메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 6, Issue SUPPL. 6, 2009, Pages

Some aspects of the airborne transmission of infection

Author keywords

Airborne; Infection; Transmission

Indexed keywords

CLEANING; HEALTH CARE; VIRUSES;

EID: 73449110911     PISSN: 17425689     EISSN: 17425662     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2009.0236.focus     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (92)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 0023141280 scopus 로고
    • Hospital outbreak of multi-resistant Acinetobacter anitratus: An airborne mode of spread?
    • doi:10.1016/0195-6701(87)90048-X
    • Allen, K. D. & Green, H. T. 1987 Hospital outbreak of multi-resistant Acinetobacter anitratus: an airborne mode of spread? J. Hosp. Infect. 9, 110-119. (doi:10.1016/0195-6701(87)90048-X)
    • (1987) J. Hosp. Infect , vol.9 , pp. 110-119
    • Allen, K.D.1    Green, H.T.2
  • 2
    • 0344416235 scopus 로고
    • The re-entrainment of settled dusts
    • Bagnold, R. A. 1960 The re-entrainment of settled dusts. Int. J. Air Pollut. 2, 357.
    • (1960) Int. J. Air Pollut , vol.2 , pp. 357
    • Bagnold, R.A.1
  • 3
    • 42949127764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ventilation of multiple-bed hospital wards: Review and analysis
    • doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2007.07. 012
    • Beggs, C. B., Kerr, K. G., Noakes, C. J., Hathway, E. A. & Sleigh, P. A. 2008 The ventilation of multiple-bed hospital wards: review and analysis. Am. J. Infect. Control 36, 250-259. (doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2007.07. 012)
    • (2008) Am. J. Infect. Control , vol.36 , pp. 250-259
    • Beggs, C.B.1    Kerr, K.G.2    Noakes, C.J.3    Hathway, E.A.4    Sleigh, P.A.5
  • 4
    • 0000884245 scopus 로고
    • Dispersal of Staphylococcus aureus by patients and surgical staff
    • doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(65)91610-7
    • Bethune, D. W., Blowers, R., Parker, M. & Pask, E. A. 1965 Dispersal of Staphylococcus aureus by patients and surgical staff. Lancet 285, 480-483. (doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(65)91610-7)
    • (1965) Lancet , vol.285 , pp. 480-483
    • Bethune, D.W.1    Blowers, R.2    Parker, M.3    Pask, E.A.4
  • 6
    • 0015641554 scopus 로고
    • Techniques for sampling and identifying airborne particles
    • Clark, R. P. 1973b Techniques for sampling and identifying airborne particles. J. Physiol. 232, 5-7.
    • (1973) J. Physiol , vol.232 , pp. 5-7
    • Clark, R.P.1
  • 7
    • 84970314689 scopus 로고
    • The aerodynamics of warmth and cleanliness
    • Clark, R. P. 1974a The aerodynamics of warmth and cleanliness. Clothing Res. J. 2, 55-67.
    • (1974) Clothing Res. J , vol.2 , pp. 55-67
    • Clark, R.P.1
  • 8
    • 0015947381 scopus 로고
    • Skin scales among airborne particles
    • doi:10.1017/S0022172400023196
    • Clark, R. P. 1974b Skin scales among airborne particles. J. Hyg. Camb. 72, 47-51. (doi:10.1017/S0022172400023196)
    • (1974) J. Hyg. Camb , vol.72 , pp. 47-51
    • Clark, R.P.1
  • 9
    • 0016046115 scopus 로고
    • Micro-environmental air exchange rates in patient support systems
    • doi:10.1243/EMED-JOUR- 1974-003-013-02
    • Clark, R. P. 1974c Micro-environmental air exchange rates in patient support systems. Eng. Med. 3, 6-7. (doi:10.1243/EMED-JOUR- 1974-003-013-02)
    • (1974) Eng. Med , vol.3 , pp. 6-7
    • Clark, R.P.1
  • 10
    • 84920224750 scopus 로고
    • Hygiene of babies' incubators. [Letter]
    • Clark, R. P. 1975 Hygiene of babies' incubators. [Letter]. Lancet i, 696.
    • (1975) Lancet , Issue.Iand 696
    • Clark, R.P.1
  • 11
    • 0016975489 scopus 로고
    • Convective heat loss from the human body
    • doi:10.1243/EMED-JOUR-1976-005-025-02
    • Clark, R. P. 1976 Convective heat loss from the human body. Engl. Med. 5, 67. (doi:10.1243/EMED-JOUR-1976-005-025-02)
    • (1976) Engl. Med , vol.5 , pp. 67
    • Clark, R.P.1
  • 12
    • 0017345039 scopus 로고
    • Air conditioning in hospital operating rooms and intensive care areas
    • doi:10.1243/EMED-JOUR- 1977-006-004-02
    • Clark, R. P. 1977 Air conditioning in hospital operating rooms and intensive care areas. Engl. Med. 6, 12-16. (doi:10.1243/EMED-JOUR- 1977-006-004-02)
    • (1977) Engl. Med , vol.6 , pp. 12-16
    • Clark, R.P.1
  • 13
    • 0013569376 scopus 로고
    • Air movement in laboratory infections
    • doi:10.1098/rstb. 1983.0078
    • Clark, R. P. 1983 Air movement in laboratory infections. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 302, 593-604. (doi:10.1098/rstb. 1983.0078)
    • (1983) Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.302 , pp. 593-604
    • Clark, R.P.1
  • 14
    • 73449103453 scopus 로고
    • Safety cabinets, fume cupboards and other containment systems
    • eds C. S. Cox & C. M. Wathes, ch. 17, pp, Boca Raton, FL: CRC/Lewis Press Inc
    • Clark, R. P. 1995 Safety cabinets, fume cupboards and other containment systems. In Bioaerosols handbook (eds C. S. Cox & C. M. Wathes), ch. 17, pp 473-504. Boca Raton, FL: CRC/Lewis Press Inc.
    • (1995) Bioaerosols handbook , pp. 473-504
    • Clark, R.P.1
  • 15
    • 0040311526 scopus 로고
    • The generation of aerosols from the human body
    • eds J. F. P. H. Hers & K. C. Winkler, Utrecht, The Netherlands: Oosthoek Publishing Co
    • Clark, R. P. & Cox, R. N. 1973a The generation of aerosols from the human body. In Airborne transmission and airborne infection (eds J. F. P. H. Hers & K. C. Winkler). Utrecht, The Netherlands: Oosthoek Publishing Co.
    • (1973) Airborne transmission and airborne infection
    • Clark, R.P.1    Cox, R.N.2
  • 16
    • 0040311526 scopus 로고
    • Dispersal of bacteria from the human body surface
    • eds J. F. P. Hers & K. C. Winkler, Utrecht, The Netherlands: Oosthoek Publishing Co
    • Clark, R. P. & Cox, R. N. 1973b Dispersal of bacteria from the human body surface. In Airborne transmission and airborne infection (eds J. F. P. Hers & K. C. Winkler). Utrecht, The Netherlands: Oosthoek Publishing Co.
    • (1973) Airborne transmission and airborne infection
    • Clark, R.P.1    Cox, R.N.2
  • 17
    • 0016168667 scopus 로고
    • An application of aeronautical techniques to physiology. 1. The human micro-environment and convective heat transfer
    • doi:10.1007/BF02477790
    • Clark, R. P. & Cox, R. N. 1974a An application of aeronautical techniques to physiology. 1. The human micro-environment and convective heat transfer. Med. Biol. Eng. 12, 270-274. (doi:10.1007/BF02477790)
    • (1974) Med. Biol. Eng , vol.12 , pp. 270-274
    • Clark, R.P.1    Cox, R.N.2
  • 18
    • 0016255635 scopus 로고
    • An application of aeronautical techniques to physiology. 2. Particle transport within the human micro-environment
    • doi:10.1007/BF02477791
    • Clark, R. P. & Cox, R. N. 1974b An application of aeronautical techniques to physiology. 2. Particle transport within the human micro-environment. Med. Biol. Eng. 12, 275-279. (doi:10.1007/BF02477791)
    • (1974) Med. Biol. Eng , vol.12 , pp. 275-279
    • Clark, R.P.1    Cox, R.N.2
  • 20
    • 0019841773 scopus 로고
    • The potassium iodide method for determining protection factors in open-fronted microbiological safety cabinets
    • Clark, R. P. & Goff, M. R. 1981 The potassium iodide method for determining protection factors in open-fronted microbiological safety cabinets. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 51, 439-460.
    • (1981) J. Appl. Bacteriol , vol.51 , pp. 439-460
    • Clark, R.P.1    Goff, M.R.2
  • 21
    • 0017487051 scopus 로고
    • Convective body cooling in air conditioned buildings
    • p
    • Clark, R. P. & Mullan, B. J. 1976a Convective body cooling in air conditioned buildings. J. Physiol. 267, 9-11p.
    • (1976) J. Physiol , vol.267 , pp. 9-11
    • Clark, R.P.1    Mullan, B.J.2
  • 22
    • 0017166175 scopus 로고
    • Clothing for use in cleanair environments
    • doi:10.1017/ S0022172400024700
    • Clark, R. P. & Mullan, B. J. 1976b Clothing for use in cleanair environments. J. Hyg. Camb. 77, 267. (doi:10.1017/ S0022172400024700)
    • (1976) J. Hyg. Camb , vol.77 , pp. 267
    • Clark, R.P.1    Mullan, B.J.2
  • 23
    • 0018071568 scopus 로고
    • Airflows in and around linear downflow 'safety' cabinets
    • Clark, R. P. & Mullan, B. J. 1978 Airflows in and around linear downflow 'safety' cabinets. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 45, 131-135.
    • (1978) J. Appl. Bacteriol , vol.45 , pp. 131-135
    • Clark, R.P.1    Mullan, B.J.2
  • 24
    • 0015912679 scopus 로고
    • Identification of skin in airborne particulate matter
    • doi:10. 1038/246039a0
    • Clark, R. P. & Shirley, S. G. 1973 Identification of skin in airborne particulate matter. Nature. 246, 39-40. (doi:10. 1038/246039a0)
    • (1973) Nature , vol.246 , pp. 39-40
    • Clark, R.P.1    Shirley, S.G.2
  • 25
    • 0016437322 scopus 로고
    • Natural convection around the human head
    • Clark, R. P. & Toy, N. 1975a Natural convection around the human head. J. Physiol. 244, 283-293.
    • (1975) J. Physiol , vol.244 , pp. 283-293
    • Clark, R.P.1    Toy, N.2
  • 26
    • 0016436709 scopus 로고
    • Forced convection around the human head
    • Clark, R. P. & Toy, N. 1975b Forced convection around the human head. J. Physiol. 244, 295-302.
    • (1975) J. Physiol , vol.244 , pp. 295-302
    • Clark, R.P.1    Toy, N.2
  • 27
    • 0014796697 scopus 로고
    • Particle transport within the humanmicro-environment
    • Clark, R. P., Cox, R. N. & Lewis, H. E. 1970 Particle transport within the humanmicro-environment. J. Physiol. 208, 43-45.
    • (1970) J. Physiol , vol.208 , pp. 43-45
    • Clark, R.P.1    Cox, R.N.2    Lewis, H.E.3
  • 28
    • 0015099182 scopus 로고
    • Deposition and dispersion of particles from the human micro-environment
    • Clark, R. P., Cox, R. N. & Lewis, H. E. 1971 Deposition and dispersion of particles from the human micro-environment. J. Physiol. 216, 19-20.
    • (1971) J. Physiol , vol.216 , pp. 19-20
    • Clark, R.P.1    Cox, R.N.2    Lewis, H.E.3
  • 29
  • 30
    • 0016525028 scopus 로고
    • Aerobiological investigations in a new regional burns unit
    • p
    • Clark, R. P., Mullan, B. J., Sanders, R. & Scales, J. T. 1975 Aerobiological investigations in a new regional burns unit. J. Physiol. 249, 5-6p.
    • (1975) J. Physiol , vol.249 , pp. 5-6
    • Clark, R.P.1    Mullan, B.J.2    Sanders, R.3    Scales, J.T.4
  • 31
    • 0017360648 scopus 로고
    • Skin temperatures during running - a study using infra-red colour thermography
    • Clark, R. P., Mullan, B. J. & Pugh, L. G. C. E. 1977a Skin temperatures during running - a study using infra-red colour thermography. J. Physiol 267, 53-62.
    • (1977) J. Physiol , vol.267 , pp. 53-62
    • Clark, R.P.1    Mullan, B.J.2    Pugh, L.G.C.E.3
  • 32
    • 0017488177 scopus 로고
    • Heat loss studies beneath hovering helicopters
    • p
    • Clark, R. P., Goff, M. R. & Mullan, B. J. 1977b Heat loss studies beneath hovering helicopters. J. Physiol. 267, 6-8p.
    • (1977) J. Physiol , vol.267 , pp. 6-8
    • Clark, R.P.1    Goff, M.R.2    Mullan, B.J.3
  • 34
    • 0022358183 scopus 로고
    • Ventilation conditions and air-borne bacteria and particles in operating theatres: Proposed safe economies
    • Clark, R. P., Reed, P. J., Seal, D. V. & Stephenson, M. L. 1985 Ventilation conditions and air-borne bacteria and particles in operating theatres: proposed safe economies. J. Hyg. Camb. 95, 325-335.
    • (1985) J. Hyg. Camb , vol.95 , pp. 325-335
    • Clark, R.P.1    Reed, P.J.2    Seal, D.V.3    Stephenson, M.L.4
  • 35
    • 78651411819 scopus 로고
    • Mechanics of dust re-dispersion
    • ed. B. R. Fisk, Oxford, UK: Pergamon Press
    • Corn, M. & Stein, F. 1966 Mechanics of dust re-dispersion. In Surface contamination (ed. B. R. Fisk). Oxford, UK: Pergamon Press.
    • (1966) Surface contamination
    • Corn, M.1    Stein, F.2
  • 36
    • 73449096312 scopus 로고
    • The natural convection flow around the human body
    • Cox, R. N. & Clark, R. P. 1973 The natural convection flow around the human body. Revue Generale de Thermique. 133, 11-19.
    • (1973) Revue Generale de Thermique , vol.133 , pp. 11-19
    • Cox, R.N.1    Clark, R.P.2
  • 37
    • 27344434423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computational study of the wake and contaminant transport of a walking human
    • doi:10.1115/1.2013291
    • Edge, B. A., Paterson, E. G. & Settles, G. S. 2005 Computational study of the wake and contaminant transport of a walking human. J. Fluids Eng. T. ASME 127, 967-977. (doi:10.1115/1.2013291)
    • (2005) J. Fluids Eng. T. ASME , vol.127 , pp. 967-977
    • Edge, B.A.1    Paterson, E.G.2    Settles, G.S.3
  • 38
    • 0015350070 scopus 로고
    • The control by ventilation of airborne bacterial transfer between hospital patients, and its assessment by means of a particle tracer. I. An airborne-particle tracer for cross infection studies
    • doi:10.1017/ S0022172400022336
    • Foord, N. & Lidwell, O. M. 1972 The control by ventilation of airborne bacterial transfer between hospital patients, and its assessment by means of a particle tracer. I. An airborne-particle tracer for cross infection studies. J. Hyg. Camb. 70, 279-286. (doi:10.1017/ S0022172400022336)
    • (1972) J. Hyg. Camb , vol.70 , pp. 279-286
    • Foord, N.1    Lidwell, O.M.2
  • 39
    • 0016733863 scopus 로고
    • Airborne infection in a fully air-conditioned hospital. II. Transfer of airborne particles between rooms resulting from the movement of air from one room to another
    • doi:10. 1017/S0022172400047045
    • Foord, N. & Lidwell, O. M. 1975 Airborne infection in a fully air-conditioned hospital. II. Transfer of airborne particles between rooms resulting from the movement of air from one room to another. J. Hyg. Camb. 75, 31-44. (doi:10. 1017/S0022172400047045)
    • (1975) J. Hyg. Camb , vol.75 , pp. 31-44
    • Foord, N.1    Lidwell, O.M.2
  • 40
    • 73449100684 scopus 로고
    • Computerised infra-red thermography in medicine and physiology
    • Goff, M. R. & Clark, R. P. 1985 Computerised infra-red thermography in medicine and physiology. J. Photogr. Sci. 33, 60-67.
    • (1985) J. Photogr. Sci , vol.33 , pp. 60-67
    • Goff, M.R.1    Clark, R.P.2
  • 43
    • 11244264119 scopus 로고
    • The air in the operating theatre
    • eds I. D. A. Johnston & A. R. Hunter, London, UK: Edward Arnold
    • Howorth, F. H. 1984 The air in the operating theatre. In The design and utilization of operating theatres (eds I. D. A. Johnston & A. R. Hunter). London, UK: Edward Arnold.
    • (1984) The design and utilization of operating theatres
    • Howorth, F.H.1
  • 44
    • 33748881976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Airflows around oxygen masks a potential source of infection?
    • doi:10.1378/chest.130.3. 822
    • Hui, D. S., Ip, M., Tang, J. W., Wong, A. L. N., Chan, M. T. V., Hall, S. D., Chan, P. K. S. & Sung, J. J. Y. 2006 Airflows around oxygen masks a potential source of infection? Chest 130, 822-826. (doi:10.1378/chest.130.3. 822)
    • (2006) Chest , vol.130 , pp. 822-826
    • Hui, D.S.1    Ip, M.2    Tang, J.W.3    Wong, A.L.N.4    Chan, M.T.V.5    Hall, S.D.6    Chan, P.K.S.7    Sung, J.J.Y.8
  • 45
    • 15444373370 scopus 로고
    • Atomizing of mouth and nose secretions into the air as revealed by high speed photography
    • ed. F. R. Moulton, pp, Washington, DC: AAAS
    • Jennison, M.W. 1942 Atomizing of mouth and nose secretions into the air as revealed by high speed photography. In Aerobiology (ed. F. R. Moulton), pp. 106-128. Washington, DC: AAAS.
    • (1942) Aerobiology , pp. 106-128
    • Jennison, M.W.1
  • 46
    • 33748572116 scopus 로고
    • Medical Thermography
    • eds S. G. Burnay, T. Williams & C. H. Jones, pp, Bristol, UK: Adam Hilger
    • Jones, C. H., Ring, E. F. J. & Clark, R. P. 1988 Medical Thermography. In Applications of thermal imaging (eds S. G. Burnay, T. Williams & C. H. Jones), pp. 156-190. Bristol, UK: Adam Hilger.
    • (1988) Applications of thermal imaging , pp. 156-190
    • Jones, C.H.1    Ring, E.F.J.2    Clark, R.P.3
  • 47
    • 0014693845 scopus 로고
    • Aerodynamics of the human microenvironment
    • doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(69) 92220-X
    • Lewis, H. E., Mullan, B. J., Foster, A. R., Cox, R. N. & Clark, R. P. 1969 Aerodynamics of the human microenvironment. Lancet 293, 1273-1277. (doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(69) 92220-X)
    • (1969) Lancet , vol.293 , pp. 1273-1277
    • Lewis, H.E.1    Mullan, B.J.2    Foster, A.R.3    Cox, R.N.4    Clark, R.P.5
  • 48
    • 33846592867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of ventilation in airborne transmission of infectious agents in the built environment: A multidisciplinary systematic review
    • x, doi:10. 1111/j.1600-0668.2006.00445
    • Li, Y. et al. 2007 Role of ventilation in airborne transmission of infectious agents in the built environment: a multidisciplinary systematic review. Indoor Air 17, 2-18. (doi:10. 1111/j.1600-0668.2006.00445. x)
    • (2007) Indoor Air , vol.17 , pp. 2-18
    • Li, Y.1
  • 49
    • 84916574510 scopus 로고
    • Bacteriological considerations
    • eds I. D. A. Johnston & A. R. Hunter, London, UK: Edward Arnold
    • Lidwell, O. M. 1984 Bacteriological considerations. In The design and utilization of operating theatres (eds I. D. A. Johnston & A. R. Hunter). London, UK: Edward Arnold.
    • (1984) The design and utilization of operating theatres
    • Lidwell, O.M.1
  • 50
    • 85020786145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lidwell, O. M. et al. 1980 An investigation into the 1978 outbreak of smallpox at the Birmingham University Medical School for the UK Government Investigating Team. In Report of the investigation into the cause of the 1978 Birmingham small pox occurrence (ed. R. A. Shooter). London: H. M. Stationery Office.
    • Lidwell, O. M. et al. 1980 An investigation into the 1978 outbreak of smallpox at the Birmingham University Medical School for the UK Government Investigating Team. In Report of the investigation into the cause of the 1978 Birmingham small pox occurrence (ed. R. A. Shooter). London: H. M. Stationery Office.
  • 51
    • 0021086338 scopus 로고
    • Airborne contamination of wounds in joint replacement operations: The relationship to sepsis rates
    • doi:10.1016/ 0195-6701(83)90041-5
    • Lidwell, O. M., Lowbury, E. J. L., Whyte, W., Blowers, R., Stanley, S. J. & Lowe, D. 1983 Airborne contamination of wounds in joint replacement operations: the relationship to sepsis rates. J. Hosp. Infect. 4, 111-131. (doi:10.1016/ 0195-6701(83)90041-5)
    • (1983) J. Hosp. Infect , vol.4 , pp. 111-131
    • Lidwell, O.M.1    Lowbury, E.J.L.2    Whyte, W.3    Blowers, R.4    Stanley, S.J.5    Lowe, D.6
  • 54
    • 0033500813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A method for determining the heat transfer and water vapour permeability of patient support systems
    • doi:10.1016/S1350-4533(00)00003-5
    • Nicholson, G. P., Scales, J. T., Clark, R. P. & de Calcina-Goff, M. L. 1999 A method for determining the heat transfer and water vapour permeability of patient support systems. Med. Eng. Phy. 21, 701-712. (doi:10.1016/S1350-4533(00)00003-5)
    • (1999) Med. Eng. Phy , vol.21 , pp. 701-712
    • Nicholson, G.P.1    Scales, J.T.2    Clark, R.P.3    de Calcina-Goff, M.L.4
  • 55
    • 33744547266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential use of copper surfaces to reduce survival of epidemic methicillin resistant Staphyloccus aureus in the health care environemt
    • doi:10.1016/j. jhin.2005.12.008
    • Noyce, J. O., Michels, H. & Keevil, C. W. 2006 Potential use of copper surfaces to reduce survival of epidemic methicillin resistant Staphyloccus aureus in the health care environemt. J. Hosp. Infect. 63, 289-297. (doi:10.1016/j. jhin.2005.12.008)
    • (2006) J. Hosp. Infect , vol.63 , pp. 289-297
    • Noyce, J.O.1    Michels, H.2    Keevil, C.W.3
  • 56
    • 33644697163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dispersion of exhaled droplet nuclei in a two-bed hospital ward with three different ventilation systems
    • doi:10.1111/ j.1600-0668.2005.00407.x
    • Qian, H., Li, Y., Nielsen, P. V., Hyldgaard, C. E., Wong, T. W. & Chwang, A. T. 2006 Dispersion of exhaled droplet nuclei in a two-bed hospital ward with three different ventilation systems. Indoor Air 16, 111-128. (doi:10.1111/ j.1600-0668.2005.00407.x)
    • (2006) Indoor Air , vol.16 , pp. 111-128
    • Qian, H.1    Li, Y.2    Nielsen, P.V.3    Hyldgaard, C.E.4    Wong, T.W.5    Chwang, A.T.6
  • 59
    • 0023813626 scopus 로고
    • The ergonomics of ventilated operating theatre clothing
    • doi:10.1080/ 00140138808966748
    • Ross, I. & Clark, R. P. 1988 The ergonomics of ventilated operating theatre clothing. Ergonomics 31, 1103-1113. (doi:10.1080/ 00140138808966748)
    • (1988) Ergonomics , vol.31 , pp. 1103-1113
    • Ross, I.1    Clark, R.P.2
  • 60
    • 0014931560 scopus 로고
    • Levitation in treatment of large-area burns
    • Sanders, R., Scales, J. T. & Muir, I. K. F. 1970 Levitation in treatment of large-area burns. Lancet ii, 677-680.
    • (1970) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 677-680
    • Sanders, R.1    Scales, J.T.2    Muir, I.K.F.3
  • 61
    • 0015237717 scopus 로고
    • Patient-support system using low-pressure air
    • doi:10.1016/ S0140-6736(71)92499-8
    • Scales, J. T. & Hopkins, L. A. 1971 Patient-support system using low-pressure air. Lancet ii, 885-888. (doi:10.1016/ S0140-6736(71)92499-8)
    • (1971) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 885-888
    • Scales, J.T.1    Hopkins, L.A.2
  • 62
    • 0025351932 scopus 로고
    • Electronic particle counting for evaluating the quality of ultra clean air in operating theatres: A potential basis for standards?
    • Seal, D. V. & Clark, R. P. 1990 Electronic particle counting for evaluating the quality of ultra clean air in operating theatres: a potential basis for standards? J. Appl. Bact. 68, 225-230.
    • (1990) J. Appl. Bact , vol.68 , pp. 225-230
    • Seal, D.V.1    Clark, R.P.2
  • 64
    • 54549092780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coughing and aerosols
    • doi:10.1056/NEJMicm072576
    • Tang, J. W. & Settles, G. S. 2008 Coughing and aerosols. N. Engl. J. Med. 359, 15. (doi:10.1056/NEJMicm072576)
    • (2008) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.359 , pp. 15
    • Tang, J.W.1    Settles, G.S.2
  • 65
    • 33750629996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors involved in the aerosol transmission of infection and control of ventilation in healthcare premises
    • doi:10.1016/j.jhin. 2006.05.022
    • Tang, J. W., Li, Y., Eames, I., Chan, P. K. S. & Ridgway, G. L. 2006 Factors involved in the aerosol transmission of infection and control of ventilation in healthcare premises. J. Hosp. Infect. 64, 100-114. (doi:10.1016/j.jhin. 2006.05.022)
    • (2006) J. Hosp. Infect , vol.64 , pp. 100-114
    • Tang, J.W.1    Li, Y.2    Eames, I.3    Chan, P.K.S.4    Ridgway, G.L.5
  • 66
    • 49649111473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial efficacy of copper surfaces against spores and vegetative cells of Clostridium difficile: The germination theory
    • doi:10.1093/jac/dkn219
    • Wheeldon, L. J., Worthington, T., Lambert, P. A., Hilton, A. C., Lowden, C. J. & Elliott, T. S. 2008 Antimicrobial efficacy of copper surfaces against spores and vegetative cells of Clostridium difficile: the germination theory. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 62, 522-525. (doi:10.1093/jac/dkn219)
    • (2008) J. Antimicrob. Chemother , vol.62 , pp. 522-525
    • Wheeldon, L.J.1    Worthington, T.2    Lambert, P.A.3    Hilton, A.C.4    Lowden, C.J.5    Elliott, T.S.6
  • 67
    • 0017170788 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial dispersion in relation to operating room clothing
    • doi:10.1017/S0022172400055297
    • Whyte, W., Vesley, D. & Hodgson, R. 1976 Bacterial dispersion in relation to operating room clothing. J. Hyg. 76, 367-378. (doi:10.1017/S0022172400055297)
    • (1976) J. Hyg , vol.76 , pp. 367-378
    • Whyte, W.1    Vesley, D.2    Hodgson, R.3
  • 68
    • 0018092492 scopus 로고
    • The reduction of bacteria in the operating room through the use of non-woven clothing
    • doi:10.1002/bjs.1800650708
    • Whyte, W., Hodgson, R., Bailey, P. V. & Graham, J. 1978 The reduction of bacteria in the operating room through the use of non-woven clothing. Br. J. Surg. 65, 469-474. (doi:10.1002/bjs.1800650708)
    • (1978) Br. J. Surg , vol.65 , pp. 469-474
    • Whyte, W.1    Hodgson, R.2    Bailey, P.V.3    Graham, J.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.