Prevention of CNS recurrence in childhood ALL: Results with reduced radiotherapy combined with CNS-directed chemotherapy in four consecutive ALL- BFM trials

Klinische Padiatrie

Volumn 210, Issue 4, 1998, Pages 192-199

  Schrappe, M ^a   Reiter, A ^a   Henze, G ^b   Niemeyer, Ch ^c   Bode, U ^d   Kuhl J ^e   Gadner, H ^f   Havers, W ^g   Pluss H ^h   Kornhuber, B ⁱ   Zintl, F ^j   Ritter, J ^k   Urban, Ch ^l   Niethammer, D ^m   Riehm, H ^a  

^a HANNOVER MEDICAL SCHOOL   (Germany)

^b CHARITÉ UNIVERSITÄTSMEDIZIN BERLIN   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF FREIBURG   (Germany)

^d UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL BONN   (Germany)

^e UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL WÜRZBURG   (Germany)

^f ST ANNA CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (Austria)

^g UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ESSEN   (Germany)

^h UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ZURICH   (Switzerland)

ⁱ UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL FRANKFURT   (Germany)

^j Children's Hospital   (Germany)

^k UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL MÜNSTER   (Germany)

^l UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL GRAZ   (Austria)

^m UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL TÜBINGEN   (Germany)

more..

Author keywords

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL); CNS prevention; CNS relapse; Cranial radiotherapy; Meningeosis; MTX

Indexed keywords

METHOTREXATE;

ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; BRAIN LEUKEMIA; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER RECURRENCE; CHILD; CHILDHOOD LEUKEMIA; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; HUMAN; INTRATHECAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL;

EID: 7344247653     PISSN: 03008630     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1043878     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Rivera, G. K., D. Pinkel, J. V. Simone, M. L. Hancock, W. M. Crist : Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia - 30 years' experience at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. N. Engl. J. Med. 329 (1993) 1289-1295
2. Reiter, A., M. Schrappe, W.-D. Ludwig, W. Hiddemann, S. Sauter, G., Henze, M. Zimmermann, F. Lampert, W. Havers, D. Niethammer, E. Odenwald, J. Ritter, G. Mann, K. Welte, H. Gadner, H. Riehm: Chemotherapy in 998 unselected childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. Results and conclusions of the multicenter trial ALL-BFM 86. Blood 84 (1994) 3122-3133
3. Tubergen, D. G., G. S. Gilchrist, R. T. O'Brien, P. F. Coccia, H. N. Sather, M. J. Waskerwitz, G. D. Hammond: Improved outcome with delayed intensification for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and intermediate presenting features: a Childrens Cancer Group phase III trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 11 (1993) 527-537
4. Schorin, M. A., S Blattner., K. D. Gelber, N. J. Tarbell, M. Donnelly, V. Dalton, H. J. Cohen, S. E. Sallan: Treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Results of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Children's Hospital Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Consortium Protocol 85-01. J. Clin. Oncol. 12 (1994) 740-747
5. Chessels, J. M., C. Bailey, S. M. Richards: Intensification of treatment and survival in all children with lymphoblastic leukaemia: results of UK Medical Research Council trial UKALL X. Lancet 345 (1945) 143-148
6. Conter, V., M. Schrappe, M. Arico, A. Reiter, C. Rizzari, M. Dördelmann, M. G. Valsecchi, M. Zimmermann, W.-D. Ludwig, G. Basso, G. Masera, H. Riehm: Role of cranial radiotherapy for childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with high WBC count and good response to prednisone. J. Clin. Oncol. 15 (1947) 2786-2791
7. Ochs, J., R. Mulhern, D. Fairclough, L. Parvey, J. Whitaker, L. Ch'ien, A. Mauer, J. Simone: Comparison of neuropsychologic functioning and clinical indicators of neurotoxicity in long-term survivors of childhood leukemia given cranial radiation or parenteral methotrexate: a prospective study. J. Clin. Oncol. 4 (1991) 145-151
8. Waber, D. P., N. J. Tarbell, D. Fairclough, K. Atmore, R. Castro, P. Isquith, F. Lussier, I. Romero, P. J. Carpenter, M. Schiller et al.: Cognitive sequelae of treatment in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: cranial radiation requires an accomplice [see comments]. Journal of Clinical Oncology 13 (1995) 2490-2496
9. Hertzberg, H., W. J. Huk, M. A. Ueberall, T. Langer, W. Meier, R. Dopfer, M. Skalej, H. Lackner, U. Bode, G. Janssen, F. Zintl, J. D. Beck: CNS late effects after ALL therapy in childhood. Part I: Neuroradiological findings in long-term survivors of childhood ALL - An evaluation of the interferences between morphology and neuropsychological performance. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 28 (1997) 387-400
10. Neglia, J. P., A. T. Meadows, L. L. Robison, T. H. Kim, W. A. Newton, F. B. Ruymann, H. N. Sather, G. D. Hammond: Second neoplasms after acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood. N. Engl. J. Med. 325 (1991) 1330-1336
11. Jankovic, M., D. Fraschini, A. Amici, M. Arico, A. Arrighini, G. Basso, R. Colella, M. T. DiTullio, R. Haupt, P. Macchia et al.: Outcome after cessation of therapy in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. The Associazione Italiana Ematologia ed Oncologia Pediatrica (AIEOP). European Journal of Cancer 29A (1993) 1839-1843
12. Kaatsch, P., G. Haaf, J. Michaelis: Childhood malignancies in Germany - methods and results of a nationwide registry. Eur. J. Cancer 31A (1995) 993-999
13. Schrappe, M., J. Beck, W. K. Brandeis, H. J. Feickert, H. Gadner, N. Graf, W. Havers, G. Henze, A. Jobke, B. Kornhuber, J. Kühl, F. Lampert, S. Müller-Weihrich, D. Niethammer, A. Reiter, M. Rister, J. Ritter, G. Schellong, W. Tausch, P. Weinel, H. Riehm: Die Behandlung der akuten lymphoblastischen Leukämie im Kindes- und Jugendalter: Ergebnisse der multizentrischen Therapiestudie ALL-BFM 81 [Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in young age: Results of multi-center study ALL-BFM 81]. Klin. Pädiatr. 199 (1987) 133-150
14. Riehm, H., A. Reiter, M. Schrappe, F. Berthold, R. Dopfer, H. Gerein, R. Ludwig, J. Ritter, B Stollmann, G. Henze: Die Corticosteroid-abhängige Dezimierung der Leukämiezellzahl im Blut als Prognosefaktor bei der akuten lymphoblastischen Leukämie im Kindesalter (Therapiestudie ALL-BFM 83) [The in vivo response on corticosteroid therapy as an additional prognostic factor in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (therapy study ALL-BFM 83)]. Klin. Pädiatr. 199 (1987) 151-160
15. Schrappe M., A. Reiter, S. Sauter, W.-D. Ludwig, B. Wörmann, J. Harbott, C. Bender-Götze, W., Dörffel, R. Dopfer, E. Frey, W. Havers, G. Henze, J. Kühl, R. Richter, J. Ritter, J. Treimer, F. Zintl, E. Odenwald, K. Welte, H. Riehm: Konzeption und Zwischenergebnis der Therapiestudie ALL-BFM 90 zur Behandlung der akuten lymphoblastischen Leukämie bei Kindern und Jugendlichen: Die Bedeutung des initialen Therapieansprechens in Blut und Knochenmark [Concept and interim analysis of trial ALL-BFM 90 for the treatment of children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Significance of therapy response in peripheral blood and bone maroow]. Klin. Pädiatr. 206 (1994) 208-221
16. Langermann, H.-J., G. Henze, M. Wulf, H. Riehm: Abschätzung der Tumorzellmasse bei der akuten lymphoblastischen Leukämie im Kindesalter: prognostische Bedeutung und praktische Anwendung. Klin. Pädiatr. 194 (1982) 209-213
17. van der Does van den Berg, A., C. R. Bartram, G. Basso, Y. C. Benoit, A. Biondi, K. M. Debatin, O. A Haas, J. Harbott, W. A. Kamps, U. Köller, F. Lampert, W.-D. Ludwig, C. M. Niemeyer, E. R. van Wering: Minimal requirements for the diagnosis, classification, and evaluation of the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the "BFM Family" Cooperative Group. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 20 (1992) 497-505
18. Mastrangelo, R., D. G. Poplack, W. A. Bleyer, R. Riccardi, H. Sather, G. J. D'Angio: Report and Recommendations of the Rome Workshop Concerning Poor-Prognosis Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children: Biologic Bases for Staging, Stratification, and Treatment. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 14 (1986) 191-194
19. Mahmoud, H. H., G. K. Rivera, M. L. Hancock, R. A. Krance, L. E. Kun, F. G. Behm, R. C. Ribeiro, J. T. Sandlund, W. M. Crist, C. H. Pui: Low leukocyte counts with blast cells in cerebrospinal fluid of children with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N. Engl. J. Med. 329 (1993) 314-319
20. Gilchrist, G. S., D. G. Tubergen, H. N. Sather, P. F. Coccia, R. T. O'Brien, M. J. Waskerwitz, G. D. Hammond: Low numbers of CSF blasts at diagnosis do not predict for the development of CNS leukemia in children with intermediate-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a Childrens Cancer Group report. J. Clin. Oncol. 12 (1994) 2594-2600
21. Lauer, S. J., P. A. Kirchner, B. M. Camitta: Identification of leukemic cells in the cerebrospinal fluid from children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: advances and dilemmas. Am. J. Pediatr. Hematol Oncol. 11 (1989) 64-73
22. Riehm, H., H. Gadner, G. Henze, B. Kornhuher, F. Lampert, D., Niethammer, A. Reiter, G. Schellong: Results and significance of six randomized trials in four consecutive ALL-BFM trials. In: Haematology and Blood Transfusion. Vol. 33, Acute Leukemias II. Büchner, Schellong, Hiddemann, and Ritter (editors). Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1990) 439-450
23. Buhrer, C., G. Henze, J. Hofmann, A. Reiter, G. Schellong, H. Riehm: Central nervous system relapse prevention in 1165 standard-risk children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in five BFM trials. In: Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Vol. 33, Acute Leukemias II. Büchner, Schellong, Hiddemann, and Ritter (editors). Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1990), 500-503
24. Henze, G., R. Fengler, A. Reiter, J. Ritter, H. Riehm: Impact of early intensive reinduction therapy on event-free survival in children with low-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In: Haematology and Blood Transfusion. Vol. 33, Acute Leukemias II. Büchner, Schellong, Hiddemann, and Ritter, editors. Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1990), 483-488
25. Schrappe, M., C. Bettoni, N. Graf, R. Ludwig, W. D. Ludwig, A. Reiter, H. Riehm: Improved event-free survival of childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) after introduction of high-dose methotrexate in multicenter trial ALL-BFM 86. Ann Hematol 65, Suppl. (1992) A119(Abstr.)
26. Schrappe, M., A. Reiter, K. Welte, W.-D. Ludwig, J. Harbott, F. Lampert, G. Henze, H. Riehm: Risk adapted treatment in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Data from the Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster group. In: Haematology and Blood Transfusion: Acute Leukemias: Prognostic Factors and Treatment Strategies. T. Büchner, W. Hiddemann, B. Wörmann, G. Schellong, J. Ritter, and U. Creutzig (editors). Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg/New York (1997) 601-610
27. Gelber, R. D., S. E. Sallan, H. J. Cohen, M. Donnelly, V., Dalton, F. Tobia, L. A. Clavell, N. J. Tarbell: Central nervous system treatment in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Long-term follow-up of patients diagnosed between 1973 and 1985. Cancer 72 (1993) 261-270
28. Conter, V., M. Arico, M. G. Valsecchi, C. Rizzari, A. M. Testi, C. Messina, P. G. Mori, R. Miniero, R. Colella, G. Basso, R. Rondelli, A. Pession, G. Masera: Extended intrathecal methotrexate may replace cranial irradiation for prevention of CNS relapse in children with intermediate-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster-based intensive chemotherapy. The Associazione Italiana di Ematologia ed Oncologia Pediatrica. J. Clin. Oncol. 13 (1995) 2497-2502
29. Tubergen, D. G., G. S. Gilchrist, R. T. O'Brien, P F. Coccia, H. N. Sather, M. J. Waskerwitz, G. D. Hammond: Prevention of CNS disease in intermediate-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia: comparison of cranial radiation and intrathecal methotrexate and the importance of systemic therapy: a Childrens Cancer Group report. J. Clin. Oncol. 11 (1993) 520-526
30. Veerman, A. J., K. Hahlen, W. A. Kamps, E. F. van Leeuwen, G. A. De Vaan, G. Solbu, S. Suciu, E. R. van Wering, A. Van der Does-Van der Berg: High cure rate with a moderately intensive treatment regimen in non-high-risk childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Results of protocol ALL VI from the Dutch Childhood Leukemia Study Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 14 (1996) 911-918
31. Gajjar, A., R. Ribeiro, M. L. Hancock, G. K. Rivera, H. Mahmoud, J. T. Sandlund, W. M. Crist, C. H. Pui: Persistence of circulating blasts after 1 week of multiagent chemotherapy confers a poor prognosis in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 86 (1995) 1292-1295
32. Nachman, J., H. N. Sather, P. S. Gaynon, J. N. Lukens, L. Wolff, M. E. Trigg: Augmented Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster therapy abrogates the adverse prognostic significance of slow early response to induction chemotherapy for children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and unfavorable presenting features: A report from the children's cancer group. J. Clin. Oncol. 15 (1997) 2222-2230
33. Butler, R. W., J. M. Hill, P. G. Steinherz, P. A. Meyers, J. L. Finlay: Neuropsychological effects of cranial irradiation, intrathecal methotrexate. and systemic methotrexate in childhood cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 12 (1994) 2621-2629
34. Creutzig, U., J. Ritter, M. Zimmermann, G. Schellong: Does cranial irradiation reduce the risk for bone marrow relapse an acute myelogenous leukemia? Unexpected results of the childhood acute myclogenous leukemia study BFM-87. J. Clin. Oncol. 11 (1993) 279-286
35. Reiter, A., M. Schrappe, W. D. Ludwig, F. Lampen, J. Harbott, G. Henze, C. M. Niemeyer, H. Gadner, S. Muller Weihrich, J. Ritter, F. Odenwald, H. Riehm: Favorable outcome of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood: a report of three consecutive studies of the BFM group. Blood 80 (1992) 2471-2478
36. Dorffel, W., F. Zintl, H. Malke, G. Reuter, M. Reimann: Prognosis of initial CNS involvement in acute lymphoblastic leukemia childhood. In: Haematology and Blood Transfusion. Vol. 33, Acute Leukemias II. Büchner, Schellong, Hiddemann, and Ritter (editors). Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1990), 494-499
37. Odom, L. F., H. Wilson, J. Cullen, J. Bank, M. Blake, B Jamieson: Significance of blasts in low-cell-count cerebrospinal fluid specimens from children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer 66 (1990) 1748-1754
38. Tubergen, D. G., J. W. Cullenv Boyett, G. S. Gilchrist, R. T. O'Brien, P. F. Coccia, M. J. Waskerwitz: Blasts in CSF with a normal cell count do not justify alteration of therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in remission: a Childrens Cancer Group Study. J. Clin. Oncol. 12 (1994) 273-278
39. Mielcarek, M., C. Sperling, M. Schrappe, U. Meyer, H. Riehm, W.-D. Ludwig: Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: correlation with clinical features and outcome. Br. J. Haematol. 96 (1997) 301-307
40. Pieters, R., D. R. Huismans, A. H. Loonen, K. Hählen, A. van der Does van den Berg, E. R. van Wering, A. J. P. Veerman: Relation of cellular drug resistance to long-term clinical outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Lancet 338 (1991) 399-103