Evening emergence behavior and seasonal dynamics in large colonies of Brazilian free-tailed bats

Journal of Mammalogy

Volumn 90, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 1478-1486

  Reichard, Jonathan D ^a   Gonzalez, Lauren E ^a   Casey, Caitlin M ^a   Allen, Louise C ^a   Hristov, Nickolay I ^a   Kunz, Thomas H ^a  

^a Boston University   (United States)

Author keywords

Behavioral plasticity; Emergence timing; Foraging; Intraspecific competition; Refuging; Reproductive timing

Indexed keywords

ANTIPREDATOR DEFENSE; AVOIDANCE REACTION; BAT; BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY; BIOENERGETICS; COLONY STRUCTURE; EMERGENCE; ENVIRONMENTAL CUE; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; HYPOTHESIS TESTING; INTRASPECIFIC COMPETITION; PARTURITION; SEASONAL VARIATION; TRADE-OFF;

TEXAS; UNITED STATES;

ANIMALIA; TADARIDA BRASILIENSIS;

EID: 73349142881     PISSN: 00222372     EISSN: 15451542     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1644/08-MAMM-A-266R1.1     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. ANTHONY, E. L. P. 1988. Age determination in bats. Pp. 31-46 in Ecological and behavioral methods for the study of bats (T. H. Kunz, ed.). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
2. BAXTER, D. J. M., J. M. PSYLLAKIS, M. P. GILLINGHAM, AND E. L. O'BRIEN. 2006. Behavioural response of bats to perceived predation risk while foraging. Ethology 112:977-983.
3. BERGER, J. 1992. Facilitation of reproductive synchrony by gestation adjustment in gregarious mammals: a new hypothesis. Ecology 73:323-329.
4. BETKE, M., ET AL. 2008. Thermal imaging reveals significantly smaller Brazilian free-tailed bat colonies than previously estimated. Journal of Mammalogy 89:18-24.
5. BONESS, D. J. 1991. Determinants of mating systems in the Otariidae (Pinnipedia). Pp. 1-44 in Behavior of pinnipeds (D. Renouf, ed.). Chapman and Hall, London, United Kingdom.
6. CLEVELAND, C. J., ET AL. 2006. Economic value of the pest control service provided by Brazilian free-tailed bats in south-central Texas. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 4:238-243.
7. COCKRUM, E. L. 1969. Migration in the guano bat, Tadarida brasiliensis. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas 51:303-336.
8. CONSTANTINE, D. G. 1967. Activity patterns of the Mexican free-tailed bat. University of New Mexico Publications in Biology 7:1-79.
9. DAVIS, R. B., C. F. HERREID II, AND H. L. SHORT. 1962. Mexican freetailed bats in Texas. Ecological Monographs 32:311-346.
10. DUVERGÉ , P., G. JONES, J. RYDELL, AND R. RANSOME. 2000. Functional significance of emergence timing in bats. Ecography 23:32-40.
11. ERKERT, H. 1982. Ecological aspects of bat activity rhythms. Pp. 201- 242 in Ecology of bats (T. H. Kunz, ed.). Plenum, New York.
12. FENTON, M. B., I. RAUTENBACH, S. SMITH, AND C. SWANEPOEL. 1994. Raptors and bats: threats and opportunities. Animal Behaviour 48:9-19.
13. FOX, R., S. W. LEHMKUHLE, AND D. H. WESTENDORF. 1976. Falcon visual acuity. Science 192:263-265.
14. GANNON, W. L., R. S. SIKES, AND THE ANIMAL CARE AND USE COMMITTEE OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MAMMALOGISTS. 2007. Guidelines of the American Society of Mammalogists for the use of wild mammals in research. Journal of Mammalogy 88:809-823.
15. GILLETTE, D. D., AND J. KIMBOROUGH. 1970. Chiropteran mortality. Pp. 262-281 in About bats (B. Slaughter and D. Walton, eds.). Southern Methodist University Press, Dallas, Texas.
16. GLASS, B. P. 1982. Seasonal movements of Mexican free-tailed bats, Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana, banded in the Great Plains. Southwestern Naturalist 27:127-133.
17. HAMILTON, W. J., III, AND K. E. WATT, F. 1970. Refuging. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 1:263-286.
18. HAWKINS, B. A., AND M. HOLYOAK. 1998. Transcontinental crashes of insect populations? American Naturalist 152:480-484.
19. HAYES, L. D. 2000. To nest communally or not to nest communally: a review of rodent communal nesting and nursing. Animal Behaviour 59:677-688.
20. HAYSSEN, V., AND T. H. KUNZ. 1996. Allometry of litter mass in bats: comparisons with respect to maternal size, wing morphology, and phylogeny. Journal of Mammalogy 77:476-490.
21. HERMANSON, J. W. 2000. A comparative perspective on the ontogeny of flight muscles in bats. Pp. 333-361 in Ontogeny, functional ecology, and evolution of bats (R. A. Adams and S. C. Pedersen, eds.). Cambridge University Press, New York.
22. HERMANSON, J. W., AND K. T. WILKINS. 1986. Pre-weaning mortality in a Florida maternity roost of Myotis austroriparius and Tadarida brasiliensis. Journal of Mammalogy 67:751-754.
23. HERREID, C. F., II, AND R. B. DAVIS. 1966. Flight patterns of bats. Journal of Mammalogy 47:78-86.
24. HORN, J. W., AND T. H. KUNZ. 2008. Analyzing NEXRAD Doppler radar images to assess nightly dispersal patterns and population trends in Brazilian free-tailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis). Integrative and Comparative Biology 48:24-39.
25. HOYING, K. M., AND T. H. KUNZ. 1998. Variation in size at birth and post-natal growth in the eastern pipistrelle bat, Pipistrellus subflavus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Journal of Zoology (London) 245:15-27.
26. JONES, G. 2000. The ontogeny of behavior in bats: a functional perspective. Pp. 362-392 in Ontogeny, functional ecology, and evolution of bats (R. A. Adams and S. C. Pedersen, eds.). Cambridge University Press, New York.
27. JONES, G., AND J. RYDELL. 1994. Foraging strategy and predation risk as factors influencing emergence time in echolocating bats. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B. Biological Sciences 67:445-455.
28. KALCOUNIS, M. C., AND R. M. BRIGHAM. 1994. Impact of predation risk on emergence by little brown bats Myotis lucifugus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from a maternity roost. Ethology 98:201-209.
29. KEELEY, A. T. H., AND B. W. KEELEY. 2004. The mating system of Tadarida brasiliensis (Chiroptera: Molossidae) in a large highway bridge. Journal of Mammalogy 85:113-119.
30. KUNZ, T. H. 1971. Reproduction of some vespertilionid bats in central Iowa. American Midland Naturalist 86:477-486.
31. KUNZ, T. H. 1973. Population studies of the cave bat (Myotis velifer): reproduction, growth and development. Occasional Papers, Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas 15:1-43.
32. KUNZ, T. H. 1974. Feeding ecology of a temperate insectivorous bat (Myotis velifer). Ecology 55:693-711.
33. KUNZ, T. H. 1982. Roosting ecology of bats. Pp. 1-55 in Ecology of bats (T. H. Kunz, ed.). Plenum Press, New York.
34. KUNZ, T. H., AND E. L. P. ANTHONY. 1996. Variation in the timing of nightly emergence behavior in the little brown bat, Myotis lucifugus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Pp. 225-235 in Contributions in mammalogy: a memorial volume honoring Dr. J. Knox Jones, Jr. (H. H. Genoways and R. J. Baker, eds.). Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock.
35. KUNZ, T. H., AND W. HOOD. 2000. Parental care and postnatal growth in the Chiroptera. Pp. 415-468 in Reproductive biology of bats (E. G. Crichton and P. H. Krutzsch, eds.). Academic Press, New York.
36. KUNZ, T. H., AND S. K. ROBSON. 1995. Postnatal growth and development in the Mexican free-tailed bat (Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana): birth size, growth rates, and age estimation. Journal of Mammalogy 76:769-783.
37. KUNZ, T. H., O. T. OFTEDAL, S. K. ROBSON, M. KRETZMANN, AND C. KIRK. 1995a. Changes in milk composition during lactation in three species of insectivorous bats. Journal of Comparative Physiology, B. Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology 164:543-551.
38. KUNZ, T. H., J. O.WHITAKER, JR., AND M. D.WADANOLI. 1995b.Dietary energetics of the Mexican free-tailed bat (Tadarida brasiliensis) during pregnancy and lactation. Oecologia 101:107-115.
39. KURTA, A., G. BELL, K. A. NAGY, AND T. H. KUNZ. 1989. Energetics of pregnancy and lactation in free-ranging little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus). Physiological Zoology 62:804-818.
40. LEE, Y.-F., AND Y. M. KUO. 2001. Predation on Mexican free-tailed bats by peregrine falcons and red-tailed hawks. Journal of Raptor Research 35:115-123.
41. LEE, Y.-F., AND G. F. MCCRACKEN. 2001. Timing and variation in the emergence and return of Mexican free-tailed bats, Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana. Zoological Studies 40:309-316.
42. LEE, Y.-F., AND G. F. MCCRACKEN. 2005. Dietary variation of Brazilian free-tailed bats links to migratory populations of pest insects. Journal of Mammalogy 86:67-76.
43. NORBERG, U. M., AND J. M. V. RAYNER. 1987. Ecological morphology and flight in bats (Mammalia; Chiroptera): wing adaptations, flight performance, foraging strategy and echolocation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B. Biological Sciences 316:335-427.
44. O'DONNELL, C. F. J. 2000. Influence of season, habitat, temperature, and invertebrate availability on nocturnal activity of the New Zealand long-tailed bat (Chalinolobus tuberculatus). New Zealand Journal of Zoology 27:207-221.
45. OFTEDAL, O. T. 1985. Pregnancy and lactation. Pp. 215-238 in Bioenergetics of wild herbivores (J. R. Hudson and R. G. White, eds.). CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
46. PAPADIMITRIOU, H. M., S. M. SWARTZ, AND T. H. KUNZ. 1996. Ontogenetic and anatomic variation in mineralization of the wing skeleton of the Mexican free-tailed bat, Tadarida brasiliensis. Journal of Zoology (London) 240:411-426.
47. PERRY, A. E., AND G. ROGERS. 1964. Predation by great horned owl (Bubo virginianus) on young Mexican freetailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana) in Major County, Oklahoma. Southwestern Naturalist 9:205.
48. RACEY, P. A. 1988. Reproductive assessment in bats. Pp. 31-46 in Ecological and behavioral methods for the study of bats (T. H. Kunz and P. A. Racey, eds.). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
49. ROLSETH, S. L., C. E. KOEHLER, AND R. M. R. BARCLAY. 1994. Differences in the diets of juvenile and adult hoary bats, Lasiurus cinereus. Journal of Mammalogy 75:394-398.
50. RUSSO, D., L. CISTRONE, AND G. JONES. 2007. Emergence time in forest bats: the influence of canopy closure. Acta Oecologica 31:119-126.
51. RYDELL, J., A. ENTWISTLE, AND P. A. RACEY. 1996. Timing of foraging flights of three species of bats in relation to insect activity and predation risk. Oikos 76:243-252.
52. RYDELL, J., AND J. R. SPEAKMAN. 1995. Nocturnality in bats: potential competitors and predators during their early history. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 54:183-191.
53. SCHMIDT-NIELSEN, K. 1972. Locomotion: energy cost of swimming, flying, and running. Science 177:222-228.
54. SHIEL, C. B., AND J. S. FAIRLEY. 1999. Evening emergence of two nursery colonies of Leisler's bat (Nyctalus leisleri) in Ireland. Journal of Zoology (London) 247:439-447.
55. SPEAKMAN, J. R. 1991. Why do insectivorous bats in Britain not fly in daylight more often? Functional Ecology 5:518-524.
56. SPEAKMAN, J. R. 1995. Chiropteran nocturnality. Pp. 187-201 in Ecology, evolution and behaviour of bats (P. A. Racey and S. M. Swift, eds.). Clarendon Press, Oxford, United Kingdom.
57. SPEAKMAN, J. R., ET AL. 2000. Activity patterns of insectivorous bats and birds in northern Scandinavia (69uN), during continuous midsummer daylight. Oikos 88:75-86.
58. SPEAKMAN, J. R., AND N. TALLACH. 1998. Do emerging pipistrelle bats lose control of their timing due to crowd pressure? Journal of Zoology (London) 246:445-448.
59. SPEAKMAN, J. R., AND D. W. THOMAS. 2003. Physiological ecology and energetics of bats. Pp. 430-492 in Bat ecology (T. H. Kunz and M. B. Fenton, eds.). University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.
60. SWIFT, S. M. 1980. Activity patterns of pipistrelle bats (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) in north-east Scotland. Journal of Zoology (London) 190:285-295.
61. SWIFT, S. M., AND P. A. RACEY. 1983. Resource partitioning in two species of vespertilionid bats (Chiroptera) occupying the same roost. Journal of Zoology (London) 200:249-259.
62. TUTTLE, M. D., AND D. STEVENSON. 1982. Growth and survival of bats. Pp. 105-150 in Ecology of bats (T. H. Kunz, ed.). Plenum Press, New York.
63. WELBERGEN, J. A. 2006. Timing of the evening emergence from day roosts of the grey-headed flying fox, Pteropus poliocephalus: the effects of predation risk, foraging needs, and social context. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 60:311-322.
64. WHITAKER, J. O., JR., C. NEEFUS, AND T. H. KUNZ. 1996. Dietary variation in the Mexican free-tailed bat (Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana). Journal of Mammalogy 77:716-724.
65. WILKINS, K. T. 1989. Tadarida brasiliensis. Mammalian Species 331:1-10.
66. WINKLER, W. G., AND D. B. ADAMS. 1972. Utilization of southwestern bat caves by terrestrial carnivores. American Midland Naturalist 87:191-200.