Salicylates and pandemic influenza mortality, 1918-1919 pharmacology, pathology, and historic evidence

Clinical Infectious Diseases

Volumn 49, Issue 9, 2009, Pages 1405-1410

  Starko, Karen M ^a  

^a NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; PHENACETIN;

BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; DISTRIBUTION VOLUME; DRUG DOSE INCREASE; DRUG ELIMINATION; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG INTOXICATION; DRUG MEGADOSE; FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION; HUMAN; HYPERVENTILATION; INFLUENZA; LUNG EDEMA; LUNG FLUID; LUNG HEMORRHAGE; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; MUCOCILIARY CLEARANCE; NONHUMAN; PANDEMIC; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; URINARY EXCRETION;

ASPIRIN; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HUMANS; INFLUENZA, HUMAN; UNITED STATES;

EID: 72849143898     PISSN: 10584838     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/606060     Document Type: Review

References (70)

1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Pandemic influenza storybook: personal recollections from survivors, families, and friends. Available at http://www.pandemicflu.gov/storybook/stories/courage/gregory/index.html.
2. Frost WH. The epidemiology of influenza. Public Health Rep 1919; 34:1823-1836
3. Morens DM, Fauci AS. The 1918 influenza pandemic: insights for the 21st century. J Infect Dis 2007; 195:1018-1028
4. Brundage JF, Shanks GD. Deaths from bacterial pneumonia during 1918-1919 influenza pandemic. Emerg Infect Dis 2008; 14:1193-1199
5. Morens DM, Taubenberger JK, Fauci AS. Predominant role of bacterial pneumonia as a cause of death in pandemic influenza: implications for pandemic influenza preparedness. J Infect Dis 2008; 198:1-9.
6. Kobasa D, Jones SM, Shinya K, et al. Aberrant innate immune response in lethal infection of macaques with the 1918 influenza virus. Nature 2007; 445:319-323
7. Wanatabe T, Wanatabe S, Shinya K, Kim JH, Hatta M, Kawaoka Y. Viral RNA polymerase complex promotes optimal growth of 1918 virus in the lower respiratory tract of ferrets. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2009; 106: 588-592
8. Guan Y, Poon LLM, Cheung CY, et al. H5N1 influenza: a protean pandemic threat. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2004; 101:8156-8161 (Pubitemid 38698070) (Pubitemid 38698070)
9. Ireland M, ed. The Medical Department of the United States Army in the world war, volume 9: communicable and other diseases. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1923.
10. Ireland M, ed. The Medical Department of the United States Army in the world war, volume 12: pathology of acute respiratory diseases and gas gangrene following war wounds. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1929.
11. Dewey WA. Homeopathy in influenza-a chorus of 50 in harmony. J Am Inst Homeop 1921:1038-1043
12. Shimazu T. Letters: A/H1N1 flu. Aspirin in the 1918 pandemic. BMJ 2009; 338:b2398.
13. Deshmukh DR, Maassab HF, Mason M. Interactions of aspirin and other potential etiologic factors in an animal model of Reyes syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1982; 79:7557-7560 (Pubitemid 13179146) (Pubitemid 13179146)
14. Starko KM, Ray GC, Dominguez LB, Stromberg WL, Woodall DF. Reyes syndrome and salicylate use. Pediatrics 1980; 66:859-864
15. Waldman RJ, Hall WN, McGee H, Van Amburg G. Aspirin as a risk factor in Reyes syndrome. JAMA 1982; 247:3089-3094
16. Halpin TJ, Holtzhauer FJ, Campbell RJ, et al. Reyes syndrome and medication use. JAMA 1982; 248:687-691
17. Belay ED, Bresee JS, Holman RC, Khan AS, Shahriari A, Schonberger LB. Reyes syndrome in the United States from 1981 through 1997. N Engl J Med 1999; 340:1377-1382
18. Pinsky PF, Hurwitz ES, Schonberger LB, Gunn WJ. Reyes syndrome and aspirin: evidence for dose-response effect. JAMA1988; 260:657-661
19. Thisted B, Krantz T, Strom J, Sorensen MB. Acute salicylate self-poisoning in 177 consecutive patients treated in ICU. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1987; 31:312-316 (Pubitemid 17065179)
20. Yuen KY, Chan PK, Peris M, et al. Clinical features and rapid viral diagnosis of human disease associated with avian influenza A H5N1 virus. Lancet 1998; 351:467-471
21. To K, Chan PKS, Chan K, et al. Pathology of fatal human infection associated with avian influenza A H5N1 virus. J Med Virol 2001; 63: 242-246 (Pubitemid 32116480) (Pubitemid 32116480)
22. US Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Proposed rules. Over-the-counter drugs. Establishment of a monograph for OTC internal analgesic, antipyretic, and antirheumatic products. Federal Register 1977; 42:35345-35621
23. Chyka PA, Erdman AR, Christianson G, et al. Salicylate poisoning: an evidence-based consensus guideline for out-of hospital management. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2007; 45:95-131. (Pubitemid 46298476) (Pubitemid 46298476)
24. Hanzlik PJ. A study of the toxicity of salicylates based on clinical statistics. JAMA 1913; 60:957-962
25. French H. The clinical features of the influenza epidemic of 1918-1919. In: Great Britain Ministry of Health. Reports on public health and medical subjects, no 4: report on the pandemic of influenza, 1918-1919. London: His Majestys Stationery Office, 1920:66-109.
26. Royal Society of Medicine. Resumed discussion of influenza: morbid anatomy. Lancet 1918; 2:742-744
27. Klein HA. Correspondence: treatment of "Spanish influenza." JAMA 1918; 71:1510.
28. "Paris letter" October 3, 1918. JAMA 1918; 71:1595-1596
29. Division of Sanitation, Department of the Navy. Annual report of the Secretary of the Navy, 1919-miscellaneous reports, section 3. 26 September 1918. Available at http://www.history.navy.mil/library/online/influenza-secnavptb. htm.
30. US Navy. Materia medica: the medicinal substances on the supply table of the Medical Department. Available at http://www.vlib.us/medical/pharmacy/matmed. htm. Accessed 16 October 2008.
31. Therapeutics: epidemic influenza. JAMA 1918; 71:1136-1137
32. Langmeade F. Salicylate poisoning in children. Lancet 1906; 1:1822-1825
33. Coburn AF. Salicylate therapy in rheumatic fever. Bull J Hopkins Hosp 1943; 73:435-464
34. Graham JDP, Parker WA. The toxic manifestations of sodium salicylate therapy. Q J Med 1948; 17:153-163
35. Walters JS, Woodring JH, Stelling CB, Rosenbaum HD. Salicylate-induced pulmonary edema. Radiology 1983; 146:289-293
36. Levy G. Pharmacokinetics of salicylate elimination in man. J Pharm Sci 1965; 54:959-967
37. Bardare M, Cislaghi GU, Mandelli M, Sereni F. Value of monitoring plasma salicylate levels in treating juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Arch Dis Child 1978; 53:381-385
38. Levy G, Hollister LE. Variation in rate of salicylate elimination in humans. Br Med J 1964; 2:286-288
39. Levy G, Tsuchiya T, Amsel LP. Limited capacity for salicyl phenolic glucuronide formation and its effect on the kinetics of salicylate elimination in man. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1972; 13:258-268
40. Wallace WM. The use of salicylates in pediatrics. Q Rev Pediatr 1954: 135-141
41. Smith PK, Gleason HL, Stoll CG, Ogorzalek S. Studies on the pharmacology of salicylates. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1946; 87:237-355.
42. Levy G, Yaffe SJ. The study of salicylate pharmacokinetics in intoxicated infants and children. Clin Toxicol 1968; 1:409-424
43. Levy G, Yaffe SJ. Relationship between dose and apparent volume of distribution of salicylate in children. Pediatrics 1974; 54:713-717
44. Hill JB. Experimental salicylate poisoning: observations on the effects of altering blood pH on tissue and plasma salicylate concentrations. Pediatrics 1971; 47:658-665
45. Yacobi A, Levy G. Intraindividual relationships between serum protein binding of drugs in normal human subjects, patients with impaired renal function, and rats. J Pharm Sci 1977; 66:1285-1288 (Pubitemid 8163980) (Pubitemid 8163980)
46. Bowers RE, Brigham HL, Owen PJ. Salicylate pulmonary edema: the mechanism in sheep and review of the clinical literature. AmRev Respir Dis 1977; 115:261-268
47. Gerrity TR, Cotromanes E, Garrard CS, Yeates DB, Lourenco RV. The effect of aspirin on lung mucociliary clearance. N Engl J Med 1983; 308:139-141 (Pubitemid 13224120)
48. Barry JM. The great influenza. London: Penguin Books, 1999. 49.
49. Le Count ER. The pathologic anatomy of influenza pneumonia. JAMA 1919; 72:650-652
50. Wolbach SB. Comments on pathology and bacteriology of fatal influenza. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 1919; 30:104-109
51. Krasnoff SO, Bernstein M. Acetylsalicylic acid poisoning. JAMA 1947; 135:712-714
52. Lipman BL, Krasnoff SO, Schless RA. Acute acetylsalicylic acid intoxication. Am J Dis Child 1949; 78:477-483
53. Leatherman JW, Schmitz PG. Fever, hyperdynamic shock, and multiple- system organ failure: a pseudo-sepsis syndrome associate with chronic salicylate intoxication. Chest 1991; 100:1391-1396
54. Troll MM, Menten ML. Salicylate poisoning: report of four cases Am J Dis Child 1945; 69:37-43.
55. Reye RDK, Morgan G, Baral J. Encephalopathy and fatty degeneration of the viscera: a disease entity in childhood. Lancet 1963; 2:749-752
56. Snodgrass W, Rumack BH, Peterson RG, Holbrook ML. Salicylate toxicity following therapeutic doses in young children. Clin Toxicol 1981; 18:247-259 (Pubitemid 12200564)
57. Stevens DL, Kaplan DB. Salicylate intoxication in children. Report of four cases Am J Dis Child 1945; 68:331-335
58. Synnott MJ, Clark E. The influenza epidemic at Camp Dix, N.J. JAMA 1918; 71:1816-1821
59. Crichton JU, Elliot GB. Salicylate-a dangerous drug in infancy and childhood: a survey of 58 cases of salicylate poisoning. CMAJ 1960; 83:1144-1147
60. Soltau AB. Discussion on influenza. Proc R Soc Med 1919; 12:27-28
61. Stevenson THC. Discussion on influenza. Proc R Soc Med 1919; 12: 19-20.
62. Baptista RJ. Spies and dyes. 13 July 2008. Available at http://www.colorantshistory.org/SpiesDyes2.html. Accessed 16 October 2008.
63. Keegan JJ. The prevailing pandemic of influenza. JAMA1918; 71:1051-1055
64. Takes steps to stop influenza spread. New York Times. 14 September 1918:13.
65. Collier R. The plague of the Spanish lady. London: Macmillan, 1974.
66. Jeffries D. The remarkable story of a wonder drug: aspirin. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2005.
67. Crosby AW. Americas forgotten epidemic: the influenza of 1918. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
68. Horder T. General principles in the treatment of influenza. Lancet 1918; 2:694-695
69. Koplik H, ed. The diseases of infancy and childhood. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger, 1918.
70. Holt LE, Howland J, eds. The diseases of infancy and childhood. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1920.