메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 65, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 499-510

Responses of poultry to ultraviolet radiation

Author keywords

Avian vision; Egg production; Growth; Leg disorders; Ultraviolet; Vitamin D

Indexed keywords

AVES;

EID: 74049100099     PISSN: 00439339     EISSN: 17434777     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0043933909000361     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (45)

References (59)
  • 1
    • 0032040380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of Different Levels of Vitamins a and e on the Utilization of Cholecalciferol by Broiler Chickens
    • ABURTO, A. and BRITTON, W.M. (1998) Effects of different levels of vitamins A and E on the utilization of cholecalciferol by broiler chickens. Poultry Science 77: 570-577. (Pubitemid 128526051)
    • (1998) Poultry Science , vol.77 , Issue.4 , pp. 570-577
    • Aburto, A.1    Brittonz, W.M.2
  • 2
    • 0016930833 scopus 로고
    • The effect of continuous ultraviolet irradiation on broiler chicks
    • BARNETT, K.C. and LAURSEN-JONES, A.P. (1976) The effect of continuous ultraviolet irradiation on broiler chicks. British Poultry Science 17: 175-177.
    • (1976) British Poultry Science , vol.17 , pp. 175-177
    • Barnett, K.C.1    Laursen-Jones, A.P.2
  • 3
    • 0041691735 scopus 로고
    • The effect of ultraviolet radiation on egg production of hens
    • BAROTT, H.G., SCHOENLEBER, L.G. and CAMPBELL, L.E. (1951) The effect of ultraviolet radiation on egg production of hens. Poultry Science 30: 409-416.
    • (1951) Poultry Science , vol.30 , pp. 409-416
    • Barott, H.G.1    Schoenleber, L.G.2    Campbell, L.E.3
  • 4
    • 0028231804 scopus 로고
    • Ultraviolet vision in birds: What is its function?
    • BENNETT, A.T.D. and CUTHILL, I.C. (1994) Ultraviolet vision in birds: What is its function? Vision Research 34: 1471-1478.
    • (1994) Vision Research , vol.34 , pp. 1471-1478
    • Bennett, A.T.D.1    Cuthill, I.C.2
  • 5
    • 0029661775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultraviolet vision and mate choice in zebra finches
    • BENNETT, A.T.D., CUTHILL, I.C., PARTRIDGE, J.C. and MAIER, E.J. (1996) Ultraviolet vision and mate choice in zebra finches. Nature 380: 433-435.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.380 , pp. 433-435
    • Bennett, A.T.D.1    Cuthill, I.C.2    Partridge, J.C.3    Maier, E.J.4
  • 7
    • 0001455054 scopus 로고
    • The role of the eye and of the hypothalamus in the photo-stimulation of gonads in the duck
    • BENOIT, J. (1964) The role of the eye and of the hypothalamus in the photo-stimulation of gonads in the duck. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 111: 204-216.
    • (1964) Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , vol.111 , pp. 204-216
    • Benoit, J.1
  • 8
    • 23044478065 scopus 로고
    • Contribution à l'étude du réflexe optohypophysaire. Gonadostimulation chez le canard soumis à des radiations lumineuses de diverses longueurs d'onde
    • BENOIT, J., WALTER, F.X. and ASSENMACHER, I. (1950) Contribution à l'étude du réflexe optohypophysaire. Gonadostimulation chez le canard soumis à des radiations lumineuses de diverses longueurs d'onde. Journal of Physiology 42: 537-541.
    • (1950) Journal of Physiology , vol.42 , pp. 537-541
    • Benoit, J.1    Walter, F.X.2    Assenmacher, I.3
  • 9
    • 0030839165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual pigments and oil droplets from six classes of photoreceptor in the retina of birds
    • BOWMAKER, J.K., HEATH, L.A., WILKIE, S.E. and HUNT, D.M. (1997) Visual pigments and oil droplets from six classes of photoreceptor in the retina of birds. Vision Research 37: 2183-2194.
    • (1997) Vision Research , vol.37 , pp. 2183-2194
    • Bowmaker, J.K.1    Heath, L.A.2    Wilkie, S.E.3    Hunt, D.M.4
  • 10
    • 0043194676 scopus 로고
    • Absence of response by breeder hens to ultraviolet energy
    • CARSON, J.R. and BEALL, G. (1955) Absence of response by breeder hens to ultraviolet energy. Poultry Science 34: 256-262.
    • (1955) Poultry Science , vol.34 , pp. 256-262
    • Carson, J.R.1    Beall, G.2
  • 11
    • 0040381368 scopus 로고
    • Ultraviolet irradiation of the turkey hen
    • CARSON, J.R. and JUNNILA, W.A. (1953) Ultraviolet irradiation of the turkey hen. Poultry Science 32: 871-873.
    • (1953) Poultry Science , vol.32 , pp. 871-873
    • Carson, J.R.1    Junnila, W.A.2
  • 12
    • 13444251300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gonadotrophin inhibitory hormone depresses gonadotrophin α and follicle stimulating hormone β subunit expression in the pituitary of the domestic chicken
    • CICCONE, N.A., DUNN, I.C., BOSWELL, T., TSUTSUNI, K., UBUKA, T., UKENA, K. and SHARP, P. J. (2004) Gonadotrophin inhibitory hormone depresses gonadotrophin α and follicle stimulating hormone β subunit expression in the pituitary of the domestic chicken. Journal of Neuroendocrinology 16: 999-1006.
    • (2004) Journal of Neuroendocrinology , vol.16 , pp. 999-1006
    • Ciccone, N.A.1    Dunn, I.C.2    Boswell, T.3    Tsutsuni, K.4    Ubuka, T.5    Ukena, K.6    Sharp, P.J.7
  • 13
    • 0004041713 scopus 로고
    • CIE. Vienna: Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage; Publication CIE No 17.
    • CIE (1987) International lighting vocabulary. Vienna: Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage; Publication CIE No 17.
    • (1987) International Lighting Vocabulary
  • 14
    • 2442516429 scopus 로고
    • Ultraviolet light and 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol influence phytate phosphorus utilization by broilers
    • EDWARDS, H.M. Jr. (1993) Ultraviolet light and 1, 25- dihydroxycholecalciferol influence phytate phosphorus utilization by broilers. Poultry Science 72 (Suppl): 247.
    • (1993) Poultry Science , vol.72 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 247
    • EDWARDS Jr., H.M.1
  • 15
    • 0042871353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of u.v. irradiation of very young chickens on growth and bone development
    • EDWARDS, H.M. Jr. (2003) Effects of u.v. irradiation of very young chickens on growth and bone development. British Journal of Nutrition 90: 151-160.
    • (2003) British Journal of Nutrition , vol.90 , pp. 151-160
    • EDWARDS Jr., H.M.1
  • 16
    • 0027016202 scopus 로고
    • Effect of dietary calcium on Tibial Dyschondroplasia. Interaction with light, cholecalciferol, 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, protein, and synthetic zeolite
    • EDWARDS, H.M. Jr., ELLIOT, M.A. and SOONCHARERNYING, S. (1992) Effect of dietary calcium on Tibial Dyschondroplasia. Interaction with light, cholecalciferol, 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, protein, and synthetic zeolite. Poultry Science 71: 2041-2055.
    • (1992) Poultry Science , vol.71 , pp. 2041-2055
    • EDWARDS Jr., H.M.1    Elliot, M.A.2    Sooncharernying, S.3
  • 17
    • 0028370571 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative requirement for cholecalciferol in the absence of ultraviolet light
    • EDWARDS, H.M. Jr., ELLIOT, M.A., SOONCHARERNYING, S. and BRITTON, W.A. (1994) Quantitative requirement for cholecalciferol in the absence of ultraviolet light. Poultry Science 73: 288-294.
    • (1994) Poultry Science , vol.73 , pp. 288-294
    • EDWARDS Jr., H.M.1    Elliot, M.A.2    Sooncharernying, S.3    Britton, W.A.4
  • 18
    • 0031116278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, cholecalciferol, and fluorescent lights on the development of Tibial Dyschondroplasia and Rickets in broiler chickens
    • ELLIOT, M.A. and EDWARDS, H.M. (1997) Effect of 1, 25- dihydroxycholecalciferol, cholecalciferol, and fluorescent lights on the development of Tibial Dyschondroplasia and Rickets in broiler chickens. Poultry Science 76: 570-580.
    • (1997) Poultry Science , vol.76 , pp. 570-580
    • Elliot, M.A.1    Edwards, H.M.2
  • 19
    • 0022398742 scopus 로고
    • The involvement of a rhodopsin-like photopigment in the photoperiodic response of the Japanese quail
    • FOSTER, R.G. and FOLLETT, B.K. (1985) The involvement of a rhodopsin-like photopigment in the photoperiodic response of the Japanese quail. Journal of Comparative Physiology A. 157: 519-528.
    • (1985) Journal of Comparative Physiology A. , vol.157 , pp. 519-528
    • Foster, R.G.1    Follett, B.K.2
  • 20
    • 0017619266 scopus 로고
    • Visual pigments of chicken and pigeon
    • GOVARDOVSKII, V.I. and ZUEVA, L.V. (1977) Visual pigments of chicken and pigeon. Vision Research 17: 537-543.
    • (1977) Vision Research , vol.17 , pp. 537-543
    • Govardovskii, V.I.1    Zueva, L.V.2
  • 21
    • 0042192432 scopus 로고
    • The nutritional requirement of the chicken. V. The influence of ultraviolet light on production, hatchability and fertility of the egg
    • HART, E.B., STEENBOCK, H., LEPKOVSKY, S., KLETZEIN, S.W., HALPIN, J.G. and JOHNSON, O. N. (1925) The nutritional requirement of the chicken. V. The influence of ultraviolet light on production, hatchability and fertility of the egg. Journal of Biological Chemistry 65: 571-595.
    • (1925) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.65 , pp. 571-595
    • Hart, E.B.1    Steenbock, H.2    Lepkovsky, S.3    Kletzein, S.W.4    Halpin, J.G.5    Johnson, O.N.6
  • 22
    • 0033020318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual pigments, cone oil droplets, ocular media and predicted spectral sensitivity in the domestic turkey (Meleagris gallopavo)
    • HART, N.S., PARTRIDGE, J.C. and CUTHILL, I.C. (1999) Visual pigments, cone oil droplets, ocular media and predicted spectral sensitivity in the domestic turkey (Meleagris gallopavo). Vision Research 39 (20): 3321-3328.
    • (1999) Vision Research , vol.39 , Issue.20 , pp. 3321-3328
    • Hart, N.S.1    Partridge, J.C.2    Cuthill, I.C.3
  • 23
    • 0001391429 scopus 로고
    • Spectral characteristics of visible radiation penetrating into the brain and stimulating extraretinal photo-receptors
    • HARTWIG, H.G. and van VEEN, T. (1979) Spectral characteristics of visible radiation penetrating into the brain and stimulating extraretinal photo-receptors. Journal of Comparative Physiology 130: 277-282.
    • (1979) Journal of Comparative Physiology , vol.130 , pp. 277-282
    • Hartwig, H.G.1    Van Veen, T.2
  • 24
    • 74049145820 scopus 로고
    • Effects of cod-liver oil and ultra-violet irradiation, as influenced by oyster shell, in the diet of confined laying hens
    • HENDRICKS, W.A., LEE, A.N. and GODFREY, A.B. (1931) Effects of cod-liver oil and ultra-violet irradiation, as influenced by oyster shell, in the diet of confined laying hens. Journal of Agricultural Research 43: 517-535.
    • (1931) Journal of Agricultural Research , vol.43 , pp. 517-535
    • Hendricks, W.A.1    Lee, A.N.2    Godfrey, A.B.3
  • 25
    • 0031202940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects on White Leghorn hens of constant exposure to ultraviolet light from insect traps
    • HOGSETTE, J.A., WILSON, H.R. and SEMPLE-ROWLAND, S.L. (1997) Effects on White Leghorn hens of constant exposure to ultraviolet light from insect traps. Poultry Science 76: 1134-1137.
    • (1997) Poultry Science , vol.76 , pp. 1134-1137
    • Hogsette, J.A.1    Wilson, H.R.2    Semple-Rowland, S.L.3
  • 26
    • 0033088348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects on commercial broiler chicks of constant exposure to ultraviolet light from insect traps
    • HOGSETTE, J.A. and WILSON, H.R. (1999) Effects on commercial broiler chicks of constant exposure to ultraviolet light from insect traps. Poultry Science 78: 324-326.
    • (1999) Poultry Science , vol.78 , pp. 324-326
    • Hogsette, J.A.1    Wilson, H.R.2
  • 27
    • 37049220032 scopus 로고
    • The influence of ultra-violet light on young laying hens
    • HUGHES, J.S. and PAYNE, L.F. (1924) The influence of ultra-violet light on young laying hens. Science 60: 549-550.
    • (1924) Science , vol.60 , pp. 549-550
    • Hughes, J.S.1    Payne, L.F.2
  • 28
    • 3242668812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines on limits of exposure to ultraviolet radiation of wavelengths between 180 nm and 400 nm (Incoherent optical radiation)
    • ICNIRP (INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION on NON-IONIZING RADIATION PROTECTION)
    • ICNIRP (INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION on NON-IONIZING RADIATION PROTECTION) (2004) Guidelines on limits of exposure to ultraviolet radiation of wavelengths between 180 nm and 400 nm (Incoherent optical radiation). Health Physics 87: 171-186.
    • (2004) Health Physics , vol.87 , pp. 171-186
  • 29
    • 22944482855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual cues used in the choice of mate by fowl and their potential importance for the breeder industry
    • JONES, E.K.M. and PRESCOTT, N.B. (2000) Visual cues used in the choice of mate by fowl and their potential importance for the breeder industry. World's Poultry Science Journal 56: 127-138.
    • (2000) World's Poultry Science Journal , vol.56 , pp. 127-138
    • Jones, E.K.M.1    Prescott, N.B.2
  • 31
    • 0013402893 scopus 로고
    • The provitamin D of the covering tissues of chickens
    • KOCH, E.M. and KOCH, F.C. (1941) The provitamin D of the covering tissues of chickens. Poultry Science 20: 33-35.
    • (1941) Poultry Science , vol.20 , pp. 33-35
    • Koch, E.M.1    Koch, F.C.2
  • 32
    • 1542393020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of twenty-five-hydroxycholecalciferol in the prevention of Tibial Dyschondroplasia in Ross cockerels depends on dietary calcium level
    • LEDWABA, M.F. and ROBERSON, K.D. (2003) Effectiveness of twenty-five-hydroxycholecalciferol in the prevention of Tibial Dyschondroplasia in Ross cockerels depends on dietary calcium level. Poultry Science 82: 1769-1777.
    • (2003) Poultry Science , vol.82 , pp. 1769-1777
    • Ledwaba, M.F.1    Roberson, K.D.2
  • 37
    • 0034204388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of ultraviolet radiation on the performance of intact male turkeys
    • LEWIS, P.D., PERRY, G.C., SHERWIN, C.M. and MOINARD, C. (2000b) Effect of ultraviolet radiation on the performance of intact male turkeys. Poultry Science 79: 850-855.
    • (2000) Poultry Science , vol.79 , pp. 850-855
    • Lewis, P.D.1    Perry, G.C.2    Sherwin, C.M.3    Moinard, C.4
  • 38
    • 34547962613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Illuminance and UVA exposure during rearing affects egg production in broiler breeders transferred to open-sided adult housing
    • LEWIS, P.D., GHEBREMARIAM, W.K. and GOUS, R.M. (2007) Illuminance and UVA exposure during rearing affects egg production in broiler breeders transferred to open-sided adult housing. British Poultry Science 48: 424-429.
    • (2007) British Poultry Science , vol.48 , pp. 424-429
    • Lewis, P.D.1    Ghebremariam, W.K.2    Gous, R.M.3
  • 39
    • 0017024885 scopus 로고
    • Effect of ultraviolet light and oral vitamin D3 on rachitic chicks fed diets containing either corn or rye
    • MAC-AULIFFE, T. and McGINNIS, J. (1976) Effect of ultraviolet light and oral vitamin D3 on rachitic chicks fed diets containing either corn or rye. Poultry Science 55: 2305-2309.
    • (1976) Poultry Science , vol.55 , pp. 2305-2309
    • Mac-Auliffe, T.1    McGinnis, J.2
  • 40
    • 0031067704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of ultraviolet light and cholecalciferol and its metabolites on the development of leg abnormalities in chickens genetically selected for a high and low incidence of Tibial Dyschondroplasia
    • MITCHELL, R.D., EDWARDS, H.M. Jr. and McDANIEL, G.R. (1997) The effects of ultraviolet light and cholecalciferol and its metabolites on the development of leg abnormalities in chickens genetically selected for a high and low incidence of Tibial Dyschondroplasia. Poultry Science 76: 346-354.
    • (1997) Poultry Science , vol.76 , pp. 346-354
    • Mitchell, R.D.1    Edwards Jr., H.M.2    McDaniel, G.R.3
  • 41
    • 0032792307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Turkeys prefer fluorescent light with supplementary ultraviolet radiation
    • MOINARD, C. and SHERWIN, C.M. (1999) Turkeys prefer fluorescent light with supplementary ultraviolet radiation. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 64: 261-267.
    • (1999) Applied Animal Behaviour Science , vol.64 , pp. 261-267
    • Moinard, C.1    Sherwin, C.M.2
  • 43
    • 0041880126 scopus 로고
    • Nutrient requirements of chicken
    • NRC, 9th Edition, (Washington D.C., National Academy Press)
    • NRC (1994) Nutrient Requirements of Chicken, in: Nutrient Requirements of Poultry 9th Edition, pp. 19-34 (Washington D.C., National Academy Press).
    • (1994) Nutrient Requirements of Poultry , pp. 19-34
  • 44
    • 0014874762 scopus 로고
    • Ultraviolet irradiation as a protective measure for chickens exposed to Newcastle Disease virus
    • PEREK, M. and HELLER, E.D. (1970) Ultraviolet irradiation as a protective measure for chickens exposed to Newcastle Disease virus. Poultry Science 49: 1742-1744.
    • (1970) Poultry Science , vol.49 , pp. 1742-1744
    • Perek, M.1    Heller, E.D.2
  • 45
    • 0026583351 scopus 로고
    • Ultraviolet radiation: A zeitgeber for the circadian clock in birds
    • POHL, H. (1992) Ultraviolet radiation: a zeitgeber for the circadian clock in birds. Naturwissenschaften 79: 227-229.
    • (1992) Naturwissenschaften , vol.79 , pp. 227-229
    • Pohl, H.1
  • 46
    • 0033160676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spectral sensitivity of the domestic fowl
    • PRESCOTT, N.B. and WATHES, C.M. (1999a) Spectral sensitivity of the domestic fowl. British Poultry Science 40: 332-339.
    • (1999) British Poultry Science , vol.40 , pp. 332-339
    • Prescott, N.B.1    Wathes, C.M.2
  • 47
    • 0033125689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reflective properties of domestic fowl (Gallus g. domesticus), the fabric of their housing and the characteristics of the light environment in environmentally controlled poultry houses
    • PRESCOTT, N.B. and WATHES, C.M. (1999b) Reflective properties of domestic fowl (Gallus g. domesticus), the fabric of their housing and the characteristics of the light environment in environmentally controlled poultry houses. British Poultry Science 40: 185-193.
    • (1999) British Poultry Science , vol.40 , pp. 185-193
    • Prescott, N.B.1    Wathes, C.M.2
  • 48
    • 17444427774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Near-ultraviolet light perceived by the retina generates the signal suppressing melatonin synthesis in the chick pineal gland-an involvement of NMDA glutamate receptors
    • ROSIAK, J. and ZAWILSKA, J.B. (2005) Near-ultraviolet light perceived by the retina generates the signal suppressing melatonin synthesis in the chick pineal gland-an involvement of NMDA glutamate receptors. Neuroscience Letters 379: 214-217.
    • (2005) Neuroscience Letters , vol.379 , pp. 214-217
    • Rosiak, J.1    Zawilska, J.B.2
  • 49
    • 0011831717 scopus 로고
    • Hypothalamic, pituitary and gonadal hormones
    • CUNNINGHAM, F.J., LAKE, P.E. & HEWITT, D (Eds), (Harlow, Longman Group)
    • SCANES, C.G. (1984) Hypothalamic, pituitary and gonadal hormones, in: CUNNINGHAM, F.J., LAKE, P.E. & HEWITT, D (Eds) Reproductive Biology of Poultry, pp. 1-14 (Harlow, Longman Group).
    • (1984) Reproductive Biology of Poultry , pp. 1-14
    • Scanes, C.G.1
  • 50
    • 0029019418 scopus 로고
    • Release of platelet activating factor (PAF) and eicosanoids in UVCirradiated corneal stromal cells
    • SHENG, Y. and BIRKLE, D.L. (1995) Release of platelet activating factor (PAF) and eicosanoids in UVCirradiated corneal stromal cells. Current Eye Research 14: 341-347.
    • (1995) Current Eye Research , vol.14 , pp. 341-347
    • Sheng, Y.1    Birkle, D.L.2
  • 51
    • 0032986256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Domestic turkeys are not averse to compact fluorescent lighting
    • SHERWIN, C.M. (1999) Domestic turkeys are not averse to compact fluorescent lighting. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 64: 47-55.
    • (1999) Applied Animal Behaviour Science , vol.64 , pp. 47-55
    • Sherwin, C.M.1
  • 52
    • 0033195988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary investigations of ultraviolet-induced markings on domestic turkey chicks and a possible role in injurious pecking
    • SHERWIN, C.M. and DEVEREUX, C.L. (1999) Preliminary investigations of ultraviolet-induced markings on domestic turkey chicks and a possible role in injurious pecking. British Poultry Science 40: 429-433.
    • (1999) British Poultry Science , vol.40 , pp. 429-433
    • Sherwin, C.M.1    Devereux, C.L.2
  • 53
    • 0033255550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of environmental enrichment, fluorescent and intermittent lighting on injurious pecking amongst male turkey poults
    • SHERWIN, C.M., LEWIS, P.D. and PERRY, G.C. (1999) Effects of environmental enrichment, fluorescent and intermittent lighting on injurious pecking amongst male turkey poults. British Poultry Science 40: 592-598.
    • (1999) British Poultry Science , vol.40 , pp. 592-598
    • Sherwin, C.M.1    Lewis, P.D.2    Perry, G.C.3
  • 54
    • 0019012258 scopus 로고
    • Participation of the eyes in the photo-stimulation of chickens
    • SIOPES T.D. and WILSON, W.O. (1980a) Participation of the eyes in the photo-stimulation of chickens. Poultry Science 59: 1122-1125.
    • (1980) Poultry Science , vol.59 , pp. 1122-1125
    • Siopes, T.D.1    Wilson, W.O.2
  • 55
    • 0019215747 scopus 로고
    • Participation of the eyes in the photo-stimulation of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
    • SIOPES T.D. and WILSON, W.O. (1980b) Participation of the eyes in the photo-stimulation of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Biology of Reproduction 23: 352-357.
    • (1980) Biology of Reproduction , vol.23 , pp. 352-357
    • Siopes, T.D.1    Wilson, W.O.2
  • 56
    • 0027930081 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the translocation process of vitamin D3 from the skin into circulation
    • TIAN, XQ., CHEN, T.C., LU, Z., SHAO, Q. and HOLICK, M.F. (1994) Characterization of the translocation process of vitamin D3 from the skin into circulation. Endocrinology 135: 655-661.
    • (1994) Endocrinology , vol.135 , pp. 655-661
    • Tian, X.Q.1    Chen, T.C.2    Lu, Z.3    Shao, Q.4    Holick, M.F.5
  • 57
    • 0042693603 scopus 로고
    • Effect of vitamin D on production and some properties of eggs
    • TITUS, H.W. and NESTER, R.B. (1935) Effect of vitamin D on production and some properties of eggs. Poultry Science 14: 90-98.
    • (1935) Poultry Science , vol.14 , pp. 90-98
    • Titus, H.W.1    Nester, R.B.2
  • 59
    • 0023153039 scopus 로고
    • The photopic spectral sensitivity of the dorsal and ventral retinae of the chicken
    • WORTEL, J.F., RUGENBRINK, H. and NUBOER, J.F.W. (1987) The photopic spectral sensitivity of the dorsal and ventral retinae of the chicken. Journal of Comparative Physiology 160: 151-154
    • (1987) Journal of Comparative Physiology , vol.160 , pp. 151-154
    • Wortel, J.F.1    Rugenbrink, H.2    Nuboer, J.F.W.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.