메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 73, Issue 7, 2009, Pages 1116-1124

Habitat use and selection by california spotted owls in a postfire landscape

Author keywords

California spotted owl; fire severity; foraging habitat; forest structure; resource selection function; southern Sierra Nevada; Strix occidentalis; telemetry error

Indexed keywords

BASAL AREA; BREEDING SEASON; BURNING; CONIFEROUS FOREST; FIRE BEHAVIOR; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; FOREST DYNAMICS; FOREST FIRE; HABITAT USE; HERB; LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE; NESTING; PREY AVAILABILITY; RADIOTELEMETRY; RAPTOR; RESOURCE SELECTION; ROOSTING; TERRITORY;

EID: 74549225017     PISSN: 0022541X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2193/2008-248     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (83)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 0004930851 scopus 로고
    • Sierran mixed conifer
    • K. E. Mayer and W. F. Laudenslayer, editors California Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento, USA
    • Allen, B. 1988. Sierran mixed conifer. Pages 46-47 in K. E. Mayer and W. F. Laudenslayer, editors. A guide to wildlife habitat relationships. California Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento, USA.
    • (1988) A Guide to Wildlife Habitat Relationships , pp. 46-47
    • Allen, B.1
  • 2
    • 0003643129 scopus 로고
    • Circular statistics in biology
    • Academic Press, London, United Kingdom. Bendell, J. F. 1974. Effects of fire on birds and mammals T. T. Kozlowski and C. E. Ahlgren, editors Academic Press, New York, New York, USA
    • Batschelet, E. 1981. Circular statistics in biology. Academic Press, London, United Kingdom. Bendell, J. F. 1974. Effects of fire on birds and mammals. Pages 73-138 in T. T. Kozlowski and C. E. Ahlgren, editors. Fire and ecosystems. Academic Press, New York, New York, USA.
    • (1981) Fire and Ecosystems , pp. 73-138
    • Batschelet, E.1
  • 3
    • 0027040533 scopus 로고
    • Habitat associations of California spotted owls in the central Sierra Nevada
    • Bias, M. A., and R. J. Gutiérrez. 1992. Habitat associations of California spotted owls in the central Sierra Nevada. Journal of Wildlife Management 56:584-593.
    • (1992) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.56 , pp. 584-593
    • Bias, M.A.1    Gutiérrez, R.J.2
  • 4
    • 32444433712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Site occupancy, apparent survival, and reproduction of California spotted owls in relation to forest stand characteristics
    • Blakesley, J. A., B. R. Noon, and D. R. Anderson. 2005. Site occupancy, apparent survival, and reproduction of California spotted owls in relation to forest stand characteristics. Journal of Wildlife Management 69:1554-1564.
    • (2005) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.69 , pp. 1554-1564
    • Blakesley, J.A.1    Noon, B.R.2    Anderson, D.R.3
  • 5
    • 23744502236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prey ecology of Mexican spotted owls in pine-oak forests of northern Arizona
    • Block, W. M., J. L. Ganey, P. E. Scott, and R. King. 2005. Prey ecology of Mexican spotted owls in pine-oak forests of northern Arizona. Journal of Wildlife Management 69:618-629.
    • (2005) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.69 , pp. 618-629
    • Block, W.M.1    Ganey, J.L.2    Scott, P.E.3    King, R.4
  • 6
    • 0036974994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term effects of wildfires on spotted owl survival, site fidelity, mate fidelity, and reproductive success
    • Bond, M. L., R. J. Gutiérrez, A. B. Franklin, W. S. LaHaye, C. A. May, and M. E. Seamans. 2002. Short-term effects of wildfires on spotted owl survival, site fidelity, mate fidelity, and reproductive success. Wildlife Society Bulletin 30:1022-1028.
    • (2002) Wildlife Society Bulletin , vol.30 , pp. 1022-1028
    • Bond, M.L.1    Gutiérrez, R.J.2    Franklin, A.B.3    Lahaye, W.S.4    May, C.A.5    Seamans, M.E.6
  • 7
    • 13944281439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling nesting habitat selection of California spotted owls (Strix occidentalis occidentalis) in the central Sierra Nevada
    • Bond, M. L., R. J. Gutiérrez, and M. E. Seamans. 2004. Modeling nesting habitat selection of California spotted owls (Strix occidentalis occidentalis) in the central Sierra Nevada. Forest Science 50:773-780.
    • (2004) Forest Science , vol.50 , pp. 773-780
    • Bond, M.L.1    Gutiérrez, R.J.2    Seamans, M.E.3
  • 9
    • 0000668782 scopus 로고
    • Foraging habitat and home-range characteristics of California spotted owls in the Sierra Nevada
    • Call, D. R., R. J. Gutiérrez, and J. Verner. 1992. Foraging habitat and home-range characteristics of California spotted owls in the Sierra Nevada. The Condor 94:880-888.
    • (1992) The Condor , vol.94 , pp. 880-888
    • Call, D.R.1    Gutiérrez, R.J.2    Verner, J.3
  • 10
    • 0026593626 scopus 로고
    • Northern spotted owls:influence of prey base and landscape character
    • Carey, A. B., S. P. Horton, and B. L. Biswell. 1992. Northern spotted owls:influence of prey base and landscape character. Ecological Monographs 62:223-250.
    • (1992) Ecological Monographs , vol.62 , pp. 223-250
    • Carey, A.B.1    Horton, S.P.2    Biswell, B.L.3
  • 11
    • 0029500933 scopus 로고
    • Spotted owls:resource and space use in mosaic landscapes
    • Carey, A. B., and K. C. Peeler. 1995. Spotted owls:resource and space use in mosaic landscapes. Journal of Raptor Research 29:223-239.
    • (1995) Journal of Raptor Research , vol.29 , pp. 223-239
    • Carey, A.B.1    Peeler, K.C.2
  • 13
    • 0027589553 scopus 로고
    • A practical look at the sources of confusion in error matrix generation
    • Congalton, R. G., and K. Green. 1993. A practical look at the sources of confusion in error matrix generation. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 59:641-644.
    • (1993) Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing , vol.59 , pp. 641-644
    • Congalton, R.G.1    Green, K.2
  • 14
    • 33846784016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small mammal responses to thinning and wildfire in ponderosa pine-dominated forests of the southwestern United States
    • Converse, S. J., G. C. White, and W. M. Block. 2006. Small mammal responses to thinning and wildfire in ponderosa pine-dominated forests of the southwestern United States. Journal of Wildlife Management 70:1711-1722.
    • (2006) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.70 , pp. 1711-1722
    • Converse, S.J.1    White, G.C.2    Block, W.M.3
  • 15
    • 33646232226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat associations of small mammals at two spatial scales in the northern Sierra Nevada
    • Coppeto, S. A., D. A. Kelt, D. H. Van Vuren, J. A. Wilson, and S. Bigelow. 2006. Habitat associations of small mammals at two spatial scales in the northern Sierra Nevada. Journal of Mammalogy 87:402-413.
    • (2006) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.87 , pp. 402-413
    • Coppeto, S.A.1    Kelt, D.A.2    Van Vuren, D.H.3    Wilson, J.A.4    Bigelow, S.5
  • 16
    • 0003402060 scopus 로고
    • Methods and materials for locating and studying spotted owls
    • U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station Portland, Oregon, USA
    • Forsman, E. D. 1983. Methods and materials for locating and studying spotted owls. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, General Technical Report PNW-162, Portland, Oregon, USA.
    • (1983) General Technical Report PNW-162
    • Forsman, E.D.1
  • 18
    • 0033749624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate, habitat quality, and fitness in northern spotted owl populations in northwestern California
    • Franklin, A. B., D. R. Anderson, R. J. Gutiérrez, and K. P. Burnham. 2000. Climate, habitat quality, and fitness in northern spotted owl populations in northwestern California. Ecological Monographs 70:539-590.
    • (2000) Ecological Monographs , vol.70 , pp. 539-590
    • Franklin, A.B.1    Anderson, D.R.2    Gutiérrez, R.J.3    Burnham, K.P.4
  • 19
    • 0002468821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of the Hatchery complex fires on Northern spotted owls in the Eastern Washington Cascades
    • J. N. Greenlee, editor International Association of Wildfire and Forestry, Coeur D'Alene, Idaho, USA
    • Gaines, W. L., R. A. Strand, and S. D. Piper. 1997. Effects of the Hatchery complex fires on Northern spotted owls in the Eastern Washington Cascades. Pages 123-129 in J. N. Greenlee, editor. Proceedings of the fire effects on rare and endangered species and habitats conference. International Association of Wildfire and Forestry, Coeur D'Alene, Idaho, USA.
    • (1997) Proceedings of the Fire Effects on Rare and Endangered Species and Habitats Conference , pp. 123-129
    • Gaines, W.L.1    Strand, R.A.2    Piper, S.D.3
  • 20
    • 0022232346 scopus 로고
    • Habitat use and abundance of deer mice:interactions with meadow voles and red-backed voles
    • Galindo, C., and C. J. Krebs. 1985. Habitat use and abundance of deer mice:interactions with meadow voles and red-backed voles. Canadian Journal of Zoology 63:1870-1879.
    • (1985) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.63 , pp. 1870-1879
    • Galindo, C.1    Krebs, C.J.2
  • 21
    • 0008863657 scopus 로고
    • Small mammal study in west-central Oregon
    • Gashwiler, J. S. 1959. Small mammal study in west-central Oregon. Journal of Mammalogy 40:128-139.
    • (1959) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.40 , pp. 128-139
    • Gashwiler, J.S.1
  • 22
    • 0003068222 scopus 로고
    • Deer mouse reproduction and its relationship to the tree seed crop
    • Gashwiler, J. S. 1979. Deer mouse reproduction and its relationship to the tree seed crop. American Midland Naturalist 102:95-104.
    • (1979) American Midland Naturalist , vol.102 , pp. 95-104
    • Gashwiler, J.S.1
  • 23
    • 0346073180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spotted owl home-range and habitat use in young forests of western Oregon
    • Glenn, E. M., M. C. Hansen, and R. G. Anthony. 2004. Spotted owl home-range and habitat use in young forests of western Oregon. Journal of Wildlife Management 68:33-50.
    • (2004) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.68 , pp. 33-50
    • Glenn, E.M.1    Hansen, M.C.2    Anthony, R.G.3
  • 25
    • 77954518899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region and U.S Department of Agriculture Natural Resource Conservation Service, Washington, D.C., USA
    • U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resource Conservation Service, Washington, D.C., USA.
  • 29
    • 37549044675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat associations of dusky-footed woodrats (Neotoma fuscipes) in mixed-conifer forest of the northern Sierra Nevada
    • Innes, R. J., D. H. Van Vuren, D. A. Kelt, M. L. Johnson, J. A. Wilson, and P. A. Stine. 2007. Habitat associations of dusky-footed woodrats (Neotoma fuscipes) in mixed-conifer forest of the northern Sierra Nevada. Journal of Wildlife Management 88:1523-1531.
    • (2007) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.88 , pp. 1523-1531
    • Innes, R.J.1    Van Vuren, D.H.2    Kelt, D.A.3    Johnson, M.L.4    Wilson, J.A.5    Stine, P.A.6
  • 31
    • 13944266822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations between forest fire and Mexican spotted owls
    • Jenness, J. J., P. Beier, and J. L. Ganey. 2004. Associations between forest fire and Mexican spotted owls. Forest Science 50:765-772.
    • (2004) Forest Science , vol.50 , pp. 765-772
    • Jenness, J.J.1    Beier, P.2    Ganey, J.L.3
  • 32
    • 0001148059 scopus 로고
    • Ecology of vertebrate animals in relation to chaparral fire in the Sierra Nevada foothills
    • Lawrence, G. E. 1966. Ecology of vertebrate animals in relation to chaparral fire in the Sierra Nevada foothills. Ecology 47:278-291.
    • (1966) Ecology , vol.47 , pp. 278-291
    • Lawrence, G.E.1
  • 34
    • 19644379515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing risks to spotted owls from forest thinning in fire-adapted forests of the western United States
    • Lee, D. C., and L. L. Irwin. 2005. Assessing risks to spotted owls from forest thinning in fire-adapted forests of the western United States. Forest Ecology and Management 211:191-209.
    • (2005) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.211 , pp. 191-209
    • Lee, D.C.1    Irwin, L.L.2
  • 35
    • 27944485703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dusky-footed woodrat demography and prescribed fire in a California oak woodland
    • Lee, D. E., and W. D. Tietje. 2005. Dusky-footed woodrat demography and prescribed fire in a California oak woodland. Journal of Wildlife Management 69:760-769.
    • (2005) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.69 , pp. 760-769
    • Lee, D.E.1    Tietje, W.D.2
  • 36
    • 33646229532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bushy-tailed woodrat abundance in dry forests of eastern Washington
    • Lehmkuhl, J. F., K. D. Kistler, and J. S. Begley. 2006. Bushy-tailed woodrat abundance in dry forests of eastern Washington. Journal of Mammalogy 87:371-379.
    • (2006) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.87 , pp. 371-379
    • Lehmkuhl, J.F.1    Kistler, K.D.2    Begley, J.S.3
  • 37
    • 0000220532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forest health and spotted owls in the eastern cascades of Washington
    • K. G. Wadsworth and R. E. McCabe, editors Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference, Special Session 7 no. 61 22-27 March 1996, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA
    • MacCracken, J. G., W. C. Boyd, and B. S. Rowe. 1996. Forest health and spotted owls in the eastern cascades of Washington. Pages 519-527 in K. G. Wadsworth and R. E. McCabe, editors. Facing realities in resource management. Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference, Special Session 7 no. 61, 22-27 March 1996, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA.
    • (1996) Facing Realities in Resource Management , pp. 519-527
    • MacCracken, J.G.1    Boyd, W.C.2    Rowe, B.S.3
  • 40
    • 33646690084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discrete-choice modeling in wildlife studies exemplified by northern spotted owl nighttime habitat selection
    • McDonald, T. L., B. F. J. Manly, R. M. Nielson, and L. V. Diller. 2006. Discrete-choice modeling in wildlife studies exemplified by northern spotted owl nighttime habitat selection. Journal of Wildlife Management 70:375-383.
    • (2006) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.70 , pp. 375-383
    • McDonald, T.L.1    Manly, B.F.J.2    Nielson, R.M.3    Diller, L.V.4
  • 41
    • 0003769622 scopus 로고
    • Historical perspectives on forests of the Sierra Nevada and the transverse ranges of southern California:forest conditions at the turn of the century
    • J. Vener, K. S. McKelvey, B. R. Noon, R. J. Gutiérrez, G. I. Gould, Jr., and T. W. Beck, editors U.S. Forest Service General Technical Report PSW-133, Albany, California, USA
    • McKelvey, K. S., and J. D. Johnston. 1992. Historical perspectives on forests of the Sierra Nevada and the transverse ranges of southern California:forest conditions at the turn of the century. Pages 225-246 in J. Vener, K. S. McKelvey, B. R. Noon, R. J. Gutiérrez, G. I. Gould, Jr., and T. W. Beck, editors. The California spotted owl:a technical assessment of its current status. U.S. Forest Service General Technical Report PSW-133, Albany, California, USA.
    • (1992) The California Spotted Owl: A Technical Assessment of Its Current Status , pp. 225-246
    • McKelvey, K.S.1    Johnston, J.D.2
  • 42
    • 0028984832 scopus 로고
    • Sixty years of change in Californian conifer forests of the San Bernardino Mountains
    • Minnich, R. A., M. G. Barbour, J. H. Burk, and R. F. Fernau. 1995. Sixty years of change in Californian conifer forests of the San Bernardino Mountains. Conservation Biology 9:902-914.
    • (1995) Conservation Biology , vol.9 , pp. 902-914
    • Minnich, R.A.1    Barbour, M.G.2    Burk, J.H.3    Fernau, R.F.4
  • 43
    • 2642682450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • California spotted owl habitat selection in the central Sierra Nevada
    • Moen, C. A., and R. J. Gutiérrez. 1997. California spotted owl habitat selection in the central Sierra Nevada. Journal of Wildlife Management 61:1281-1287.
    • (1997) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.61 , pp. 1281-1287
    • Moen, C.A.1    Gutiérrez, R.J.2
  • 44
    • 0004072035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pacer Computer Software, Tatamagouche, Nova Scotia, Canada
    • Nams, V. O. 2006. LOCATE III user's guide. Pacer Computer Software, Tatamagouche, Nova Scotia, Canada
    • (2006) LOCATE III User's Guide
    • Nams, V.O.1
  • 46
    • 0029660355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microhabitat analysis using radiotelemetry locations and polytomous logistic regression
    • North, M. P., and J. H. Reynolds. 1996. Microhabitat analysis using radiotelemetry locations and polytomous logistic regression. Journal of Wildlife Management 60:630-653.
    • (1996) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.60 , pp. 630-653
    • North, M.P.1    Reynolds, J.H.2
  • 47
    • 33751509448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fire severity in conifer forests of the Sierra Nevada, California
    • Odion, D. C., and C. T. Hanson. 2006. Fire severity in conifer forests of the Sierra Nevada, California. Ecosystems 9:1177-1189.
    • (2006) Ecosystems , vol.9 , pp. 1177-1189
    • Odion, D.C.1    Hanson, C.T.2
  • 49
    • 0032781211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of habitat selection for central-place foraging animals
    • Rosenberg, D. K., and K. S. McKelvey. 1999. Estimation of habitat selection for central-place foraging animals. Journal of Wildlife Management 63:1028-1038.
    • (1999) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.63 , pp. 1028-1038
    • Rosenberg, D.K.1    McKelvey, K.S.2
  • 51
    • 0026273317 scopus 로고
    • Rodent dynamics in relation to fire in the Sonoran desert
    • Simons, L. H. 1991. Rodent dynamics in relation to fire in the Sonoran desert. Journal of Mammalogy 72:518-524.
    • (1991) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.72 , pp. 518-524
    • Simons, L.H.1
  • 53
    • 84926466038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional variation in fire regimes
    • J. K. Smith, editor U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station General Technical Report RMRS-42, Ogden, Utah, USA
    • Tefler, E. S. 2000. Regional variation in fire regimes. Pages 9-16 in J. K. Smith, editor. Wildland fire in ecosystems:effects of fire on fauna. U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station General Technical Report RMRS-42, Ogden, Utah, USA.
    • (2000) Wildland Fire in Ecosystems:effects of Fire on Fauna , pp. 9-16
    • Tefler, E.S.1
  • 54
    • 0000985852 scopus 로고
    • Effects of a slash burn on forest mice
    • Tevis, L. 1956. Effects of a slash burn on forest mice. Journal of Wildlife Management 20:405-409.
    • (1956) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.20 , pp. 405-409
    • Tevis, L.1
  • 55
    • 1242323741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Forest Service [USFS] U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region, Vallejo, California, USA
    • U.S. Forest Service [USFS]. 2001. Sierra Nevada Forest Plan Amendment, Final Environmental Impact Statement. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region, Vallejo, California, USA.
    • (2001) Sierra Nevada Forest Plan Amendment, Final Environmental Impact Statement
  • 57
    • 77954478241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Forest Service [USFS] Cleveland National Forest, Los Padres National Forest, San Bernardino National Forest U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region, Vallejo, California, USA
    • U.S. Forest Service [USFS]. 2005. Final Environmental Impact Statement for Revised Land Management Plans:Angeles National Forest, Cleveland National Forest, Los Padres National Forest, San Bernardino National Forest. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region, Vallejo, California, USA.
    • (2005) Final Environmental Impact Statement for Revised Land Management Plans:Angeles National Forest
  • 58
    • 77954513618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Forest Service [USFS] Region 5 Remote Sensing Lab, Sacramento, California, USA Accessed 1 Jun 2006
    • U.S. Forest Service [USFS]. 2006. McNally Fire RdNBR vegetation burn severity and EVEG Tiles. Region 5 Remote Sensing Lab, Sacramento, California, USA.,http://www.fs.fed.us/r5/rsl/. Accessed 1 Jun 2006.
    • (2006) McNally Fire RdNBR Vegetation Burn Severity and EVEG Tiles
  • 60
    • 0344701048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat selection by northern spotted owls: The consequences of prey selection and distribution
    • Ward, J. P., Jr., R. J. Gutiérrez, and B. R. Noon. 1998. Habitat selection by northern spotted owls:the consequences of prey selection and distribution. Condor 100:79-92.
    • (1998) Condor , vol.100 , pp. 79-92
    • Ward Jr., J.P.1    Gutiérrez, R.J.2    Noon, B.R.3
  • 61
    • 0029506887 scopus 로고
    • Northern flying squirrel densities in fir forests of northeastern California
    • Waters, J. R., and C. J. Zabel. 1995. Northern flying squirrel densities in fir forests of northeastern California. Journal of Wildlife Management 59:858-866.
    • (1995) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.59 , pp. 858-866
    • Waters, J.R.1    Zabel, C.J.2
  • 62
    • 0003892206 scopus 로고
    • Fire and fuels management in relation to owl habitat in forests of the Sierra Nevada and southern California
    • J. Verner, K. S. McKelvey, B. R. Noon, R. J. Gutiérrez, G. I. Gould, and T. W. Beck, technical coordinators U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, General Technical Report PSW-133, Albany, California, USA
    • Weatherspoon, C. P., S. J. Husari, and J. W. van Wagtendonk. 1992. Fire and fuels management in relation to owl habitat in forests of the Sierra Nevada and southern California. Pages 247-260 in J. Verner, K. S. McKelvey, B. R. Noon, R. J. Gutiérrez, G. I. Gould, and T. W. Beck, technical coordinators. The California spotted owl:a technical assessment of its current status. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, General Technical Report PSW-133, Albany, California, USA.
    • (1992) The California Spotted Owl: A Technical Assessment of Its Current Status , pp. 247-260
    • Weatherspoon, C.P.1    Husari, S.J.2    Van Wagtendonk, J.W.3
  • 63
    • 0003431967 scopus 로고
    • General biology of major prey species of the California spotted owl
    • J. Verner, K. S. McKelvey, B. R. Noon, R. J. Gutiérrez, G. I. Gould, and T. W. Beck, technical coordinators U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, General Technical Report PSW-133, Albany, California, USA
    • Williams, D. F., J. Verner, H. F. Sakai, and J. R. Waters. 1992. General biology of major prey species of the California spotted owl. Pages 207-221 in J. Verner, K. S. McKelvey, B. R. Noon, R. J. Gutiérrez, G. I. Gould, and T. W. Beck, technical coordinators. The California spotted owl:a technical assessment of its current status. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, General Technical Report PSW-133, Albany, California, USA.
    • (1992) The California Spotted Owl: A Technical Assessment of Its Current Status , pp. 207-221
    • Williams, D.F.1    Verner, J.2    Sakai, H.F.3    Waters, J.R.4
  • 65
    • 77954466926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Forest Service General Technical Report WO-3, Washington D.C USA
    • U.S. Forest Service General Technical Report WO-3, Washington, D.C., USA.
  • 66
    • 0024183845 scopus 로고
    • Postfire rodent succession following prescribed fire in southern California chaparral
    • R. C. Szaro, K. E. Severson, and D. R. Patton U.S. Forest Service General Technical Report RM-166, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
    • Wirtz, W. O., D. Hoekman, J. R. Muhm, and S. L. Souza. 1988. Postfire rodent succession following prescribed fire in southern California chaparral. Pages 333-339 in R. C. Szaro, K. E. Severson, and D. R. Patton, technical coordinators. Management of amphibians, reptiles, and small mammals in North America. U.S. Forest Service General Technical Report RM-166, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
    • (1988) Technical Coordinators. Management of Amphibians, Reptiles, and Small Mammals in North America , pp. 333-339
    • Wirtz, W.O.1    Hoekman, D.2    Muhm, J.R.3    Souza., S.L.4
  • 67
    • 0028980308 scopus 로고
    • Influence of primary prey on home-range size and habitat-use patterns of northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina)
    • Zabel, C. J., K. S. McKelvey, and J. P. Ward, Jr. 1995. Influence of primary prey on home-range size and habitat-use patterns of northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina). Canadian Journal of Zoology 73:433-439.
    • (1995) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.73 , pp. 433-439
    • Zabel, C.J.1    McKelvey, K.S.2    Ward Jr., J.P.3
  • 68
    • 0012947020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breeding-season home ranges of spotted owls in the San Bernardino Mountains, California
    • Zimmerman, G. S., W. S. LaHaye, and R. J. Gutiérrez. 2001. Breeding-season home ranges of spotted owls in the San Bernardino Mountains, California. Western Birds 32:83-87.
    • (2001) Western Birds , vol.32 , pp. 83-87
    • Zimmerman, G.S.1    Lahaye, W.S.2    Gutiérrez, R.J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.