A simplified analytical model for a-priori lidar point-positioning error estimation and a review of lidar error sources

Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing

Volumn 75, Issue 12, 2009, Pages 1425-1439

  Triglav Čekada, Mihaela ^a   Crosilla, Fabio ^b   Kosmatin Fras, Mojca ^c  

^a Geodetic Institute of Slovenia   (Slovenia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF UDINE   (Italy)

^c UNIVERSITY OF LJUBLJANA   (Slovenia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

OPTICAL RADAR;

ERROR SOURCES; GEOLOCATIONS; HEADING ANGLES; LIDAR SYSTEMS; MAXIMUM ERROR; POINT POSITIONING; PRIORI ERROR; TARGET CHARACTERISTIC;

ERRORS;

ANALYTICAL METHOD; BOUNDARY CONDITION; DATA SET; ERROR ANALYSIS; ERROR CORRECTION; ESTIMATION METHOD; LIDAR;

EID: 73949092933     PISSN: 00991112     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.14358/PERS.75.12.1425     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Ahokas, E., J. Kaartinen, and J. Hyyppä, 2003. A quality assessment of airborne laser scanner data, Proceedings of ISPRS WG 111/3 Workshop - 3-D Reconstruction from Airborne Laser Scanner and InSAR Data, 08-10 October, Dresden, Germany.
2. Albertella, A., M. A. Brovelli, F. Migliaccio, and G. Sona, 1997. Esercizi di Trattamento Statistico dei Dati, Citta Studi Edizioni, Milano, 165 p.
3. h ISPRS Congress, 12-23 July, Istanbul, Turkey.
4. Ahokas, E., X. Yu, J. Oksanen, J. Hyyppä, H. Kaartinen, and H. Hyyppä, 2005a. Optimization of the scanning angle for countrywide laser scanning, Proceedings of the ISPRS WG III/3, V/3 Workshop - Laser Scanning 2005, 12-14 September, Enschede, The Netherlands.
5. Ahokas, E., X. Yu, H. Kaartinen, J. Hyyppä, S. Kaasalainen, L. Matikainen, E. Honkavaara, H. Hyyppä, P. Rönnholm, and A. Soininen, 2005b. Quality of laser scanning, Proceedings of the Workshop: 3D Remote Sensing - Use of the Third Dimension for Remote Sensing Purposes, EARSel Symposium, 10-11 June, Porto, Portugal.
6. Baltsavias, E. P. 1999a. Airborne laser scanning: Existing systems and firms and other resources, ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 54, pp. 164-198.
7. Baltsavias, E. P. 1999b. Airborne laser scanning: Basic relations and formulas, ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 54, pp. 164-198.
8. th Convegno Nazionale SIFET, 14-16 June, Castellaneta Marina, Italy.
9. Bäumker, M., and F. J. Heimes, 2002. New calibration and computing method for direct georeferencing of image and scanner data using the position and angular data of an hybrid inertial navigation system, Integrated Sensor Orientation, Test Report and Workshop Proceedings, OEEPE, No. 43.
10. th Annual Conference of the Remote Sensing Society, 12-14 September, Leicester, England.
11. Beinat, A., and F. Crosilla, 2002. A generalized stochastic model for the optimal global registration of lidar range images, Proceedings of ISPRS Commission III Symposium 2002 - Photogrammetric Computer Vision, 09-13 September, Graz, Austria.
12. Burman, H., 2000. Calibration and Orientation of Airborne Image and Laser Scanner Data using GPS and INS, Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Geodesy and Photogrammetry, Photogrammetric Reports No. 69, Stockholm, Sweden.
13. Brzank, A., J. Göpferd, and P. Lohmann, 2005. Aspects of lidar processing in coastal areas, International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Vol. XXXVI-1/W3, Hannover.
14. Chasmer, L., C. Hopkinson, B. Smith, and P. Treitz, 2006. Examining the influence of changing laser pulse repetition frequencies on conifer forest canopy returns, Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, 72(12):1359-1367.
15. Cramer, M. 1997. GPS/INS Integration, Proceedings of Photogrammetric Week 97, Wichmann Verlag, Heidelberg.
16. Cramer, M., and D. Stallmann, 2002. System calibration for direct georeferencing, International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Science, 34 (3A) :79-84.
17. Crosilla, F., A. Beinat, D. Visintini, B. Fico, and E. Sossai, 2005a. Likelihood and accuracy analysis of 3D building models from airborne laser data, Proceedings of theWorkshop: Italy-Canada, 17-18 May 2005, Padova, Italy, unpaginated CD-ROM.
18. Crosilla, F., D. Visintini, and F. Sepic, 2005. Segmentation procedure of lidar data by applying mixed parametric and nonparametrc models, Proceedings of the ISPRS WG III/3, III/4, V/3 Workshop - Laser Scanning 2005, 12-14 September, Enschede, the Netherlands.
19. Deems, J. S., and T. H. Painter, 2006. Lidar measurement of snow depth: Accuracy and error sources, International Snow Science Workshop 2006, Telluride, Colorado.
20. Ding, W. D., J. L. Wang, P. Mumford, Y. Li, and C. Rizos, 2005. Time synchronization design for integrated positioning and georeferencing systems, Proceedings of SSC 2005 Spatial Intelligence, Innovation and Praxis: The National Biennial Conference of the Spatial Science Institute, September, Melbourne, Australia.
21. Filin, S., 2001. Calibration of Spaceborne and Airborne Laser Altimeters Using Natural Surfaces, Ph. D. dissertation, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Geodetic Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
22. Friess, P., 2006. Toward a rigorous methodology for airborne laser mapping, Proceedings of International Calibration and Orientation Workshop EuroCOW, 25-27 January, Castelldefels, Spain.
23. Gopfert, J., and C. Heipke, 2006. Assessment of lidar DTM accuracy in coastal vegetated areas, International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Vol. XXXVI/3, pp. 79-85.
24. Gorte, B., N. Pfeifer, and S. Oude Elberink, 2005. Height texture of low vegetation in airborne laser scanner data and its potential for DTM correction, Proceedings of ISPRS WG III/3, III/4, V/3 Workshop - Laser Scanning 2005, 12-14 September, Enschede, The Netherlands.
25. Grejner-Brzezinska, D. A., and J. Wang, 1998. Gravity modelling for high-accuracy GPS/INS integration, Navigation, 45(3):209-220.
26. Hilldale, R. C., and D. Raff, 2007. Assessing the ability of airborne lidar to map river bathymetry, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 33(5):773-783.
27. Hodgson, M. E., and P. Bresnahan, 2004. Accuracy of airborne lidarderived elevation: Empirical assessment and error budget, Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, 70(3):331-339.
28. Hodgson, M. E., J. Jensen, G. Raber, J. Tullis, B. A. Davis, G. Thompson, and K. Schuckman, 2005. An evaluation of lidar-derived elevations and terrain slope in leaf-off conditions, Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, 71(7):817-823.
29. Hopkinson, C, L. E. Chasmer, G. Sass, I. F. Creed, M. Sitar, W. Kalbfleisch, and P. Treitz, 2005. Vegetation class dependent errors in lidar ground elevation and canopy height estimates in boreal wetland environment, Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, 31(2):191-206.
30. Hopkinson, C., L. Chasmer, K. Lim, P. Treitz, and I. Creed, 2006. Towards a universal lidar canopy height indicator, Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, 32(2):1-14.
31. Hyyppa, H., X. Yu, J. Hyypä, H. Kaartinen, S. Kaasalainen, E. Honkavaara, and P. Rönnholm, 2005. Factors affecting the quality of DTM generation in forested areas, Proceedings of the ISPRS WG III/3, III/4, V/3 Workshop - Laser Scanning 2005, 12-14 September, Enschede, The Netherlands, pp. 85-90.
32. Jutzi, B., and U. Stilla, 2003. Laser pulse analysis for reconstruction and classification of urban objects, ISPRS Archives, 17-19 September, Munich, Germany, Vol. XXXIV, Part 3/W8.
33. Katzenbeisser, R., 2003. About the calibration of lidar sensors, Proceedings of the ISPRS Workshop - 3-D Reconstruction from Airborne Laser-scanner and InSAR Data, 08-10 October, Dresden, pp. 59-64.
34. Kozmus, K., and B. Stopar, 2003. Načini določanja položaja s satelitskimi tehnikami-Satellite-based point positioning techniques, Geodetski Vestnik, 47(4):404-413.
35. Kraus, K., and N. Pfeifer, 1998. Determination of terrain models in wooden areas with airborne laser scanner data, ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 53:193-203.
36. Kraus, K., 2004. Photogrammetrie - Band 1, Walter de Gruyter, pp. 467.
37. Latypov, D., 2005. Effects of laser beam alignment tolerance on lidar accuracy, ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 59:361-368.
38. Lee, B. K., K. Yu, and M. Pyeon, 2003. Effective reduction of horizontal error in laser scanning information by strip-wise least squares adjustments, ETRI Journal, 25(2):109-120.
39. Legat, K. J. Skaloud, and P. Schaer, 2006. Real-time processing of GPS/INS data for on-the-fly quality control in airborne mobile mapping, Proceedings of ENC-GNSS 2006, 07-10 May, Manchester, England.
40. Maas, H.-G., 2002. Methods for measuring height and planimetry discrepancies in airborne laserscanner data, Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, 68(9):933-940.
41. Maas, H.-G., 2003. Planimetric and height accuracy of airborne laserscanner data: User requirements and system performance, Proceedings of Photogrammetric Week 49 (D. Fritsch, editor), Wichmann Verlag.
42. McKean, J., and J. Roering, 2005. Operational accuracy of lidar in mountainous terrain, unpublished manuscript, URL: http://www.uoregon.edu/ ~jroering/outgoing/McKean-LidarAccuracy2005.pdf (last date accessed 10 November 2005).
43. Mikhail, E. M., and F. Ackerman, 1976. Observations and Least Squares, University Press of America, reprinted in 1982, 497 p.
44. Morin, K., and N. El-Sheimy, 2002. Post-mission adjustment of airborne laser scanning data, Proceedings of the FIG XXII International Congress, 19-26 April, Washington, D. C.
45. Pfeifer, N., B, Gorte, and S. Oude Elberink, 2004. Influences of vegetation on laser altimetry - analysis and correction approaches, International Archieves of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, XXXVI (8/W2).
46. Pribičević, B., 2000. Uporaba Geološko - Geofizičnih in Geodetskih baz Podatkov za Računanje ploskve Geoida Republike Slovenije (The Use of Geological, Geophysical and Geodetical Databases in Determination of the Shape of Geoid in the Republic of Slovenia), Ph. D. dissertation, FGG, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
47. Raber, G. T., J. R. Jensen, M. E. Hodgson, J. A. Tullis, B. A. Davis, and J. Berglund, 2007. Impact of lidar nominal post-spacing on DEM accuracy and flood zone delineation, Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, 73(7):793-804.
48. Reutebuch, S. E., R. J. McGaughey, H.-E. Andersen, and W. W. Carson, 2003. Accuracy of a high-resolution lidar terrain model under a conifer forest canopy, Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, 29(5):527-535.
49. Schenk, T., 2001. Modeling and Analyzing Systematic Errors in Airborne Laser Scanners, Technical Notes in Photogrammetry No. 19, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Geodetic Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
50. Schnurr, D, M. Pettersson, and H. Grierson, 2004. Investigation, assessment and correction of systematic errors in large LiDAR datasets, Proceedings of the RSPSoc/BGS Meeting, 11-12 November, Keyworth, England.
51. Skaloud, J., and D. Lichti, 2006. Rigorous approach to bore-sight self-calibration in airborne laser scanning, ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 61:47-59.
52. Thiel, K.-H., and A. Wehr, 2004. Performance capabilities of laser scanners - An overview and measurement principle analysis, Proceedings of the ISPRS Working Group VIII/2 - Laser-scanners for Forest and Landscape Assessment, 03-06 October, Freiburg, Germany.
53. Thoma, D. P., S. C. Gupta, M. E. Bauer, and C. E. Kirchoff, 2005. Airborne laser scanning for riverbank erosion assessment, Remote Sensing of Environment, 95:493-501.
54. TopoSys, 2008, TopoSys Presents Advantages of Simultaneous Aerial LIDAR/Ortho Image Acquisition at ILMF, URL: http://www10.giscafe.com/goto. php?http :.//www.lidarcomm.com/id31.html (last date accessed 10 March 2008).
55. Turton, D. A., 2006. Factors influencing ALS Accuracy, AAMHatch, URL: www.aamhatch.com.au/resources/pdf/publications/documents/ FactorswhichinfluenceALSaccuracy2.pdf (last date accessed 07 July 2009).
56. Vaniček, P., and E. Krakiwski, 1996. Geodesy, The Concepts, Second edition, Elsevier.
57. Wagner, W., 2005a. Physical principles of airborne laser scanning, University Course: Laser Scanning - Data Acquisition and Modelling (K. Kraus, editor), 06-07 October, Vienna, Austria.
58. Wagner, W., 2005b. Full wave laser scanning, University Course: Laser Scanning - Data Acquisition and Modelling (K. Kraus, editor), 06-07 October, Vienna, Austria.
59. Wehr, A., and U. Lohn, 1999, Airborne laser scanning - An introduction and overview, ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 54:68-82.