Calibrating an FDS simulation of goods-vehicle fire growth in a tunnel using the Runehamar experiment

Journal of Fire Protection Engineering

Volumn 19, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 177-196

  Cheong, M K ^a   Spearpoint, M J ^b   Fleischmann, C M ^b  

^a LAND TRANSPORT AUTHORITY   (Singapore)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CANTERBURY   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Heat release rate; Numerical simulation; Tunnel fire reconstruction

Indexed keywords

COMPLEX FUELS; FIRE DYNAMICS SIMULATOR; FIRE GROWTH; GEOMETRIC REPRESENTATION; HEAT RELEASE RATES; NUMERICAL SIMULATION; PLASTIC PALLETS; TUNNEL FIRE EXPERIMENT; TUNNEL FIRES; VEHICLE FIRES;

COMPUTER SIMULATION; WIND TUNNELS;

FIRES;

EID: 73249152429     PISSN: 10423915     EISSN: 1532172X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1042391508101981     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Bendelius A., "Fire Protection for Road Tunnels", In: Fire Protection Handbook, 19th Edition, National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA, USA, 2003, pp. 14-127 to 14-144.
2. PIARC, Fire and Smoke Control in Road Runnel, Permanent International Association of Road Congress Committee on Road Tunnel (C5), 1999, Publication 05.05. B. Website: http://www.piarc.org/, Accessed 20 May, 2007.
3. NFPA 502, Standards for Road Tunnels, Bridges and Other Limited Access Highways, National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA, USA, 2004.
4. BD78/99, Design Manual for Roads and Bridges, The Highway Agency, 1999. Website: http://www.standardsforhighways.co.uk/dmrb/vol2/section2/bd7899.pdf, Accessed 20 June, 2007.
5. Ingason, H. and Lönnermark, A., "Heat Release Rates from Heavy Goods Vehicle Trailer Fires in Tunnels", Fire Safety Journal, Vol. 40, 2005, pp. 646-668.
6. Rein, G., Abecassis Empis, C. and Carvel, R. O., The Dalmarnock Fire Tests: Experiments and Modelling, School of Engineering and Electronics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK, 2007.
7. Ingason, H. and Lönnermark, A., Project Description and Planning of Large-scale Tests in Runehamar Tunnel, SP Fire Technology, Swedish National Testing and Research Institute, Boras, Sweden, 2003.
8. Lönnermark, A. and Ingason, H., "Gas Temperatures in Heavy Goods Vehicle Fires in Tunnels", Fire Safety Journal, Vol. 40, 2005, pp. 506-527.
9. Brekelmans, J. and Bosch, R. V., Summary of Large Scale Fire Tests in the Runehamar Tunnel in Norway, Delft, UPTUN, TNO, PROMAT, 2003. CD-ROM from Promat Australia Pte Ltd
10. McGrattan, K., Fire Dynamics Simulator (Version 4) Technical Reference Guide, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA, 2005.
11. McGrattan, K. and Forney, G., Fire Dynamics Simulator (Version 4) User's Guide, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA, 2005.
12. Drysdale, D., An Introduction to Fire Dynamics, 2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, London, 1998.
13. Promat, "Full Scale Fire Tests - Thermal Protection Boards, Runehamar tunnel, Norway", Promat Tunnel, http://www.promat-tunnel.com/en/ thermal-protection-boards.aspx, Accessed 19 February 2007.
14. White, M. S., "Pallets Move the World - The Need for International Pallets Standards", ISO Bulletin, Pallet & Container Research Laboratory, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/commcentre/pdf/Pallets0008.pdf, Accessed 5 March 2007.
15. Thureson, P., Eurefic - Cone Calorimater Test Results: Project 4 of the Eurefic Fire Research Programme, SP Fire Technology, Swedish National Testing and Research Institute, Boras, Sweden, 1991.
16. Babrauskas, V. and Grayson, S. J., Heat Release in Fires, Elsevier Applied Science, London and New York, 1992.
17. Babrauskas, V., Ignition Handbook: Principles and Applications to Fire Safety Engineering, Fire Investigation, Risk Management and Forensic Science, Fire Science Publishers, Issaquah, WA, USA, 2003.
18. Ingason, H., Gustavsson, S. and Dahlberg, M., Heat Release Rate Measurement in Tunnel Fires, SP Fire Technology, Swedish National Testing and Research Institute, Boras, Sweden, 1994.
19. Carvel, R. O., Beard, A. N., Jowitt, P. W. and Drysdale, D. D., "The Influence of Tunnel Geometry and Ventilation on the Heat Release Rate of a Fire", Fire Technology, Vol. 40, No. 1, 2004, pp. 5-26.
20. DiNenno, P., ed., The SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering, 3rd Edition, Appendix B, National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA, USA, 2002.
21. Beard, A. N., "Tunnel Fire Safety: Prevention, Protection and Ventilation", In: China Tunnel Summit-2008, 20-21 March 2008, Shanghai.
22. Forney, G. P. and McGrattan, K., User's Guide for Smokeview Version 4. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA, 2004.
23. Lemaire, T. and Kenyon, Y., "Large Scale Fire Tests in the Second Benelux Tunnel", Fire Technology, Vol. 42, 2006, pp. 329-350.