 69-106.