C-fiber axon reflex flare size correlates with epidermal nerve fiber density in human skin biopsies

Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System

Volumn 14, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 294-299

  Bickel, Andreas ^b   Heyer, Gisela ^b   Senger, Christine ^b   Maihoefner, Christian ^b   Heuss, Dieter ^b   Hilz, Max J ^b   Namer, Barbara ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ERLANGEN NUREMBERG   (Germany)

^b Department of Neurology ^*

Author keywords

Axon reflex; Axon reflex flare; Intraepidermal nerve fiber density; QSART; Small fiber neuropathy

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ANALYTIC METHOD; ARTICLE; AXON REFLEX FLARE SIZE; AXON REFLEX SWEATING; C FIBER AXON; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE; ELECTRIC POTENTIAL; FEMALE; HUMAN; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; INTRAEPIDERMAL NERVE FIBER DENSITY; LASER DOPPLER FLOWMETRY; MALE; NERVE FIBER; NERVE FUNCTION; NEUROPATHY; PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUANTITATIVE SUDOMOTOR AXON REFLEX TEST; SKIN BIOPSY; SMALL FIBER NEUROPATHY; VASODILATATION;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; AXONS; BIOPSY; DERMIS; ELECTRIC STIMULATION; EPIDERMIS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NERVE FIBERS, UNMYELINATED; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; REFLEX; SWEATING;

EID: 73549111530     PISSN: 10859489     EISSN: 15298027     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8027.2009.00241.x     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. Berghoff M, Kathpal M, Kilo S, Hilz MJ, Freeman R (2002). Vascular and neural mechanisms of ACh-mediated vasodilation in the forearm cutaneous microcirculation. J Appl Physiol 92 : 780 788.
2. Bickel A, Krämer HH, Hilz MJ, Birklein F, Neundörfer B, Schmelz M (2002). Assessment of the neurogenic flare reaction in small fiber neuropathies. Neurology 59 : 917 919.
3. Devigili G, Tugnoli V, Penza P, Camozzi F, Lombardi R, Melli G, Broglio L, Granieri E, Lauria G (2008). The diagnostic criteria for small fibre neuropathy: from symptoms to neuropathology. Brain 131 : 1912 1925.
4. Kramer HH, Schmelz M, Birklein F, Bickel A (2004). Electrically stimulated axon reflexes are diminished in diabetic small fiber neuropathies. Diabetes 53 : 769 774.
5. Lang E, Foerster A, Pfannmuller D, Handwerker HO (1993). Quantitative assessment of sudomotor activity by capacitance hygrometry. Clin Auton Res 3 : 107 115.
6. Lauria G, Cornblath DR, Johansson O, McArthur JC, Mellgren SI, Nolano M, Rosenberg N, Sommer C (2005). EFNS guidelines on the use of skin biopsy in the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy. Eur J Neurol 12 : 747 758.
7. Lewis T, Marvin HM (1927). Observations relating to vasodilatation arising from antidromic impulses to herpes zoster and trophic effects. Heart 14 : 27 47.
8. Low PA, Caskey PE, Tuck RR, Fealey RD, Dyck PJ (1983). Quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test in normal and neuropathic subjects. Ann Neurol 14 : 573 580.
9. Lynn B (1988). Neurogenic inflammation. Skin Pharmacol 1 : 217 224.
10. Namer B, Bickel A, Krämer H, Birklein F, Schmelz M (2004). Chemically and electrically induced sweating and flare reaction. Auton Neurosci 114 : 72 82.
11. Parkhouse N, Le Quesne PM (1988). Quantitative objective assessment of peripheral nociceptive C fibre function. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 51 : 28 34.
12. Rolke R, Baron R, Maier C, Tolle TR, Treede RD, Beyer A, Binder A, Birbaumer N, Birklein F, Botefur IC, Braune S, Flor H, Huge V, Klug R, Landwehrmeyer GB, Magerl W, Maihofner C, Rolko C, Schaub C, Scherens A, Sprenger T, Valet M, Wasserka B (2006). Quantitative sensory testing in the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain (DFNS): standardized protocol and reference values. Pain 123 : 231 243.
13. Ruehle BS, Handwerker HO, Lennerz JK, Ringler R, Forster C (2006). Brain activation during input from mechanoinsensitive versus polymodal C-nociceptors. J Neurosci 26 : 5492 5499.
14. Schmelz M, Michael K, Weidner C, Schmidt R, Torebjork HE, Handwerker HO (2000). Which nerve fibers mediate the axon reflex flare in human skin? Neuroreport 11 : 645 648.
15. Schmidt R, Schmelz M, Forster C, Ringkamp M, Torebjork E, Handwerker H (1995). Novel classes of responsive and unresponsive C nociceptors in human skin. J Neurosci 15 : 333 341.
16. Wada M, Arait T, Takagaki T, Nakagawa T (1952). Axon reflex mechanism in sweat responses to nicotine, acetylcholine and sodium chloride. J Appl Physiol 4 : 745 752.