Accumulation of lead, cadmium, manganese, copper and zinc by sludge worms; Tubifex tubifex in sewage sludge

International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology

Volumn 7, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 119-126

  Kaonga, C C ^a   Kumwenda, J ^b   Mapoma, H T ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MALAWI   (Malawi)

^b MALAWI LIVERPOOL WELLCOME TRUST CLINICAL RESEARCH PROGRAMME   (Malawi)

Author keywords

Biological indicator; Heavy metals; Pollution; T. tubifex; Wastewater treatment plant

Indexed keywords

ACTIVATED SLUDGE; ANNELID; BIOINDICATOR; BIOREMEDIATION; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; HEAVY METAL; WASTE TREATMENT; WASTEWATER;

TUBIFEX TUBIFEX; TUBIFICIDAE;

EID: 73249117694     PISSN: 17351472     EISSN: 17352630     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF03326123     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Abdel-Ghani, N. T.; Hefny, M.; El-Chaghaby, G. A. F., (2007). Removal of lead from aqueous solution using low cost abundantly available adsorbents. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech.,4 (1), 67-74 (8 pages).
2. Adams, W. J.; Kimerle, R. A.; Barnet, J. W., (1992). Sediment quality and aquatic life assessment. Environ. Sci. Tech., 26 (10), 1865-1875 (11 pages).
3. Alloway, B. J., (1995). Heavy metals insoils, 2nd. Ed., Blackie Academic and Professionals, London, UK
4. Alloway, B. J.; Ayres, D. C., (1997). Chemical principles of environmental pollution 2nd. Ed., Blackie Academic and Professional, London, UK.
5. Anderson, J. M.; Ingram, J. S. I., (1993). Tropical soil biology: A Handbook of Methods 2nd. Ed. CAB International, UK.
6. APHA., (1985). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater 16th. Ed. American Public HealthAssociation, Washington DC, USA.
7. AOAC., (1990). Official methods of analyses 15th. Ed., Association of Official Analytical Chemists, New York, USA.
8. Bamgbose, O.; Odukoya, O.; Arowolo, T. O. A.,(2000). Earthworms as bio-indicators of heavy metal pollution in dumpsites of Abeokuta city. Nigeria. Rev. Biol. Trop., 48(1), 229-234 (6 pages).
9. Beyer, W. N., (1996). Accumulation of chlorinated benzenes in earthworms. bulletin of environ. Contamin. Toxicol., 57 (5), 729-736 (8 pages).
10. BCA., (1995). Sanitation masterplan study for city of Blantyre; existing sanitation situation. Vol.1. Blantyre City Assembly, Carl Bro International A/S in association with BNM Consortium.
11. Campbell, N. A., (1996). Biology, 4th. Ed. The Benjamin/cummings publishing company Inc., University of California, USA.
12. Campos, J. L.; Oteroa, L.; Francoa, A.; Mosquera-Corrala, A.; Rocaa, E., (2009). Ozonation strategies to reduce sludge production of a seafood industry WWTP. Bioresour. Tech., 100 (3), 1069-1073 (5 pages).
13. Cooke, G. W., (1982). Fertiizing for maximum yield 3rd. Ed., Granada Publishing Limited, London.
14. Gendebien, A. H.; Cartmell, E.; Chambers, B. J.; Nicholson, F. A.; Aitken, M. N., (1999). Beneficial effects of biosolids on soil quality and fertility. SAC/SEPA Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland.
15. Grandjean, P., (1992). Health significance of metals, in: Maxcy Rosenau Last, (Eds.), Public health and preventive medicine. Prentice-Hall International Inc, London, UK
16. Grimanis, A. P.; Zafiropoulos, D.; Vassilaki, R.; Grimanis, M., (1978). Trace elements in the flesh and liver of two fish species from polluted and unpolluted areas in the Aegean Sea. Environ. Sci. Tech., 12 (6), 723-726 (4 pages).
17. GoM., (1994). National environmental action plan: The action plan.Vol. 1. Government of Malawi, Department of Environmental Affairs, Lilongwe, Malawi.
18. Ireland, M. P., (1983). Heavy metal uptake and tissue distribution, in: Satchell, J. E., (Eds.), Earthworms ecology, from Darwin to vermi culture. Chapman and Hall, London, UK.
19. Iretskaya, S. N.; Chien, S.H., (1999). Comparison of cadmium uptake by five different food grain crops grown on three soils of varying pH. Comm. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 30 (3-4), 441-448 (8 pages).
20. Jaques, A. P., (1987). National inventory of sources and emissions of manganese. Report EPS 5/MM/1. Ministry of Supply and Services, Canada.
21. Kadewa, W. W.; Henry, E. M.; Masamba, W. R. M.; Kaunda, C. C.,(2001). Impact of sewage sludge application to horticulture: A case of the city of Blantyre, in: Proceedings of the First Chancellor College Research Dissemination Conference. Zomba, Malawi
22. Kaitala, S., (1988). Multiple toxicity and accumulation of heavy metals in two bivalve mollusc species. Water Sci. Tech., 20 (6-7), 23-32 (10 pages).
23. Kale, R. D., (1998). Earthworms: Natures gift for utilization of organic wastes. Earthworms ecology. CRC Press, Boca Raton FL, 355-377.
24. Kaeser, A. J.; Sharpe, W. E., (2006). Patterns of distribution and abundance of Tubifex tubifex and other aquatic Oligochaetes in Myxobolus cerebralis enzootic areas in Pennsylvania. J. Aquat. Anim. Health, 18(1),64-78 (15 pages).
25. Kaonga, C. C.; Chiotha, S.S.; Monjerezi, M.; Fabiano, E.; Henry, E.M., (2008). Levels of cadmium, manganese and lead in water and algae Spirogyra aequinoctialis. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech., 5(4), 471-478 (8 pages)
26. Kara, Y., (2005). Bioaccumulation of Cu, Zn and Ni from the wastewater by treated Nasturtium officinale. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech., 2 (1), 63-68 (6 pages)
27. Koch, M.; Rotard, W., (2001). On the contribution of background sources to the heavy metal content of municipal sewage sludge. Water Sci. Tech., 43 (2), 67-74 (8 pages).
28. Lanno, R.; Wells, J.; Conder, J.; Bradham, K.; Basta, N., (2004). The bioavailability of chemicals in soil for earthworms. Ecotox. Environ. Safe., 57 (1), 39-47 (9 pages).
29. Leeper, G. W., (1978). Managing the heavy metals on the land. Pollution. Engineering and Tech., Vol. 6. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, USA.
30. Ma, W. C., (2004). Estimating heavy metal accumulation in oligochaete earthworms: A meta- analysis of field data. Bull Environ. Contamin. Toxicol., 72 (4), 663-670 (8 pages).
31. MAFF., (1987). Methods for the determination of metals in soils, sediments, sewage sludge and plants by hydrochloric-nitric acid digestion. Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries, HMSO, UK.
32. Manly, R., (1996). Biological indicators, in: Fifield, F.W., Haines, P.J. (Eds.). Environmental analytical chemistry. Black Academic and Professional, Oxford, London.
33. Morgan, A. J.; Stürzenbaum, S. R.; Kille, P., (1999). A short overview of molecular biomarker strategies with particular regard to recent developments on earthworms. Pedobiologia., 43 (6), 574-584 (11 pages).
34. Moore, J. W., (1991). Inorganic contaminants of surface water: Research and monitoring priorities.Springer-Verlag, New York, USA.
35. Nouri, J. (1980). Heavy metals in sewage sludge, soils amended with sludge and their uptake by plants. Ph.D. dissertation, Westfield College, University of London.
36. Nouri, J.; Mahvi, A. H.; Jahed, G.R.; Babaei, A. A., (2008). Regional distribution pattern of groundwater heavy metals resulting from agricultural activities. Environ. Geo., 55(6), 1337-1343 (7 pages).
37. Penney, D., (2004), Micronutrients, agriculture, food and rural development, Alberta Government. http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/aesa1851?opendocument
38. Roth, D.; Fay, L.; Moyer, K.; Warne, R., (1997). Environmental lands acquisition and maintenance strategy discussion paper. South West Florida Water Management District, (SWFWMD).
39. Spurgeon, D. J.; Weeks, J. M.; Van Gestel, C. A. M., (2003). A summary of eleven years progress in earthworm ecotoxicology. Pedobiologia., 47 (5-6), 588-606 (19 pages).
40. Stauber, J. L.; Florence, T. M., (1987). Mechanism of toxicity of ionic copper and copper complexes to algae. Marine Biol., 94 (4), 511-519 (9 pages).
41. Suthar, S.; Singh, S., (2008). Vermicomposting of domestic waste by using two epigeic earthworms (Perionyx excavatus and Perionyx sansibaricus). Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech., 5(1), 99-106 (8 pages).
42. Suzuki, K. T.; Yamamura, M.; Mori, T., (1980). Cadmium-binding proteins induced in the earthworm. Arch. Environ. Cont. Toxicol., 9(4), 415-424 (10 pages).
43. Tolosana, S.; Erhlich, R., (2000). Composition of liquid effluent discharged by medical institutions in Cape Town. S. Afr. J. Sci., 96 (8), 417-420 (4 pages).
44. US EPA., (1983). Land application of municipal sludge; Process design manual.United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, USA.
45. Vivier, F. S., (1994). Wastewater use activities in South Africa. WHO-Afro Regional Workshop on Health, Agriculture and Environmental Aspects on the Use of Wastewater. Harare, Zimbabwe, Oct. 31- Nov.
46. Volpers, M.; Neumann, D., (2005). Tolerance of two tubificid species (Tubifex tubifex and Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri) to hypoxic and sulfidic conditions in novel, long- term experiments. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 164 (1), 13-38 (25 pages).
47. Ward, S., (1997). Worms in the aquarium part one: Tubifex. (Downloaded: January, 14, 2009,
48. Woodwell, G. M., (1972). A watch on the earth; Man's home series. United Nations Conference on the Human Environment. Stockholm, Sweden.