Comparative study based on sediment characteristics and macrobenthic communities in two Italian lagoons

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment

Volumn 160, Issue 1-4, 2010, Pages 237-256

  Specchiulli, Antonietta ^a   Renzi, Monia ^b   Scirocco, Tommaso ^a   Cilenti, Lucrezia ^a   Florio, Marisa ^a   Breber, Paolo ^a   Focardi, Silvia ^b   Bastianoni, Simone ^b  

^a INSTITUTE OF MARINE SCIENCES   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SIENA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Coastal lagoon; Italian coast; Macrobenthic assemblages; Multivariate analyses; Sediment characteristics

Indexed keywords

BENTHIC ORGANISMS; CENTRAL ZONE; COASTAL LAGOONS; COMPARATIVE STUDIES; DIVERSITY INDEX; EASTERN AREA; FINE-GRAINED SEDIMENT; FRESHWATER INPUTS; MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITY; MULTI VARIATE ANALYSIS; NUMBER OF SPECIES; SAMPLING SITE; SEDIMENT CHARACTERISTIC; SEDIMENT DISTRIBUTION; SEDIMENT GRAIN SIZE; SEDIMENT MATRICES; SPECIES RICHNESS; STRUCTURE ANALYSIS; TOTAL NITROGEN; TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON; TOTAL PHOSPHORUS;

DECISION MAKING; LANDFORMS; MULTIVARIANT ANALYSIS; ORGANIC CARBON; PHOSPHORUS; SEDIMENTOLOGY; SEDIMENTS;

LAKES;

FRESH WATER; NITROGEN; ORGANIC CARBON; PHOSPHORUS; SEA WATER;

ABUNDANCE; COASTAL LAGOON; COASTAL SEDIMENT; FINE GRAINED SEDIMENT; GRAIN SIZE; MACROBENTHOS; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; NITROGEN; ORDINATION; PHOSPHORUS; SPECIES RICHNESS; TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON;

ARTICLE; CLAY; CONTROLLED STUDY; GRAIN; ITALY; LAGOON; MACROBENTHOS; MARINE ENVIRONMENT; POPULATION ABUNDANCE; SEASHORE; SEDIMENT; SPECIES DIVERSITY; TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON; WATER QUALITY;

ANIMALS; BIODIVERSITY; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; GEOLOGIC SEDIMENTS; INVERTEBRATES; ITALY; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; POPULATION DENSITY; SEAWATER;

FOGGIA; ITALY; LESINA LAGOON; PUGLIA;

LESINA;

EID: 74349100123     PISSN: 01676369     EISSN: 15732959     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10661-008-0691-x     Document Type: Article

References (100)

1. R. Alden III S. B. Weisberg A. Ranasinghe D. M. Dauer 1997 Optimizing temporal sampling strategies for benthic environmental monitoring programs Marine Pollution Bulletin 34 11 913 922 10.1016/S0025-326X(97)00049-0 doi:10.1016/S0025-326X(97)00049-0 (Pubitemid 28026488)
2. K. I. Aspila H. Agemiam A. S. Y. Chau 1976 A semiautomated method for the determination of inorganic, organic and total phosphate in sediments Analyst (London) 101 187 197 10.1039/an9760100187 1:CAS:528:DyaE28Xkt1yht74%3D doi:10.1039/an9760100187
3. R. S. K. Barnes 1991 European estuaries and lagoons: A personal overview of problems and possibilities for conservation and management Aquatic Conservation 1 79 87 10.1002/aqc.3270010107 doi:10.1002/aqc.3270010107
4. R. S. K. Barnes 1995 European coastal lagoons, macrotidal versus microtidal contrasts Biologia Marina Mediterranea 2 3 7
5. H. Bazaïri A. Bayed M. Glémarec C. Hily 2003 Spatial organisation of macrozoobenthic communities in response to environmental factors in a coastal lagoon of the NW African coast (Merja Zerga, Marocco) Oceanologica Acta 26 457 471 10.1016/S0399-1784(03)00041-0 doi:10.1016/S0399-1784(03)00041-0 (Pubitemid 37481261)
6. L. G. Bellucci M. Frignani D. Paolucci M. Ravanelli 2002 Distribution of heavy metals in sediments of the Venice lagoon: The role of the industrial area The Science of the Total Environment 295 35 49 10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00040-2 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xlt12gurk%3D doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00040-2 (Pubitemid 34712016)
7. G. F. Birch 2000 Marine pollution in Australia, with special emphasis on central New South Wales estuaries and adjacent continental margin International Journal of Environment and Pollution 13 411 423 10.1504/IJEP.2000.002334 doi:10.1504/IJEP.2000.002334
8. O. K. Bordovskiy 1965 Accumulation of organic matter in bottom sediments Marine Geology 3 33 82 10.1016/0025-3227(65)90004-6 doi:10.1016/0025-3227(65) 90004-6
9. P. Breber T. Scirocco 1998 Open-sea mussel farming in Southern Italy Eastfish Magazine 22 36 38
10. C. Caroppo 2000 The contribution of picophytoplankton to community structure in a Mediterranean brackish environment Journal of Plankton Research 22 381 397 10.1093/plankt/22.2.381 doi:10.1093/plankt/22.2.381
11. G. Carrada 1990 Le lagune costiere Le Scienze 264 32 39
12. S. Carvalho A. Moura M. B. Gaspar P. Pereira L. Cancela da Fonseca M. Falcão, et al. 2005 Spatial and inter-annual variability of the macrobenthic communities within a coastal lagoon (Óbidos lagoon) and its relationship with environmental parameters Acta Oecologica 27 143 159 10.1016/j.actao.2004.11.004 doi:10.1016/j.actao.2004.11.004 (Pubitemid 40801835)
13. G. Cauwet 1988 Distribution and accumulation of organic matter in a tropical coastal lagoon, the Tabacarigua lagoon, Venezuela The Science of the Total Environment 75 261 270 10.1016/0048-9697(88)90039-3 1:CAS:528: DyaL1cXmtFGmt7s%3D doi:10.1016/0048-9697(88)90039-3 (Pubitemid 18226694)
14. Chatfield, C., & Collins, A. J. (1980). Introduction to multivariate analysis. London: Chapman & Hall.
15. K. R. Clarke R. H. Green 1988 Statistical design and analysis for a "biological effects" study Marine Ecology Progress Series 46 213 226 10.3354/meps046213 doi:10.3354/meps046213
16. Clarke, K. R., & Warwick, R. M. (1994). Changes in marine communities: An approach to statistical analysis and interpretation. Plymouth, UK: Plymouth Marine Laboratory, 183 pp.
17. K. R. Clarke R. M. Warwick 1998 A taxonomic distinctness index and its statistical properties it Journal of Applied Ecology, 35 523 531 10.1046/j.1365-2664.1998.3540523.x doi:10.1046/j.1365-2664.1998.3540523.x
18. Clarke, K. R., & Warwick, R. M. (2001). Change in marine communities: An approach to statistical analysis and interpretation (2nd ed.). Plymouth: Primer-E.
19. Colombo, G. (1977). Lagoons. In The coastline (pp. 63-82). Chichester: Wiley.
20. S. Como P. Magni D. Casu A. Floris G. Giordani S. Natale, et al. 2007 Sediment characteristics and macrofauna distribution along a human-modified inlet in the Gulf of Oristano (Sardinia, Italy) Marine Pollution Bulletin 54 733 744 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2007.01.007 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXmtVOquro%3D doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2007.01.007 (Pubitemid 46860297)
21. C. W. Corbett M. Wahl D. E. Porter D. Edwards C. Moise 1997 Non-point source runoff modelling: A comparison of forested watershed and an urban watershed on the South Carolina coast Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 213 133 149 10.1016/S0022-0981(97)00013-0 doi:10.1016/S0022-0981(97) 00013-0 (Pubitemid 27237357)
22. G. C. Cozzolino 1995 Macrofitobenthos della laguna di Lesina: Cartografia estiva Biologia Marina Mediterranea 2 2 361 363
23. D. M. Dauer R. W. Alden 1995 Long-term trends in the macrobenthos and water quality of the lower Chesapeake Bay (1985-1991) Marine Pollution Bulletin 30 840 850 10.1016/0025-326X(95)00091-Z 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XislCnsA%3D%3D doi:10.1016/0025-326X(95)00091-Z (Pubitemid 26010925)
24. A. M. De Biasi L. Benedetti-Cecchi L. Pacciardi E. Maggi S. Vaselli I. Bertocci 2003 Spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of plants and benthic invertebrates in the lagoon of Orbetello (Italy) Oceanologica Acta 26 39 46 10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01226-4 doi:10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01226-4 (Pubitemid 36530869)
25. G. De Falco P. Magni L. M. H. Teräsvuori G. Matteucci 2004 Sediment grain-size and organic carbon distribution in the Cabras lagoon (Sardinia, west Mediterranean) Chemistry and Ecology 20 Suppl I 367 377 10.1080/ 02757540310001629189 doi:10.1080/02757540310001629189 (Pubitemid 39342257)
26. D. M. Di Toro P. R. Paquin K. Subburamu D. A. Gruber 1990 Sediment oxygen demand model: Methane and ammonia oxidation Journal of Environmental Engineering 116 945 986 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1990)116:5(945) doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1990)116:5(945)
27. A. Dye F. Barros 2005 Spatial patterns of macrofaunal assemblages in intermittently closed/open coastal lakes in New South Wales, Australia Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 64 357 371 10.1016/j.ecss.2005.02.029 doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2005.02.029 (Pubitemid 40938541)
28. V. D. Engle J. K. Summers G. R. Gaston 1994 A benthic index of environmental condition of Gulf of Mexico estuaries Estuaries 17 372 384 10.2307/1352670 doi:10.2307/1352670
29. Förstner, U., & Wittmann, G. T. W. (1979). Metal pollution in the aquatic environment. Berlin: Springer.
30. F. Frascari G. Matteucci O. Giordano 2002 Evolution of an eutrophic coastal lagoon ecosystem from the study of bottom sediments Hydrobiologia 475/476 387 401 10.1023/A:1020399627807 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xntlygur8%3D doi:10.1023/A:1020399627807 (Pubitemid 35288760)
31. M. F. Gravina G. D. Ardizzone F. Scaletta C. Chimenz 1989 Descriptive analysis and classification of benthic communities in some Mediterranean coastal lagoons (Central Italy) Marine Ecology (Berlin) 10 141 166 10.1111/j.1439-0485. 1989.tb00071.x doi:10.1111/j.1439-0485.1989.tb00071.x
32. Guélorget, O., & Perthuisot, J. P. (1983). Le domaine paralique. Expressions géologiques, biologiques et économiques du confinement. Trav. Lab. Géologie, Ecole Norm. Sup., Paris 16, 136p.
33. O. Guélorget J. P. Perthiusot 1992 Paralic ecosystems Vie et Milieu 42 2 215 251
34. ICRAM (2001). Metodologie analitiche di riferimento (Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio Ed.) pp. 150.
35. R. G. Keil E. C. Tsamakis C. B. Fuh J. C. Giddings J. I. Hedges 1994 Mineralogical and textural controls on the organic composition of coastal marine sediments: Hydrodynamic separation using SPLITT-fractionation Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 58 879 893 10.1016/0016-7037(94)90512-6 1:CAS:528: DyaK2cXhs12ht70%3D doi:10.1016/0016-7037(94)90512-6 (Pubitemid 24399590)
36. Kiener, A. (1978). Ecologie, physiologie et économie des eaux saumâtres. Paris: Masson.
37. D. Koutsoubas C. Dounas C. Arvanitidis S. Kornilios G. Petihakis G. Triantafyllou, et al. 2000 Macrobenthic community structure and disturbance assessment in Gialova Lagoon, Ionian Sea ICES Journal of Marine Science 57 1472 1480 10.1006/jmsc.2000.0905 doi:10.1006/jmsc.2000.0905 (Pubitemid 32108851)
38. J. B. Kruskal 1964 Multidimensional scaling by optimizing goodness of fit to a non metric hypothesis Psychometrika 29 1 27 10.1007/BF02289565 doi:10.1007/BF02289565
39. C. Labrune A. Grémare J. M. Amouroux R. Sardá J. Gil S. Taboada 2007 Assessment of soft- bottom polychaete assemblages in the Gulf of Lions (NW Mediterranean) based on a mesoscale survey Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 71 133 147 10.1016/j.ecss.2006.07.007 doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2006.07. 007 (Pubitemid 44937462)
40. I. La Jeunesse M. Elliott 2004 Anthropogenic regulation of the phosphorus balance in the Thau catchment-coastal lagoon system (Mediterranean Sea, France) over 24 years Marine Pollution Bulletin 48 679 687 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2003.10. 011 doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2003.10.011 (Pubitemid 38376245)
41. C. Lardicci F. Rossi 1998 Detection of stress on macrozoobenthos: Evaluation of some methods in a coastal Mediterranean lagoon Marine Environmental Research 45 367 386 10.1016/S0141-1136(98)00099-3 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXlsFemsLs%3D doi:10.1016/S0141-1136(98)00099-3 (Pubitemid 28398475)
42. C. Lardicci F. Rossi A. Castelli 1997 Analysis of macrozoobenthic community structure after severe dystrophic crises in a Mediterranean coastal lagoon Marine Pollution Bulletin 34 536 547 10.1016/S0025-326X(96)00164-6 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXmt1Wgtbw%3D doi:10.1016/S0025-326X(96)00164-6 (Pubitemid 27405864)
43. C. Lardicci S. Como S. Corti F. Rossi 2001 Recovery of the macrozoobenthic community after sever dystrophic crises in a Mediterranean coastal lagoon (Orbetello, Italy) Marine Pollution Bulletin 42 202 214 10.1016/S0025-326X(00)00144-2 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXit12mur0%3D doi:10.1016/S0025-326X(00)00144-2 (Pubitemid 32175650)
44. H. Le Bris M. Glemarec 1996 Marine and brackish ecosystems of South Brittany (Lorient and Vilaine Bays) with particular reference to the effect of the turbidity maxima Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 42 737 753 10.1006/ecss.1996.0047 1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xkt1Ogsrw%3D doi:10.1006/ecss.1996.0047 (Pubitemid 26287587)
45. M. Lenzi M. G. Finora E. Persia S. Comandi V. Gargiulo D. Solari, et al. 2005 Biogeochemical effects of disturbance in shallow water sediment by macroalgae harvesting boats Marine Pollution Bulletin 50 512 519 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXks1Kqtb4%3D
46. L. Lijklema 1986 Phosphorus accumulation in sediments and internal loading Hydrological Bulletin 20 213 224 10.1007/BF02291164 1:CAS:528: DyaL2sXhvVahsbw%3D doi:10.1007/BF02291164
47. E. R. Long D. D. MacDonald S. L. Smith F. D. Calder 1995 Incidence of adverse biological effects within ranges of chemical concentrations in marine and estuarine sediments Environmental Management 19 81 97 10.1007/BF02472006 doi:10.1007/BF02472006
48. K. Lukawska-Matuszewska J. Bolalek 2008 Spatial distribution of phosphorus forms in sediments in the Gulf of Gdańsk (southern Baltic Sea) Continental Shelf Research 28 977 990 10.1016/j.csr.2008.01.009 doi:10.1016/j.csr.2008.01.009
49. F. Maggiore E. Keppel 2007 Biodiversity and distribution of polychaetes and molluscs along the Dese estuary (Lagoon of Venice, Italy) Hydrobiologia 588 189 203 10.1007/s10750-007-0662-1 doi:10.1007/s10750-007-0662-1 (Pubitemid 47194657)
50. P. Magni S. Micheletti D. Casu A. Floris G. Giordani A. Petrov, et al. 2005 Relationships between chemical characteristics of sediments and macrofaunal communities in the Cabras lagoon (Western Mediterranean, Italy) Hydrobiologia 550 105 119 10.1007/s10750-005-4367-z 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtVamtrrE doi:10.1007/s10750-005-4367-z (Pubitemid 41361332)
51. P. Magni G. De Falco S. Como D. Casu A. Floris A. N. Petrov, et al. 2008 Distribution and ecological relevance of fine sediments in organic-enriched lagoons: The case study of the Cabras lagoon (Sardinia, Italy) Marine Pollution Bulletin 56 549 564 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2007.12.004 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD1cXjsVKrsLs%3D doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2007.12.004
52. P. Magni S. Rajagopal G. van der Velde G. Fenzi J. Kassenberg S. Vizzini, et al. 2008 Functions and ecological status of eight Italian lagoons examined using biological traits analysis (BTA) Marine Pollution Bulletin 56 1076 1085 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2007.12.004 doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2007.12.004
53. Marchini, A., Munari, C., Mistri, M. (2008). Functions and ecological status of eight Italian lagoons examined using biological traits analysis (BTA). Marine Pollution Bulletin, 56, 1076-1085. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.03.027.
54. Marolla, V. (1980). Nota preliminare su alcune caratteristiche chimico-fisiche della laguna di Varano durante l'anno 1970. Technical Report of National Research Council-Institue of Marine Science-Department of Lesina, 17pp.
55. Marolla, V. (1981). La laguna di Varano: Condizioni chimico-fisiche durante l'anno 1975. Technical Report of National Research Council-Institue of Marine Science-Department of Lesina, 41pp.
56. Marolla, V., Franchi, M., Casolino, G., & Maselli, M. M. A. (1995). La laguna di Lesina: Variazione durante il 1994 dei principali parametri chimico-fisici. Technical Report of National Research Council-Institue of Marine Science-Department of Lesina, 14pp.
57. C. N. Marzano L. Scalera Liaci A. Fianchini F. Gravina M. Mercurio G. Corriero 2003 Distribution, persistence and change in the macrobenthos of the lagoon of Lesina (Apulia, southern Adriatic Sea) Oceanologica Acta 26 57 66 10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01229-X doi:10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01229-X (Pubitemid 36530871)
58. Matheron, G., & Armstrong, M. (1987). Geostatistical case studies. Dordrecht: Reidel.
59. L. M. Mayer 1994 Relationships between mineral surfaces and organic carbon concentrations in soils and sediments Chemical Geology 114 347 363 10.1016/0009-2541(94)90063-9 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXktFCiurk%3D doi:10.1016/0009- 2541(94)90063-9
60. I. N. McCave B. Menighetti S. G. Robinson 1995 Sortable silt and fine sediment size/composition slicing: Parameters for palaeocurrents speed and palaeooceanography Paleoceanography 10 593 610 10.1029/94PA03039 doi:10.1029/94PA03039 (Pubitemid 26462854)
61. B. Millet O. Guelorget 1994 Spatial and seasonal variability in the relationships between benthic communities and physical environment in a lagoon ecosystem Marine Ecology Progress Series 108 161 174 10.3354/meps108161 doi:10.3354/meps108161
62. M. Mistri 2002 Persistence of benthic communities: A case study from the Valli di Comacchio, a Northern Adriatic lagoonal ecosystem (Italy) ICES Journal of Marine Science 59 314 322 10.1006/jmsc.2001.1169 doi:10.1006/jmsc.2001.1169 (Pubitemid 35235316)
63. M. Mistri R. Rossi E. A. Fano 2001 Structure and secondary production of a soft bottom macrobenthic community in a brackish lagoon (Sacca di Goro, north-eastern Italy) Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 52 605 616 10.1006/ecss.2001.0757 doi:10.1006/ecss.2001.0757 (Pubitemid 32752251)
64. A. P. Mucha M. H. Costa 1999 Macrozoobenthic structure in two Portuguese estuaries: Relationship with organic enrichment and nutrient gradients Acta Oecologica 20 363 376 10.1016/S1146-609X(99)00130-7 doi:10.1016/S1146-609X(99) 00130-7 (Pubitemid 29514685)
65. S. M. Mudge J. A. East M. J. Bebianno L. A. Barbeira 1998 Fatty acids in the Ria Formosa Lagoon, Portugal Organic Geochemistry 29 4 963 977 10.1016/S0146-6380(98)00049-7 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXkvFyjuw%3D%3D doi:10.1016/S0146-6380(98)00049-7 (Pubitemid 29020035)
66. C. Munari 2008 Effects of the exotic invader Musculista senhousia on benthic communities of two Mediterranean lagoons Hydrobiologia 611 29 43 10.1007/s10750-008-9459-0 doi:10.1007/s10750-008-9459-0
67. L. M. Nguyen J. G. Cooke G. B. McBride 1997 Phosphorus retention and release characteristics of sewage-impacted wetland sediments Water Soil Air Pollution 100 163 179 10.1023/A:1018340028411 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXotFWjs7s%3D doi:10.1023/A:1018340028411
68. S. W. Nixon 1982 Nutrient dynamics, primary production and fisheries yields of lagoons Oceanologica Acta 5 357 371
69. S. Nixon 1988 Physical energy inputs and the comparative ecology of lake and marine ecosystems Limnology and Oceanography 33 1005 1025 1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXlvFKmur0%3D
70. B. L. Nowicki S. W. Nixon 1985 Benthic community metabolism in a coastal lagoon ecosystem Marine Ecology Progress Series 22 21 30 10.3354/meps022021 doi:10.3354/meps022021
71. F. Olsgard P. J. Sommerfield M. R. Carr 1998 Relationships between taxonomic resolution, macrobenthic community patterns and disturbance Marine Ecology Progress Series 172 25 36 10.3354/meps172025 doi:10.3354/meps172025
72. P. N. Owens D. E. Walling 2002 The phosphorus content of fluvial sediment in rural and industrialized river basins Water Research 36 685 701 10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00247-0 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXovFCntLg%3D doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00247-0 (Pubitemid 33101162)
73. F. Paez-Osuna H. Bojórquez-Leyva C. Green-Ruiz 1998 Total carbohydrates: Organic carbon in lagoon sediments as an indicator of organic events from agriculture and sugar-cane industry Environmental Pollution 102 321 326 10.1016/S0269-7491(98)00045-1 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXnsFOlsrk%3D doi;10.1016/S0269-7491(98)00045-1
74. T. H. Pearson R. Rosemberg 1978 Macrobenthic succession in relation to organic enrichment and pollution of the marine environment Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review 5 229 311
75. A. Perez-Ruzafa A. I. Fernandez C. Marcos J. Gilabert J. I. Quispe J. A. Garcia-Charton 2005 Spatial and temporal variations of hydrological conditions, nutrients and chlorophyll a in a Mediterranean coastal lagoon (Mar Menor, Spain) Hydrobiologia 550 11 27 10.1007/s10750-005-4356-2 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtVamtrrO doi:10.1007/s10750-005-4356-2 (Pubitemid 41361328)
76. M. Picone M. Bergamin A. Arizzi Novelli S. Noventa E. Delaney A. Barbanti, et al. 2008 Evaluation of Corophium orientale as bioindicator for Venice Lagoon: Sensitivity assessment and toxicity-score proposal Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 70 174 184 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2006.06.005 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXktV2rsbs%3D doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2006.06.005
77. I. R. Pomeroy E. E. Smith C. M. Grant 1965 The exchange of phosphate between estuarine water and sediments Limnology and Oceanography 10 167 172
78. Priore, G., La Salandra, G., & Villani, P. (1994). The ascent of Sparidae and Soleidae Fry in the Lesina lagoon (Foggia-Italy). Bollettino della Società Adriatica di Scienze LXXV, II, 335-351.
79. S. Reizopoulou M. Thessalou-Legaki A. Nicolaidou 1996 Assessment of disturbance in Mediterranean lagoons: An evaluation of methods Marine Biology (Berlin) 125 189 197 10.1007/BF00350773 doi:10.1007/BF00350773
80. R. Sardà K. Foreman I. Valiela 1995 Macroinfauna of a southern New England salt marsh, seasonal dynamics and production Marine Biology (Berlin) 121 431 445 10.1007/BF00349452 doi:10.1007/BF00349452 (Pubitemid 26448836)
81. M. H. Schleyer G. A. Roberts 1987 Detritus cycling in a shallow coastal lagoon in Natal, South Africa Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 110 27 40 10.1016/0022-0981(87)90064-5 doi:10.1016/0022-0981(87)90064-5
82. U. Selig 2003 Particle size-related phosphate binding and P-release at the sediment-water interface in a shallow German lake Hydrobiologia 492 107 118 10.1023/A:1024865828601 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXlsFKrur8%3D doi:10.1023/A: 1024865828601 (Pubitemid 37024037)
83. A. Sfriso A. Marcomini B. Pavoni A. A. Orio 1992 Macroalgae, nutrient cycles, and pollutants in the Lagoon of Venice Estuaries 15 517 528 10.2307/1352394 1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXktleqsL8%3D doi:10.2307/1352394
84. F. P. Shepard 1954 Nomenclature based on sand-silt-clay ratios Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 24 151 158
85. R. N. Shepard 1962 The analysis of proximities: Multidimensional scaling with an unknown distances function Psychometrika 27 125 140 10.1007/BF02289630 doi:10.1007/BF02289630
86. P. J. Sommerfield K. R. Clarke 1995 Taxonomic levels, in marine community studies, revisited Marine Ecology Progress Series 127 113 115 10.3354/meps127113 doi:10.3354/meps127113
87. P. Sordino M. C. Gambi G. C. Carrada 1989 Spatial-temporal distribution of polychaetes in an Italian coastal lagoon (Lago Fusaro, Naples) Cahiers de Biologie Marine 30 375 391
88. Y. I. Sorokin P. Y. Sorokin A. Gnes 1996 Structure and functioning of the anthropogenically transformed Comacchio lagoonal ecosystem (Ferrara, Italy) Marine Ecology Progress Series 133 57 71 10.3354/meps133057 doi:10.3354/ meps133057
89. F. Spagnoli A. Specchiulli T. Scirocco G. Carapella P. Villani G. Casolino, et al. 2002 The Lago di Varano: Hydrologic characteristics and sediment composition Marine Ecology (Berlin) 23 Supp. I 384 394 10.1111/j.1439-0485.2002.tb00036.x doi:10.1111/j.1439-0485.2002.tb00036.x
90. A. Specchiulli S. Focardi M. Renzi T. Scirocco L. Cilenti P. Breber, et al. 2008 Environmental heterogeneity patterns and assessment of trophic levels in two Mediterranean lagoons: Orbetello and Varano, Italy The Science of the Total Environment 402 285 298 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.04.052 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXps1els78%3D doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.04.052
91. D. I. Taylor S. W. Nixon S. L. Granger B. A. Buckley 1995 Responses of coastal lagoon plant communities to levels of nutrient enrichment: A mesocosm study Estuaries 22 1041 1056 10.2307/1353082 doi:10.2307/1353082
92. J. Tian P. Zhou 2008 Phosphorus fractions and adsorption characteristics of floodplain sediments in the lower reaches of the Hanjiang River, China Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 137 233 241 10.1007/s10661-007-9743-x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXisVyisr4%3D
93. A. Vatova 1953 Un triennio di ricerche sulle valli da pesca Nova Thalassia II 2 3 17
94. R. W. Vermont A. N. McDowell A. T. Sharpley 2002 Land use and flow regime effects on phosphorus chemical dynamics in the fluvial sediment of the Winooski River Ecological Engineering 18 477 487 10.1016/S0925-8574(01)00108-2 doi:10.1016/S0925-8574(01)00108-2 (Pubitemid 34499775)
95. Villani, P., Carapella, G., Scirocco, T., Specchiulli, A., Maselli, M., Schiamone, R., et al. (2000). Progetto Integrato di Recupero e Riqualificazione della Zona Umida della Laguna di Varano. Technical Reports by Consorzio ELTCON, 226 pp.
96. M. H. Wahl H. N. McKellar T. M. Williams 1997 Patterns of nutrient loading in forested and urbanized coastal streams Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 213 111 131 10.1016/S0022-0981(97)00012-9 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXjsFyhtLY%3D doi:10.1016/S0022-0981(97)00012-9 (Pubitemid 27237356)
97. R. M. Warwick 1986 A new method for detecting pollution effects on marine macrobenthic communities Marine Biology (Berlin) 92 557 562 10.1007/BF00392515 doi:10.1007/BF00392515
98. R. M. Warwick 1988 The level of taxonomic discrimination required to detect pollution effects on marine benthic communities Marine Pollution Bulletin 19 259 268 10.1016/0025-326X(88)90596-6 doi:10.1016/0025-326X(88)90596-6
99. S. B. Weisberg J. A. Ranasinghe D. M. Dauer L. C. Schaffner R. J. Diaz J. B. Frithsen 1997 An estuarine Benthic Index of Biotic Integrity (B-IBI) for Chesapeake Bay Estuaries 20 1 149 158 10.2307/1352728 doi:10.2307/1352728
100. Wolff, W. J. (1983). Estuarine benthos. In B. H. Ketchum (Ed.), Estuaries and enclosed seas (pp. 151-182). Elsevier: Amsterdam.