메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 436-442

The current state of RAAS blockade in the treatment of hypertension and proteinuria

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMLODIPINE; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; BENAZEPRIL; CAPTOPRIL; CHLORTALIDONE; CREATININE; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; ENALAPRIL; EPLERENONE; IRBESARTAN; LISINOPRIL; LOSARTAN; METOPROLOL SUCCINATE; PLACEBO; RAMIPRIL; RENIN INHIBITOR; TELMISARTAN;

EID: 72849121689     PISSN: 15233782     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11886-009-0063-3     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (15)

References (47)
  • 1
    • 4644221457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization
    • DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa041031
    • A.S. Go G.M. Chertow D. Fan, et al. 2004 Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization N Engl J Med 351 1296 1305 10.1056/NEJMoa041031 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXnvFSgtr8%3D 15385656 (Pubitemid 39268908)
    • (2004) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.351 , Issue.13
    • Go, A.S.1    Chertow, G.M.2    Fan, D.3    McCulloch, C.E.4    Hsu, C.-Y.5
  • 3
    • 72849148074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ADR/Reference Tables
    • United States Renal Data System: 2008 ADR/Reference Tables. Available at http://www.usrds.org/reference.htm. Accessed August 2009.
    • (2008) United States Renal Data System
  • 4
    • 0027517659 scopus 로고
    • The effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition on diabetic nephropathy
    • DOI 10.1056/NEJM199311113292004
    • E.J. Lewis L.G. Hunsicker R.P. Bain R.D. Rohde 1993 The effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition on diabetic nephropathy. The Collaborative Study Group N Engl J Med 329 1456 1462 10.1056/NEJM199311113292004 1:STN:280:DyaK2c%2FhvFKitQ%3D%3D 8413456 (Pubitemid 23335891)
    • (1993) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.329 , Issue.20 , pp. 1456-1462
    • Lewis, E.J.1    Hunsicker, L.G.2    Bain, R.P.3    Rohde, R.D.4
  • 5
    • 3042819708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines on hypertension and antihypertensive agents in chronic kidney disease [no authors listed]
    • Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative
    • Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative 2004 K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines on hypertension and antihypertensive agents in chronic kidney disease [no authors listed] Am J Kidney Dis 43 S1 S290
    • (2004) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.43
  • 6
    • 33845501641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antihypertensive Therapy in the Presence of Proteinuria
    • DOI 10.1053/j.ajkd.2006.10.014, PII S027263860601612X
    • P.A. Sarafidis N. Khosla G.L. Bakris 2007 Antihypertensive therapy in the presence of proteinuria Am J Kidney Dis 49 12 26 10.1053/j.ajkd.2006.10.014 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhsFSjsLo%3D 17185142 (Pubitemid 44918179)
    • (2007) American Journal of Kidney Diseases , vol.49 , Issue.1 , pp. 12-26
    • Sarafidis, P.A.1    Khosla, N.2    Bakris, G.L.3
  • 8
    • 42149140586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypertensive nephrosclerosis
    • 10.1097/MNH.0b013e3282f88a1f 18408477
    • G.S. Hill 2008 Hypertensive nephrosclerosis Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 17 266 270 10.1097/MNH.0b013e3282f88a1f 18408477
    • (2008) Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens , vol.17 , pp. 266-270
    • Hill, G.S.1
  • 9
    • 0141789624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progression of chronic kidney disease: The role of blood pressure control, proteinuria, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition: A patient-level meta-analysis
    • 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXnt12kurs%3D 12965979
    • T.H. Jafar P.C. Stark C.H. Schmid, et al. 2003 Progression of chronic kidney disease: the role of blood pressure control, proteinuria, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition: a patient-level meta-analysis Ann Intern Med 139 244 252 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXnt12kurs%3D 12965979
    • (2003) Ann Intern Med , vol.139 , pp. 244-252
    • Jafar, T.H.1    Stark, P.C.2    Schmid, C.H.3
  • 10
    • 0028838569 scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure control, proteinuria, and the progression of renal disease. the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study
    • 1:STN:280:DyaK28%2FjtVOntw%3D%3D 7574193
    • J.C. Peterson S. Adler J.M. Burkart, et al. 1995 Blood pressure control, proteinuria, and the progression of renal disease. The Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Ann Intern Med 123 754 762 1:STN:280:DyaK28%2FjtVOntw%3D%3D 7574193
    • (1995) Ann Intern Med , vol.123 , pp. 754-762
    • Peterson, J.C.1    Adler, S.2    Burkart, J.M.3
  • 11
    • 33750131779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microalbuminuria and chronic kidney disease as risk factors for cardiovascular disease
    • DOI 10.1093/ndt/gfl309
    • P.A. Sarafidis G.L. Bakris 2006 Microalbuminuria and chronic kidney disease as risk factors for cardiovascular disease Nephrol Dial Transplant 21 2366 2374 10.1093/ndt/gfl309 16782993 (Pubitemid 44644505)
    • (2006) Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation , vol.21 , Issue.9 , pp. 2366-2374
    • Sarafidis, P.A.1    Bakris, G.L.2
  • 13
    • 38149120672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of albuminuria and glomerular filtration rate on blood pressure response to antihypertensive drug therapy
    • 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtFKqsbw%3D 18200821
    • J.M. Flack K. Duncan S.E. Ohmit, et al. 2007 Influence of albuminuria and glomerular filtration rate on blood pressure response to antihypertensive drug therapy Vasc Health Risk Manag 3 1029 1037 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtFKqsbw%3D 18200821
    • (2007) Vasc Health Risk Manag , vol.3 , pp. 1029-1037
    • Flack, J.M.1    Duncan, K.2    Ohmit, S.E.3
  • 14
    • 33845760213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines and Clinical Practice Recommendations for Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease
    • DOI 10.1053/j.ajkd.2006.12.005, PII S0272638606018439
    • KDOQI 2007 KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines and Clinical Practice Recommendations for Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease Am J Kidney Dis 49 S12 S154 10.1053/j.ajkd.2006.12.005 (Pubitemid 46185743)
    • (2007) American Journal of Kidney Diseases , vol.49 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
  • 15
    • 58149335374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of microalbuminuria in achieving blood pressure goals
    • 10.1097/MNH.0b013e328309a497 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtVejtbnI 18695385
    • I. Duka G. Bakris 2008 Influence of microalbuminuria in achieving blood pressure goals Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 17 457 463 10.1097/MNH. 0b013e328309a497 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtVejtbnI 18695385
    • (2008) Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens , vol.17 , pp. 457-463
    • Duka, I.1    Bakris, G.2
  • 16
    • 59649107970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in insulin sensitivity, renal function, and markers of endothelial dysfunction in hypertension-the impact of microalbuminuria: A 13-year follow-up study
    • 10.1016/j.metabol.2008.10.016 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXitVClsbw%3D 19217459
    • M.D. Solbu T.G. Jenssen B.O. Eriksen I. Toft 2009 Changes in insulin sensitivity, renal function, and markers of endothelial dysfunction in hypertension-the impact of microalbuminuria: a 13-year follow-up study Metabolism 58 408 415 10.1016/j.metabol.2008.10.016 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD1MXitVClsbw%3D 19217459
    • (2009) Metabolism , vol.58 , pp. 408-415
    • Solbu, M.D.1    Jenssen, T.G.2    Eriksen, B.O.3    Toft, I.4
  • 17
    • 34250334178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of association between endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms, microalbuminuria and endothelial dysfunction in hypertensive men
    • DOI 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3281268548, PII 0000487220070700000014
    • G. Dell'Omo G. Penno L. Pucci, et al. 2007 Lack of association between endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms, microalbuminuria and endothelial dysfunction in hypertensive men J Hypertens 25 389 1395 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3281268548 (Pubitemid 46918825)
    • (2007) Journal of Hypertension , vol.25 , Issue.7 , pp. 1389-1395
    • Dell'Omo, G.1    Penno, G.2    Pucci, L.3    Fotino, C.4    Lucchesi, D.5    Del Prato, S.6    Pedrinelli, R.7
  • 18
    • 20244382844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between magnitude of proteinuria reduction and risk of end-stage renal disease: Results of the African American study of kidney disease and hypertension
    • DOI 10.1001/archinte.165.8.947
    • J. Lea T. Greene L. Hebert, et al. 2005 The relationship between magnitude of proteinuria reduction and risk of end-stage renal disease: results of the African American study of kidney disease and hypertension Arch Intern Med 165 947 953 10.1001/archinte.165.8.947 15851648 (Pubitemid 40563243)
    • (2005) Archives of Internal Medicine , vol.165 , Issue.8 , pp. 947-953
    • Lea, J.1    Greene, T.2    Hebert, L.3    Lipkowitz, M.4    Massry, S.5    Middleton, J.6    Rostand, S.G.7    Miller, E.8    Smith, W.9    Bakris, G.L.10
  • 19
    • 34248178511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Albuminuria is a target for renoprotective therapy independent from blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy: Post hoc analysis from the reduction of endpoints in NIDDM with the angiotensin II antagonist losartan (RENAAL) trial
    • DOI 10.1681/ASN.2006050445
    • W.B. Eijkelkamp Z. Zhang G. Remuzzi, et al. 2007 Albuminuria is a target for renoprotective therapy independent from blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy: post hoc analysis from the Reduction of Endpoints in NIDDM with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan (RENAAL) trial J Am Soc Nephrol 18 1540 1546 10.1681/ASN.2006050445 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXls1Glu7Y%3D 17409317 (Pubitemid 46717521)
    • (2007) Journal of the American Society of Nephrology , vol.18 , Issue.5 , pp. 1540-1546
    • Eijkelkamp, W.B.A.1    Zhang, Z.2    Remuzzi, G.3    Parving, H.-H.4    Cooper, M.E.5    Keane, W.F.6    Shahinfar, S.7    Gleim, G.W.8    Weir, M.R.9    Brenner, B.M.10    De Zeeuw, D.11
  • 22
    • 14344255910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of a lower target blood pressure on the progression of kidney disease: Long-term follow-up of the modification of diet in renal disease study
    • 15738453
    • M.J. Sarnak T. Greene X. Wang, et al. 2005 The effect of a lower target blood pressure on the progression of kidney disease: long-term follow-up of the modification of diet in renal disease study Ann Intern Med 142 342 351 15738453
    • (2005) Ann Intern Med , vol.142 , pp. 342-351
    • Sarnak, M.J.1    Greene, T.2    Wang, X.3
  • 23
    • 34547232484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appropriate blood pressure control in hypertensive and normotensive type 2 diabetes mellitus: A summary of the ABCD trial
    • DOI 10.1038/ncpneph0559, PII NCPNEPH0559
    • R.W. Schrier R.O. Estacio P.S. Mehler W.R. Hiatt 2007 Appropriate blood pressure control in hypertensive and normotensive type 2 diabetes mellitus: a summary of the ABCD trial Nat Clin Pract Nephrol 3 428 438 10.1038/ncpneph0559 17653121 (Pubitemid 47123588)
    • (2007) Nature Clinical Practice Nephrology , vol.3 , Issue.8 , pp. 428-438
    • Schrier, R.W.1    Estacio, R.O.2    Mehler, P.S.3    Hiatt, W.R.4
  • 25
    • 34249897487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renoprotection of Optimal Antiproteinuric Doses (ROAD) study: A randomized controlled study of benazepril and losartan in chronic renal insufficiency
    • DOI 10.1681/ASN.2006121372
    • F.F. Hou D. Xie X. Zhang, et al. 2007 Renoprotection of Optimal Antiproteinuric Doses (ROAD) Study: a randomized controlled study of benazepril and losartan in chronic renal insufficiency J Am Soc Nephrol 18 1889 1898 10.1681/ASN.2006121372 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXnt1WjsL0%3D 17494885 (Pubitemid 46870325)
    • (2007) Journal of the American Society of Nephrology , vol.18 , Issue.6 , pp. 1889-1898
    • Fan, F.H.1    Xie, D.2    Zhang, X.3    Ping, Y.C.4    Wei, R.Z.5    Liang, M.6    Zhi, J.G.7    Jian, P.J.8
  • 27
    • 44849114597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aliskiren combined with losartan in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy
    • DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa0708379
    • H.H. Parving F. Persson J.B. Lewis, et al. 2008 Aliskiren combined with losartan in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy N Engl J Med 358 2433 2446 10.1056/NEJMoa0708379 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXmvFKmtLY%3D 18525041 (Pubitemid 351793017)
    • (2008) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.358 , Issue.23 , pp. 2433-2446
    • Parving, H.-H.1    Persson, F.2    Lewis, J.B.3    Lewis, E.J.4    Hollenberg, N.K.5
  • 29
    • 72849110913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summary of revisions for the 2009 clinical practice recommendations [no authors listed]
    • (Suppl 1)
    • Summary of revisions for the 2009 Clinical Practice Recommendations [no authors listed]. Diabetes Care 2009, 32(Suppl 1):S1-S35.
    • Diabetes Care 2009 , vol.3
  • 30
    • 0030604561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised placebo-controlled trial of effect of ramipril on decline in glomerular filtration rate and risk of terminal renal failure in proteinuric, non-diabetic nephropathy
    • The GISEN Group (Gruppo Italiano di Studi Epidemiologici in Nefrologia) [no authors listed]
    • Randomised placebo-controlled trial of effect of ramipril on decline in glomerular filtration rate and risk of terminal renal failure in proteinuric, non-diabetic nephropathy. The GISEN Group (Gruppo Italiano di Studi Epidemiologici in Nefrologia) [no authors listed]. Lancet 1997, 349:1857-1863.
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , pp. 1857-1863
  • 31
    • 33744955658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination therapy with aldosterone blockade and renin-angiotensin inhibitors confers organ protection
    • DOI 10.1291/hypres.29.211
    • A. Sato T. Saruta J.W. Funder 2006 Combination therapy with aldosterone blockade and renin-angiotensin inhibitors confers organ protection Hypertens Res 29 211 216 10.1291/hypres.29.211 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xms1OgtLk%3D 16778327 (Pubitemid 43853266)
    • (2006) Hypertension Research , vol.29 , Issue.4 , pp. 211-216
    • Sato, A.1    Saruta, T.2    Funder, J.W.3
  • 33
    • 28844504752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system and other antihypertensive drugs on renal outcomes: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67814-2, PII S0140673605678142
    • J.P. Casas W. Chua S. Loukogeorgakis, et al. 2005 Effect of inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system and other antihypertensive drugs on renal outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis Lancet 366 2026 2033 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67814-2 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXht12ku7nJ 16338452 (Pubitemid 41773378)
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.366 , Issue.9502 , pp. 2026-2033
    • Casas, J.P.1    Chua, W.2    Loukogeorgakis, S.3    Vallance, P.4    Smeeth, L.5    Hingorani, A.D.6    MacAllister, R.J.7
  • 34
    • 47749118322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of renin-angiotensin system blockers on renal outcomes and all-cause mortality in patients with diabetic nephropathy: An updated meta-analysis
    • 10.1038/ajh.2008.206 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXovVClu70%3D 18535536
    • P.A. Sarafidis P.C. Stafylas A.I. Kanaki A.N. Lasaridis 2008 Effects of renin-angiotensin system blockers on renal outcomes and all-cause mortality in patients with diabetic nephropathy: an updated meta-analysis Am J Hypertens 21 922 929 10.1038/ajh.2008.206 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXovVClu70%3D 18535536
    • (2008) Am J Hypertens , vol.21 , pp. 922-929
    • Sarafidis, P.A.1    Stafylas, P.C.2    Kanaki, A.I.3    Lasaridis, A.N.4
  • 35
    • 38049139424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis: Effect of monotherapy and combination therapy with inhibitors of the renin angiotensin system on proteinuria in renal disease
    • 17984482
    • R. Kunz C. Friedrich M. Wolbers J.F. Mann 2008 Meta-analysis: effect of monotherapy and combination therapy with inhibitors of the renin angiotensin system on proteinuria in renal disease Ann Intern Med 148 30 48 17984482
    • (2008) Ann Intern Med , vol.148 , pp. 30-48
    • Kunz, R.1    Friedrich, C.2    Wolbers, M.3    Mann, J.F.4
  • 36
    • 42049107348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk for vascular events
    • 10.1056/NEJMoa0801317 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXksF2isLs%3D 18378520
    • S. Yusuf K.K. Teo J. Pogue, et al. 2008 Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk for vascular events N Engl J Med 358 1547 1559 10.1056/NEJMoa0801317 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXksF2isLs%3D 18378520
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.358 , pp. 1547-1559
    • Yusuf, S.1    Teo, K.K.2    Pogue, J.3
  • 37
    • 49149087718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal outcomes with telmisartan, ramipril, or both, in people at high vascular risk (the ONTARGET study): A multicentre, randomised, double-blind, controlled trial
    • 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61236-2 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXpvFKgsLs%3D 18707986
    • J.F. Mann R.E. Schmieder M. McQueen, et al. 2008 Renal outcomes with telmisartan, ramipril, or both, in people at high vascular risk (the ONTARGET study): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, controlled trial Lancet 372 547 553 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61236-2 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXpvFKgsLs%3D 18707986
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.372 , pp. 547-553
    • Mann, J.F.1    Schmieder, R.E.2    McQueen, M.3
  • 38
    • 49149131161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renin-angiotensin blockade and kidney disease
    • 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61212-X 18707969
    • P.A. Sarafidis G.L. Bakris 2008 Renin-angiotensin blockade and kidney disease Lancet 372 511 512 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61212-X 18707969
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.372 , pp. 511-512
    • Sarafidis, P.A.1    Bakris, G.L.2
  • 39
    • 66849128220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design of combination angiotensin receptor blocker and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor for treatment of diabetic nephropathy (VA NEPHRON-D)
    • 10.2215/CJN.03350708 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXjslagur8%3D 19118120
    • L.F. Fried W. Duckworth J.H. Zhang, et al. 2009 Design of combination angiotensin receptor blocker and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor for treatment of diabetic nephropathy (VA NEPHRON-D) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 4 361 368 10.2215/CJN.03350708 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXjslagur8%3D 19118120
    • (2009) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.4 , pp. 361-368
    • Fried, L.F.1    Duckworth, W.2    Zhang, J.H.3
  • 40
    • 33846426815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controversy about COOPERATE ABPM trial data
    • 10.1159/000098196 17236263
    • A. Bidani 2006 Controversy about COOPERATE ABPM trial data Am J Nephrol 26 629 632 10.1159/000098196 17236263
    • (2006) Am J Nephrol , vol.26 , pp. 629-632
    • Bidani, A.1
  • 41
    • 38149030811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Change in proteinuria after adding aldosterone blockers to ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers in CKD: A systematic review
    • 10.1053/j.ajkd.2007.10.040 18215698
    • A.S. Bomback A.V. Kshirsagar M.A. Amamoo P.J. Klemmer 2008 Change in proteinuria after adding aldosterone blockers to ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers in CKD: a systematic review Am J Kidney Dis 51 199 211 10.1053/j.ajkd.2007.10.040 18215698
    • (2008) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.51 , pp. 199-211
    • Bomback, A.S.1    Kshirsagar, A.V.2    Amamoo, M.A.3    Klemmer, P.J.4
  • 42
    • 33750331264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective aldosterone blockade with eplerenone reduces albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes
    • 10.2215/CJN.00240106 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XpvFOqsLk%3D 17699311
    • M. Epstein G.H. Williams M. Weinberger, et al. 2006 Selective aldosterone blockade with eplerenone reduces albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 1 940 951 10.2215/CJN.00240106 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD28XpvFOqsLk%3D 17699311
    • (2006) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.1 , pp. 940-951
    • Epstein, M.1    Williams, G.H.2    Weinberger, M.3
  • 43
    • 69749100645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of hyperkalemia risk following hypertension control with aldosterone blockade
    • 10.1159/000237742 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhsVensLjN 19738369
    • N. Khosla R. Kalaitzidis G.L. Bakris 2009 Predictors of hyperkalemia risk following hypertension control with aldosterone blockade Am J Nephrol 30 418 424 10.1159/000237742 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhsVensLjN 19738369
    • (2009) Am J Nephrol , vol.30 , pp. 418-424
    • Khosla, N.1    Kalaitzidis, R.2    Bakris, G.L.3
  • 44
    • 34249897487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renoprotection of Optimal Antiproteinuric Doses (ROAD) study: A randomized controlled study of benazepril and losartan in chronic renal insufficiency
    • DOI 10.1681/ASN.2006121372
    • F.F. Hou D. Xie X. Zhang, et al. 2007 Renoprotection of Optimal Antiproteinuric Doses (ROAD) study: a randomized controlled study of benazepril and losartan in chronic renal insufficiency J Am Soc Nephrol 18 1889 1898 10.1681/ASN.2006121372 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXnt1WjsL0%3D 17494885 (Pubitemid 46870325)
    • (2007) Journal of the American Society of Nephrology , vol.18 , Issue.6 , pp. 1889-1898
    • Fan, F.H.1    Xie, D.2    Zhang, X.3    Ping, Y.C.4    Wei, R.Z.5    Liang, M.6    Zhi, J.G.7    Jian, P.J.8
  • 45
    • 30944466929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced renoprotective effects of ultrahigh doses of irbesartan in patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00511.x, PII 4494697
    • K. Rossing K.J. Schjoedt B.R. Jensen, et al. 2005 Enhanced renoprotective effects of ultrahigh doses of irbesartan in patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria Kidney Int 68 1190 1198 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00511.x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtVCjt73E 16105050 (Pubitemid 43246436)
    • (2005) Kidney International , vol.68 , Issue.3 , pp. 1190-1198
    • Rossing, K.1    Schjoedt, K.J.2    Jensen, B.R.3    Boomsma, F.4    Parving, H.-H.5
  • 46
    • 33645060064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Additional antiproteinuric effect of ultrahigh dose candesartan: A double-blind, randomized, prospective study
    • DOI 10.1681/ASN.2005020138
    • R.E. Schmieder A.U. Klingbeil E.H. Fleischmann, et al. 2005 Additional antiproteinuric effect of ultrahigh dose candesartan: a double-blind, randomized, prospective study J Am Soc Nephrol 16 3038 3045 10.1681/ASN. 2005020138 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtFegtLnF 16120821 (Pubitemid 44743501)
    • (2005) Journal of the American Society of Nephrology , vol.16 , Issue.10 , pp. 3038-3045
    • Schmieder, R.E.1    Klingbeil, A.U.2    Fleischmann, E.H.3    Veelken, R.4    Delles, C.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.