Leaf development: what it needs to be complex

Current Opinion in Plant Biology

Volumn 13, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 75-82

  Blein, Thomas ^a   Hasson, Alice ^a   Laufs, Patrick ^a  

^a INSTITUT JEAN PIERRE BOURGIN   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

INDOLEACETIC ACID DERIVATIVE; PHYTOHORMONE;

GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENETICS; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; METABOLISM; MORPHOGENESIS; PLANT; PLANT GENE; PLANT LEAF; REVIEW;

BODY PATTERNING; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, PLANT; GENES, PLANT; INDOLEACETIC ACIDS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS; PLANT LEAVES; PLANTS;

EID: 74549151041     PISSN: 13695266     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2009.09.017     Document Type: Review

References (60)

1. Vogel S. Leaves in the lowest and highest winds: temperature, force and shape. New Phytol 183 (2009) 13-26
2. Hofer J., Turner L., Moreau C., Ambrose M., Isaac P., Butcher S., Weller J., Dupin A., Dalmais M., Le Signor C., et al. Tendril-less regulates tendril formation in pea leaves. Plant Cell 21 (2009) 420-428. In this elegant paper, the authors identified the TENDRIL-LESS gene, which is required for the formation of tendrils in pea and possibly other tendrilled legumes. They provide evidence that TENDRIL-LESS is a target of UNI and suggest that it inhibits laminar development to convert leaflets into tendrils.
3. Carraro N., Peaucelle A., Laufs P., and Traas J. Cell differentiation and organ initiation at the shoot apical meristem. Plant Mol Biol 60 (2006) 811-826
4. Scofield S., and Murray J.A. KNOX gene function in plant stem cell niches. Plant Mol Biol 60 (2006) 929-946
5. Barkoulas M., Galinha C., Grigg S.P., and Tsiantis M. From genes to shape: regulatory interactions in leaf development. Curr Opin Plant Biol 10 (2007) 660-666
6. Shani E., Yanai O., and Ori N. The role of hormones in shoot apical meristem function. Curr Opin Plant Biol 9 (2006) 484-489
7. Reinhardt D., Pesce E.R., Stieger P., Mandel T., Baltensperger K., Bennett M., Traas J., Friml J., and Kuhlemeier C. Regulation of phyllotaxis by polar auxin transport. Nature 426 (2003) 255-260
8. Heisler M.G., Ohno C., Das P., Sieber P., Reddy G.V., Long J.A., and Meyerowitz E.M. Patterns of auxin transport and gene expression during primordium development revealed by live imaging of the Arabidopsis inflorescence meristem. Curr Biol 15 (2005) 1899-1911
9. Hay A., Barkoulas M., and Tsiantis M. ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 and auxin activities converge to repress BREVIPEDICELLUS expression and promote leaf development in Arabidopsis. Development 133 (2006) 3955-3961
10. Phelps-Durr T.L., Thomas J., Vahab P., and Timmermans M.C. Maize rough sheath2 and its Arabidopsis orthologue ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 interact with HIRA, a predicted histone chaperone, to maintain knox gene silencing and determinacy during organogenesis. Plant Cell 17 (2005) 2886-2898
11. Guo M., Thomas J., Collins G., and Timmermans M.C. Direct repression of KNOX loci by the ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 complex of Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 20 (2008) 48-58. This study, which extends the work described in [15], reveals a molecular mechanism by which AS1 represses KNOX expression. The authors show that AS1 is part of a transcriptional repressor complex that binds to upstream regions of KNOX genes and leads to a mitotically stable repressive chromatin state.
12. Iwakawa H., Iwasaki M., Kojima S., Ueno Y., Soma T., Tanaka H., Semiarti E., Machida Y., and Machida C. Expression of the ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene in the adaxial domain of Arabidopsis leaves represses cell proliferation in this domain and is critical for the development of properly expanded leaves. Plant J 51 (2007) 173-184
13. Hagemann W., and Gleissberg S. Organogenetic capacity of leaves: the significance of marginal blastozones in angiosperms. Plant Syst Evol 199 (1996) 121-151
14. Hareven D., Gutfinger T., Parnis A., Eshed Y., and Lifschitz E. The making of a compound leaf: genetic manipulation of leaf architecture in tomato. Cell 84 (1996) 735-744
15. Bharathan G., Goliber T.E., Moore C., Kessler S., Pham T., and Sinha N.R. Homologies in leaf form inferred from KNOXI gene expression during development. Science 296 (2002) 1858-1860
16. Hay A., and Tsiantis M. The genetic basis for differences in leaf form between Arabidopsis thaliana and its wild relative Cardamine hirsuta. Nat Genet 38 (2006) 942-947
17. Champagne C.E., Goliber T.E., Wojciechowski M.F., Mei R.W., Townsley B.T., Wang K., Paz M.M., Geeta R., and Sinha N.R. Compound leaf development and evolution in the legumes. Plant Cell 19 (2007) 3369-3378. This is a systematic study of the role of KNOXI proteins during compound leaf development in legumes. The authors show that species that do no rely on KNOXI activity for their normal leaf development still respond to ectopic KNOXI expression, suggesting an overlap between the KNOXI and LFY/FLO regulatory networks.
18. Jasinski S., Kaur H., Tattersall A., and Tsiantis M. Negative regulation of KNOX expression in tomato leaves. Planta 226 (2007) 1255-1263
19. Champagne C., and Sinha N. Compound leaves: equal to the sum of their parts?. Development 131 (2004) 4401-4412
20. Piazza P., Jasinski S., and Tsiantis M. Evolution of leaf developmental mechanisms. New Phytol 167 (2005) 693-710
21. Ori N., Cohen A.R., Etzioni A., Brand A., Yanai O., Shleizer S., Menda N., Amsellem Z., Efroni I., Pekker I., et al. Regulation of LANCEOLATE by miR319 is required for compound-leaf development in tomato. Nat Genet 39 (2007) 787-791. This work shows that the tomato LANCEOLATE, which is regulated by the microRNA miR319, encodes a TCP factor and determines a morphogenetic competence window during which leaflet formation is possible.
22. Jouannic S., Collin M., Vidal B., Verdeil J.L., and Tregear J.W. A class I KNOX gene from the palm species Elaeis guineensis (Arecaceae) is associated with meristem function and a distinct mode of leaf dissection. New Phytol 174 (2007) 551-568. This study associates KNOXI expression with the formation of oil palm dissected leaves, which arise through a distinct mode that does not involve differential morphogenesis.
23. Veit B. Hormone mediated regulation of the shoot apical meristem. Plant Mol Biol 69 (2009) 397-408
24. Jasinski S., Tattersall A., Piazza P., Hay A., Martinez-Garcia J.F., Schmitz G., Theres K., McCormick S., and Tsiantis M. PROCERA encodes a DELLA protein that mediates control of dissected leaf form in tomato. Plant J 56 (2008) 603-612. In this paper, the authors identify the molecular basis of the procera mutation and investigate in detail the interrelations of gibberellin and KNOXI during tomato leaf development.
25. Kimura S., Koenig D., Kang J., Yoong F.Y., and Sinha N. Natural variation in leaf morphology results from mutation of a novel KNOX gene. Curr Biol 18 (2008) 672-677. In this very nice paper, the authors identify two novel factors that fine-tune KNOXI activity during tomato leaf development and reveal the molecular basis for the differences in leaf shape of a wild tomato species from the Galapagos Islands and the tomato classical mutant bipinnata.
26. Kumar R., Kushalappa K., Godt D., Pidkowich M.S., Pastorelli S., Hepworth S.R., and Haughn G.W. The Arabidopsis BEL1-LIKE HOMEODOMAIN proteins SAW1 and SAW2 act redundantly to regulate KNOX expression spatially in leaf margins. Plant Cell 19 (2007) 2719-2735. This is the first report of a role for KNOXI-interacting BELL proteins during Arabidopsis simple leaf development.
27. Rutjens B., Bao D., van Eck-Stouten E., Brand M., Smeekens S., and Proveniers M. Shoot apical meristem function in Arabidopsis requires the combined activities of three BEL1-like homeodomain proteins. Plant J (2009)
28. ••]) shows a complex interaction pattern with other KNOXI and BELL proteins. They also provide evidence for a homeodomain-independent mechanism for KNOXI function.
29. Hofer J., Gourlay C., Michael A., and Ellis T.H. Expression of a class 1 knotted1-like homeobox gene is down-regulated in pea compound leaf primordia. Plant Mol Biol 45 (2001) 387-398
30. Lavin M., Herendeen P.S., and Wojciechowski M.F. Evolutionary rates analysis of Leguminosae implicates a rapid diversification of lineages during the tertiary. Syst Biol 54 (2005) 575-594
31. Di Giacomo E., Sestili F., Iannelli M.A., Testone G., Mariotti D., and Frugis G. Characterization of KNOX genes in Medicago truncatula. Plant Mol Biol 67 (2008) 135-150
32. Hofer J., Turner L., Hellens R., Ambrose M., Matthews P., Michael A., and Ellis N. UNIFOLIATA regulates leaf and flower morphogenesis in pea. Curr Biol 7 (1997) 581-587
33. Moyroud E., Tichtinsky G., and Parcy F. The LEAFY floral regulators in Angiosperms: conserved proteins with diverse roles. J Plant Biol 52 (2009) 177-185
34. DeMason D.A., and Schmidt R.J. Roles of the Uni gene in shoot and leaf development of pea (Pisum sativum): phenotypic characterization and leaf development in the uni and uni-tac mutants. Int J Plant Sci 162 (2001) 1033-1051
35. Chae E., Tan Q.K., Hill T.A., and Irish V.F. An Arabidopsis F-box protein acts as a transcriptional co-factor to regulate floral development. Development 135 (2008) 1235-1245
36. Taylor S., Hofer J., and Murfet I. Stamina pistilloida, the Pea ortholog of Fim and UFO, is required for normal development of flowers, inflorescences, and leaves. Plant Cell 13 (2001) 31-46
37. Wang H., Chen J., Wen J., Tadege M., Li G., Liu Y., Mysore K.S., Ratet P., and Chen R. Control of compound leaf development by FLORICAULA/LEAFY ortholog SINGLE LEAFLET1 in Medicago truncatula. Plant Physiol 146 (2008) 1759-1772. The authors describe the phenotype of a Medicago truncatula mutant defective in the LFY/FLO orthologue and perform protein function and expression pattern comparative studies between this legume species and Arabidopsis.
38. Dong Z.C., Zhao Z., Liu C.W., Luo J.H., Yang J., Huang W.H., Hu X.H., Wang T.L., and Luo D. Floral patterning in Lotus japonicus. Plant Physiol 137 (2005) 1272-1282
39. Molinero-Rosales N., Jamilena M., Zurita S., Gomez P., Capel J., and Lozano R. FALSIFLORA, the tomato orthologue of FLORICAULA and LEAFY, controls flowering time and floral meristem identity. Plant J 20 (1999) 685-693
40. Busch A., and Gleissberg S. EcFLO, a FLORICAULA-like gene from Eschscholzia californica is expressed during organogenesis at the vegetative shoot apex. Planta 217 (2003) 841-848
41. Barth S, Geier T, Eimert K, Watillon B, Sangwan RS, Gleissberg S: KNOX overexpression in transgenic Kohleria (Gesneriaceae) prolongs the activity of proximal leaf blastozones and drastically alters segment fate. Planta, 2009, doi:10.1007/s00425-009-0997-0. This paper shows that marginal leaf serrations can be converted into leaflets upon ectopic KNOXI expression, suggesting that these two structures can be viewed as variants of an homologous pathway.
42. Kim M., McCormick S., Timmermans M., and Sinha N. The expression domain of PHANTASTICA determines leaflet placement in compound leaves. Nature 424 (2003) 438-443
43. ••].
44. ••] clearly establish the role of auxin gradients in the initiation and separation of leaflets in the distantly related species tomato and cardamine. These studies reveal new factors that are shared between organogenesis at the shoot apex and in primordia of compound leaves, and also highlight similarities and specificities between marginal development in simple leaves and leaflet formation.
45. DeMason D.A., and Polowick P.L. Patterns of DR5{proportion}GUS expression in organs of pea (Pisum sativum). Int J Plant Sci 170 (2009) 1-11
46. DeMason D.A., and Chawla R. Roles for auxin during morphogenesis of the compound leaves of pea (Pisum sativum). Planta 218 (2004) 435-448
47. Wang H., Jones B., Li Z., Frasse P., Delalande C., Regad F., Chaabouni S., Latche A., Pech J.C., and Bouzayen M. The tomato Aux/IAA transcription factor IAA9 is involved in fruit development and leaf morphogenesis. Plant Cell 17 (2005) 2676-2692
48. Zhang J., Chen R., Xiao J., Qian C., Wang T., Li H., Ouyang B., and Ye Z. A single-base deletion mutation in SlIAA9 gene causes tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) entire mutant. J Plant Res 120 (2007) 671-678
49. ••].
50. ••], they provide major insight into how auxin and the NAM/CUC3 genes pattern dissected leaves to generate their specific shapes.
51. Aida M., and Tasaka M. Morphogenesis and patterning at the organ boundaries in the higher plant shoot apex. Plant Mol Biol 60 (2006) 915-928
52. Rast M.I., and Simon R. The meristem-to-organ boundary: more than an extremity of anything. Curr Opin Genet Dev 18 (2008) 287-294
53. Nikovics K., Blein T., Peaucelle A., Ishida T., Morin H., Aida M., and Laufs P. The balance between the MIR164A and CUC2 genes controls leaf margin serration in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 18 (2006) 2929-2945
54. Hamant O., Heisler M.G., Jonsson H., Krupinski P., Uyttewaal M., Bokov P., Corson F., Sahlin P., Boudaoud A., Meyerowitz E.M., et al. Developmental patterning by mechanical signals in Arabidopsis. Science 322 (2008) 1650-1655
55. Kwiatkowska D., and Dumais J. Growth and morphogenesis at the vegetative shoot apex of Anagallis arvensis L. J Exp Bot 54 (2003) 1585-1595
56. Reddy G.V., Heisler M.G., Ehrhardt D.W., and Meyerowitz E.M. Real-time lineage analysis reveals oriented cell divisions associated with morphogenesis at the shoot apex of Arabidopsis thaliana. Development 131 (2004) 4225-4237
57. de Reuille P.B., Bohn-Courseau I., Ljung K., Morin H., Carraro N., Godin C., and Traas J. Computer simulations reveal properties of the cell-cell signaling network at the shoot apex in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103 (2006) 1627-1632
58. Uchida N., Townsley B., Chung K.H., and Sinha N. Regulation of SHOOT MERISTEMLESS genes via an upstream-conserved noncoding sequence coordinates leaf development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104 (2007) 15953-15958. The authors identify a conserved cis-regulatory sequence that is required for the maintenance of KNOXI repression during simple leaf development.
59. Hake S., Smith H.M., Holtan H., Magnani E., Mele G., and Ramirez J. The role of knox genes in plant development. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 20 (2004) 125-151
60. Smith H.M., and Hake S. The interaction of two homeobox genes, BREVIPEDICELLUS and PENNYWISE, regulates internode patterning in the Arabidopsis inflorescence. Plant Cell 15 (2003) 1717-1727