Topical imiquimod or fluorouracil therapy for basal and squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review

Archives of Dermatology

Volumn 145, Issue 12, 2009, Pages 1431-1438

  Love, W Elliot ^a   Bernhard, Jeffrey D ^b   Bordeaux, Jeremy S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS OF CLEVELAND   (United States)

^b Dermatology Associates of Concord   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FLUOROURACIL; IMIQUIMOD;

BACKACHE; BASAL CELL CARCINOMA; BLEEDING; BOWEN DISEASE; BURN; CANCER INVASION; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER SURGERY; CANCER THERAPY; CARCINOMA IN SITU; CASE STUDY; CLINICAL EVALUATION; CLINICAL TRIAL; COCHRANE LIBRARY; CRUSTING; CRYING; DRUG CLEARANCE; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; EDEMA; EROSION; ERYTHEMA; FEVER; FLU LIKE SYNDROME; FOLLOW UP; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM; HEADACHE; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; HYPERPIGMENTATION; HYPOPIGMENTATION; IRRITANT DERMATITIS; LONG TERM CARE; MEDLINE; MONOTHERAPY; MULTIMODALITY CANCER THERAPY; PAIN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; PRURITUS; RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; REVIEW; SCAR FORMATION; SIDE EFFECT; SKIN CANCER; SKIN CARCINOMA; SKIN INDURATION; SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; STINGLING; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TACHYCARDIA; TENDERNESS; THERAPY EFFECT; ULCER; UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION; VESICULATION;

ADMINISTRATION, TOPICAL; AMINOQUINOLINES; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; CARCINOMA, BASAL CELL; CARCINOMA, SQUAMOUS CELL; FLUOROURACIL; HUMANS; METABOLIC CLEARANCE RATE; SKIN NEOPLASMS;

EID: 73149117784     PISSN: 0003987X     EISSN: 15383652     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1001/archdermatol.2009.291     Document Type: Review

References (47)

1. Efudex (fluorouracil) cream, 5% [package insert]. Aliso Viejo, CA: Valeant Pharmaceuticals International; 2005.
2. Aldara (imiquimod) cream, 5% [package insert]. St Paul, MN: 3M Pharmaceuticals; 2004.
3. Hemmi H, Kaisho T, Takeuchi O, et al. Small anti-viral compounds activate immune cells via the TLR7 MyD88-dependent signaling pathway. Nat Immunol. 2002; 3(2):196-200 . Medline:11812998.
4. Miller RL, Gerster JF, Owens ML, Slade HB, Tomai MA. Imiquimod applied topically: a novel immune response modifier and new class of drug. Int J Immunopharmacol. 1999;21(1):1-14.
5. Ebell MH, Siwek J, Weiss BD, et al. Strength of recommendation taxonomy (SORT): a patient-centered approach to grading evidence in the medical literature. Am Fam Physician. 2004;69(3):548-556.
6. Geisse JK, Rich P, Pandya A, et al. Imiquimod 5% cream for the treatment of superficial basal cell carcinoma: a double-blind, randomized, vehicle-controlled study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2002;47(3):390-398.
7. Schulze HJ, Cribier B, Requena L, et al. Imiquimod 5% cream for the treatment of superficial basal cell carcinoma: results from a randomized vehicle-controlled phase III study in Europe. Br J Dermatol. 2005;152(5):939-947.
8. Geisse J, Caro I, Lindholm J, Golitz L, Stampone P, Owens M. Imiquimod 5% cream for the treatment of superficial basal cell carcinoma: results from two phase III, randomized, vehicle-controlled studies. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004;50(5): 722-733.
9. Gollnick H, Barona CG, Frank RG, et al. Recurrence rate of superficial basal cell carcinoma following successful treatment with imiquimod 5% cream: interim 2-year results from an ongoing 5-year follow-up study in Europe. Eur J Dermatol. 2005;15(5):374-381.
10. Gollnick H, Barona CG, Frank RG, et al. Recurrence rate of superficial basal cell carcinoma following treatment with imiquimod 5% cream: conclusion of a 5-year long-term follow-up study in Europe. Eur J Dermatol. 2008;18(6):677-682.
11. Vidal D, Mat?́as-Guiu X, Alomar A. Open study of the efficacy and mechanism of action of topical imiquimod in basal cell carcinoma. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2004; 29(5):518-525.
12. Vidal D, Mat?́as-Guiu X, Alomar A. Fifty-five basal cell carcinomas treated with topical imiquimod: outcome at 5-year follow-up. Arch Dermatol. 2007;143 (2):266-268.
13. Shumack S, Gebauer K, Quirk C, Macdonald K, Walters SA, Owens M. 5% Imiquimod cream for the treatment of large superficial basal cell carcinoma. Arch Dermatol. 2004;140(10):1286-1287.
14. Quirk C, Gebauer K, Owens M, Stampone P. Two-year interim results from a 5-year study evaluating clinical recurrence of superficial basal cell carcinoma after treatment with imiquimod 5% cream daily for 6 weeks. Australas J Dermatol. 2006; 47(4):258-265.
15. Schiessl C, Wolber C, Tauber M, Offner F, Strohal R. Treatment of all basal cell carcinoma variants including large and high-risk lesions with5%imiquimod cream: histological and clinical changes, outcome, and follow-up. J Drugs Dermatol. 2007; 6(5):507-513.
16. Peris K, Campione E, Micantonio T, Marulli GC, Fargnoli MC, Chimenti S. Imiquimod treatment of superficial and nodular basal cell carcinoma: 12-week openlabel trial. Dermatol Surg. 2005;31(3):318-323.
17. Marks R, Gebauer K, Shumack S, et al; Australasian Multicentre Trial Group. Imiquimod 5% cream in the treatment of superficial basal cell carcinoma: results of a multicenter 6-week dose-response trial. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2001; 44(5):807-813.
18. Marks R, Owens M, Walters SA; Australian Multi-Centre Trial Group. Efficacy and safety of 5% imiquimod cream in treating patients with multiple superficial basal cell carcinomas. Arch Dermatol. 2004;140(10):1284-1285.
19. Sterry W, Ruzicka T, Herrera E, et al. Imiquimod 5% cream for the treatment of superficial and nodular basal cell carcinoma: randomized studies comparing low-frequency dosing with and without occlusion. Br J Dermatol. 2002;147(6): 1227-1236.
20. Vun Y, Siller G. Use of 5% imiquimod cream in the treatment of facial basal cell carcinoma: a 3-year retrospective follow-up study. Australas J Dermatol. 2006; 47(3):169-171.
21. Bianchi L, Costanzo A, Campione E, Nisticó S, Chimenti S. Superficial and nodular basal cell carcinomas treated with an immune response modifier: a report of seven patients. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2003;28(suppl 1):24-26.
22. Cowen E, Mercurio MG, Gaspari AA. An open case series of patients with basal cell carcinoma treated with topical 5% imiquimod cream. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2002;47(4)(suppl):S240-S248.
23. Shumack S, Robinson J, Kossard S, et al. Efficacy of topical 5% imiquimod cream for the treatment of nodular basal cell carcinoma: comparison of dosing regimens. Arch Dermatol. 2002;138(9):1165-1171.
24. Eigentler TK, Kamin A, Weide BM, et al. A phase III, randomized, open label study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of imiquimod 5% cream applied thrice weekly for 8 and 12 weeks in the treatment of low-risk nodular basal cell carcinoma. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007;57(4):616-621.
25. Leppälä J, Kaarniranta K, Uusitalo H, Kontkanen M. Imiquimod in the treatment of eyelid basal cell carcinoma. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 2007;85(5):566-568.
26. Huber A, Huber JD, Skinner RB Jr, Kuwahara RT, Haque R, Amonette RA. Topical imiquimod treatment for nodular basal cell carcinomas: an open-label series. Dermatol Surg. 2004;30(3):429-430.
27. Patel GK, Goodwin R, Chawla M, et al. Imiquimod 5% cream monotherapy for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in situ (Bowen's disease): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(6):1025-1032.
28. Mackenzie-Wood A, Kossard S, de Launey J, Wilkinson B, Owens ML. Imiquimod 5% cream in the treatment of Bowen's disease. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2001;44(3):462-470.
29. Peris K, Micantonio T, Fargnoli MC, Lozzi GP, Chimenti S. Imiquimod 5% cream in the treatment of Bowen's disease and invasive squamous cell carcinoma. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;55(2):324-327.
30. Mandekou-Lefaki I, Delli F, Koussidou-Eremondi T, Mourellou-Tsatsou O, Dionyssopoulos A. Imiquimod 5% cream: a new treatment for Bowen's disease. Int J Tissue React. 2005;27(1):31-38.
31. Rosen T, Harting M, Gibson M. Treatment of Bowen's disease with topical 5% imiquimod cream: retrospective study. Dermatol Surg. 2007;33(4):427-432.
32. Gross K, Kircik L, Kricorian G. 5% 5-Fluorouracil cream for the treatment of small superficial basal cell carcinoma: efficacy, tolerability, cosmetic outcome, and patient satisfaction. Dermatol Surg. 2007;33(4):433-440.
33. Bargman H, Hochman JJ. Topical treatment of Bowen's disease with 5-fluorouracil. J Cutan Med Surg. 2003;7(2):101-105.
34. Anderson FE, Johnson AM, Havyatt MT. Preliminary studies in the use of 5-fluorouracil cream in the treatment of malignant and premalignant skin tumours. Med J Aust. 1969;2(8):385-388.
35. Salim A, Leman JA, McColl JH, Chapman R, Morton CA. Randomized comparison of photodynamic therapy with topical 5-fluorouracil in Bowen's disease. Br J Dermatol. 2003;148(3):539-543.
36. Morton C, Horn M, Leman J, et al. Comparison of topical methyl aminolevulinate photodynamic therapy with cryotherapy or fluorouracil for treatment of squamous cell carcinoma in situ: results of a multicenter randomized trial. Arch Dermatol. 2006;142(6):729-735.
37. Stone N, Burge S. Bowen's disease of the leg treated with weekly pulses of 5% fluorouracil cream. Br J Dermatol. 1999;140(5):987-988.
38. Silverman MK, Kopf AW, Grin CM, Bart RS, Levenstein MJ. Recurrence rates of treated basal cell carcinomas, II: curettage-electrodesiccation. J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1991;17(9):720-726.
39. Neville JA, Welch E, Leffell DJ. Management of nonmelanoma skin cancer in 2007. Nat Clin Pract Oncol. 2007;4(8):462-469.
40. Sturm HM. Bowen's disease and 5-fluorouracil. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1979;1(6): 513-522.
41. Dubin N, Kopf AW. Multivariate risk score for recurrence of cutaneous basal cell carcinomas. Arch Dermatol. 1983;119(5):373-377.
42. Rowe DE, Carroll RJ, Day CL Jr. Long-term recurrence rates in previously untreated (primary) basal cell carcinoma: implications for patient follow-up. J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1989;15(3):315-328.
43. Robinson JK, Dellavalle RP, Bigby M, Callen JP. Systematic reviews: grading recommendations and evidence quality. Arch Dermatol. 2008;144(1):97-99.
44. Guyatt G, Gutterman D, Baumann MH, et al. Grading strength of recommendations and quality of evidence in clinical guidelines: report from an American College of Chest Physicians task force. Chest. 2006;129(1):174-181.
45. Robinson JK. Segmental reconstruction of the face. Dermatol Surg. 2004;30(1): 67-74.
46. Murphy ME, Brodland DG, Zitelli JA. Definitive surgical treatment of 24 skin cancers not cured by prior imiquimod therapy: a case series. Dermatol Surg. 2008; 34(9):1258-1263.
47. Drugstore.com: the uncommon drugstore. http:\\www.drugstore.com. Accessed May 20, 2009.