Simulating restoration strategies for a southern boreal forest landscape with complex land ownership patterns

Forest Ecology and Management

Volumn 259, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 446-458

  Shinneman, Douglas J ^a,b   Cornett, Meredith W ^a   Palik, Brian J ^b  

^a THE NATURE CONSERVANCY   (United States)

^b USDA FOREST SERVICE   (United States)

Author keywords

Disturbance interactions; Fire regime; Forest landscape simulation model; Forest restoration; LANDIS II; Timber harvest

Indexed keywords

BOREAL FORESTS; CLASS DISTRIBUTIONS; ECOSYSTEM SUSTAINABILITY; FIRE REGIMES; FIRE SUPPRESSION; FOREST CONDITIONS; FOREST LANDSCAPE; FOREST RESTORATION; FOREST TYPE; LAND MANAGEMENTS; LAND OWNERSHIP; LANDSCAPE STRUCTURES; MANAGEMENT AREAS; MANAGEMENT PATTERN; MANAGEMENT SCENARIOS; MINNESOTA; NATURAL DISTURBANCE; NATURAL VARIABILITY; ONTARIO; SIMULATED FIRE; TIMBER HARVESTS; WILDLAND FIRE; WINDTHROWS;

BIFURCATION (MATHEMATICS); FIRE HAZARDS; FIRES; FORESTRY; HARVESTING; LAND USE; MANAGEMENT; RESTORATION; RISK PERCEPTION; SIMULATORS; STRUCTURE (COMPOSITION); TIMBER;

CONSERVATION;

BOREAL FOREST; ECOSYSTEM RESILIENCE; ENVIRONMENTAL DISTURBANCE; LANDOWNERSHIP; NUMERICAL MODEL; RESTORATION ECOLOGY; SUSTAINABILITY; TIMBER HARVESTING;

CONSERVATION; FOREST FIRES; FORESTS; HARVESTING; LAND USE; RISK ASSESSMENT;

CANADA; MINNESOTA; ONTARIO [CANADA]; UNITED STATES;

PINUS RESINOSA;

EID: 72649106537     PISSN: 03781127     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.10.042     Document Type: Article

References (86)

1. Anderson, J.L., Grigal, D.F., 1984. Soils and Landscapes of Minnesota. University of Minnesota Extension Service, AG-FO-2331, St. Paul, MN.
2. Aplet G.H., and Keeton W.S. Application of historical range of variability concepts to biodiversity conservation. In: Baydeck R.K., Campa III H., and Haufler J.B. (Eds). Practical Approaches to the Conservation of Biological Diversity (1999), Island Press, Washington, DC 71-86
3. Baker W.L. Landscape ecology and nature reserve design in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area, Minnesota. Ecology 70 (1989) 23-25
4. Baker W.L. Effects of settlement and fire suppression on landscape structure. Ecology 73 (1992) 1879-1887
5. Baker W.L. Restoration of landscape structure altered by fire suppression. Conserv. Biol. 8 (1994) 763-769
6. Bauer, M.E., Loeffelholz, B., Shinneman D.J. Border Lakes Land Cover Classification. Forest Service Research Map Series RMAP-NRS-01. USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station, Newtown Square, PA, in press.
7. Bengtsson J., Angelstam P., Elmqvist T., Emanuelsson U., Folke C., Ihse M., Moberg F., and Nyström M. Reserves, resilience and dynamic landscapes. Ambio 32 (2003) 389-396
8. Benzie, J.W., 1977. Manager's handbook for jack pine in the north central states. General Technical Report NC-32. USDA Forest Service, St. Paul, MN.
9. Bergeron Y., Leduc A., Harvey B.D., and Gauthier S. Natural fire regime: a guide for sustainable management of the Canadian boreal forest. Silva Fenn. 36 (2002) 81-95
10. Beverly J.L., and Martell D.L. Modeling Pinus strobus mortality following prescribed fire in Quetico Provincial Park, northwestern Ontario. Can. J. For. Res. 33 (2003) 740-751
11. Burkett V.R., Wilcox D.A., Stottlemyer R., Barrow W., Fagre D., Baron J., Price J., Nielsen J.L., Allen C.D., Peterson D.L., Ruggerone G., and Doyle T. Nonlinear dynamics in ecosystem response to climatic change: case studies and policy implications. Ecol. Complex. 2 (2005) 357-394
12. Cardille J.A., and Ventura S.J. Occurrence of wildfire in the northern Great Lakes region: effects of land cover and land ownership assessed at multiple scales. Int. J. Wildland Fire 10 (2001) 145-154
13. Christensen N.L., Bartuska A.M., Brown J.H., Carpenter S., D'Antonio C., Francis R., Franklin J.F., MacMahon J.A., Noss R.J., Parsons D.J., Peterson C.H., Turner M.G., and Woodmansee R.G. The report of the Ecological Society of America Committee on the scientific basis for ecosystem management. Ecol. Appl. 6 (1996) 665-691
14. Cissel J.H., Swanson F.J., and Weisberg P.J. Landscape management using historical fire regimes: Blue River, Oregon. Ecol. Appl. 9 (1999) 1217-1231
15. Didion M., Fortin M.J., and Fall A. Forest age structure as indicator of boreal forest sustainability under alternative management and fire regimes: a landscape level sensitivity analysis. Ecol. Modell. 200 (2007) 45-58
16. Drever C.R., Peterson G., Messier C., Bergeron Y., and Flannigan M. Can forest management based on natural disturbances maintain ecological resilience?. Can. J. For. Res. 36 (2006) 2285-2299
17. Ecological Stratification Working Group, 1995. A National Ecological Framework for Canada: Report and National Map at 1:7,500,000 Scale. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Branch, Centre for Land and Biological Resources Research and Environment Canada, State of the Environment Directorate, Ecozone Analysis Branch, Ottawa/Hull.
18. Flannigan M., Stocks B., Turetsky M., and Wotton M. Impacts of climate change on fire activity and fire management in the circumboreal forest. Global Change Biol. 15 (2008) 549-560
19. Franklin J.F., and Forman R.T.T. Creating landscape patterns by forest cutting: ecological consequences and principles. Landscape Ecol. 1 (1987) 5-18
20. Frelich L.E. Forest Dynamics and Disturbance Regimes: Studies from Temperate Evergreen-Deciduous Forests (2002), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
21. Frelich L.E., and Reich P.B. Spatial patterns and succession in a Minnesota southern-boreal forest. Ecol. Monogr. 65 (1995) 325-346
22. Friedman S.K., and Reich P.B. Regional legacies of logging: departure from pre-settlement forest conditions in northern Minnesota. Ecol. Appl. 2 (2005) 726-744
23. Fulé P.Z. Does it make sense to restore wildland fire in changing climate?. Restor. Ecol. 16 (2008) 526-531
24. Gustafson E.J., Lytle D.E., Swaty R., and Loehle C. Simulating the cumulative effects of multiple forest management strategies on landscape measures of forest sustainability. Landscape Ecol. 22 (2007) 141-156
25. Gustafson E.J., Shifley S.R., Mladenoff D.J., Nimerfro K.K., and He H.S. Spatial simulation of forest succession and timber harvesting using LANDIS. Can. J. For. Res. 30 (2000) 32-43
26. Gustafson E.J., Zollner P.A., Sturtevant B.R., He H.S., and Mladenoff D.J. Influence of forest management alternatives and land type on susceptibility to fire in northern Wisconsin, USA. Landscape Ecol. 19 (2004) 327-341
27. Hansen A.J., and DeFries R. Ecological mechanisms linking protected areas to surrounding lands. Ecol. Appl. 17 (2007) 974-988
28. Hanson, D.S., 2002. Development of landtype associations in Minnesota. In: Smith, M. (Ed.), Land Type Associations Conference: Development and Use in Natural Resources Management, Planning and Research. USDA Forest Service, Newtown Square, PA, p. 98.
29. He H.S., and Mladenoff D.J. Spatially explicit and stochastic simulation of forest landscape fire disturbance and succession. Ecology 80 (1999) 81-99
30. He H.S., Mladenoff D.J., and Boeder J. An object-oriented forest landscape model and its representation of tree species. Ecol. Modell. 119 (1999) 1-9
31. He H.S., Mladenoff D.J., and Crow T.R. Linking an ecosystem model and a landscape model to study forest species response to climate warming. Ecol. Modell. 114 (1999) 213-233
32. Heinselman M.L. Fire in the virgin forests of the Boundary Waters Canoe Area, Minnesota. Quaternary Res. 3 (1973) 329-382
33. Heinselman, M.L., 1981. Fire intensity and frequency as factors in the distribution and structure of northern ecosystems. In: Mooney, H.A., Bonnicksen, T.M., Christensen, N.L., Lotan, J.E., Reiners, W.A. (Eds.), Fire Regimes and Ecosystem Properties. Forest Service, General Technical Report WO-26. USDA Forest Service, Washington, DC, pp. 7-57.
34. Heinselman M.L. The Boundary Waters Wilderness Ecosystem (1996), University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN
35. Hobbs R.J., and Norton D.A. Toward a conceptual framework for restoration ecology. Restor. Ecol. 4 (1996) 93-110
36. Johnson E.A., Miyanishi K., and Weir J.M.H. Wildfires in the western Canadian boreal forest: landscape patterns and ecosystem management. J. Veg. Sci. 9 (1998) 603-610
37. Kneeshaw D., and Gauthier S. Old growth in the boreal forest: a dynamic perspective at the stand and landscape level. Environ. Rev. 11 Suppl. 1 (2003) S99-S114
38. Landres P.B., Morgan P., and Swanson F.J. Overview of the use of natural variability concepts in managing ecological systems. Ecol. Appl. 9 (1999) 1179-1188
39. Lindenmayer D.B., and Franklin J.F. Conserving forest biodiversity: a comprehensive multiscaled approach (2002), Island Press, Washington, DC
40. Lindenmayer D.B., Franklin J.F., and Fischer J. General management principles and a checklist of strategies to guide forest biodiversity conservation. Biol. Conserv. 131 (2006) 433-445
41. Lytle D.E., Cornett M.W., and Harkness M.S. Transferring landscape ecological knowledge in a multipartner landscape: the Border Lakes region of Minnesota and Ontario. In: Perera A.H., Buse L.J., and Crow T.R. (Eds). Forest Landscape Ecology: Transferring Knowledge to Practice (2006), Springer, New York 97-128
42. Maclean D.A., and Ostaff D.P. Patterns of balsam fir mortality caused by an uncontrolled spruce budworm outbreak. Can. J. For. Res. 19 (1989) 1087-1095
43. McRae D.J., Duchesne L.C., Freedman B., Lynham T.J., and Woodley S. Comparisons between wildfire and forest harvesting and their implications in forest management. Environ. Rev. 9 (2001) 223-260
44. Mehta S., Frelich L.E., Jones M.T., and Manolis J. Examining the effects of alternative management strategies on landscape-scale forest patterns in northeastern Minnesota using LANDIS. Ecol. Modell. 180 (2004) 73-87
45. Millar C.I., Stephenson N.L., and Stephens S.L. Climate change and forests of the future: managing in the face of uncertainty. Ecol. Appl. 17 (2007) 2145-2151
46. Minnesota Forest Resources Council, 2003. Recommended desired outcomes, goals and strategies: northeast landscape region. Minnesota Forest Resources Council Landscape Program. http://www.frc.state.mn.us/Info/MFRCdocs.html (last accessed 29 May 2009).
47. Mitchell R.J., Palik B.J., and Hunter M.L. Natural disturbance as a guide to silviculture. Forest Ecol. Manage. 155 (2002) 315-317
48. Mladenoff D.J. The promises of landscape modeling: successes, failures, and evolution. In: Wiens J.A., and Moss M.R. (Eds). Issues and Perspectives in Landscape Ecology (2005), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK 90-100
49. Mladenoff, D.J., DeZonia, B., 2004. APACK 2.23 Analysis Software: User's Guide. http://landscape.forest.wisc.edu/projects/apack/ (last accessed 29 May 2009).
50. Mladenoff D.J., and He H.S. Design, behavior and applications of LANDIS, an object-oriented model of forest landscape disturbance and succession. In: Mladenoff D.J., and Baker W.L. (Eds). Spatial Modeling of Forest Landscape Change (1999), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 125-162
51. Mladenoff D.J., Host G.E., Boeder J., and Crow T.R. LANDIS: a spatial model of forest landscape disturbance, succession, and management. In: Goodchild M.R., Steyaert L.T., and Parks B.O. (Eds). GIS and Environmental Modeling: Progress and Research Issues (1996), GIS World Books, Fort Collins, CO 175-180
52. Mladenoff D.J., White M.A., Pastor J., and Crow T.R. Comparing spatial pattern in unaltered old-growth and disturbed forest landscapes. Ecol. Appl. 3 (1993) 293-305
53. Nonaka E., and Spies T.A. Historical range of variability in landscape structure: a simulation study in Oregon, USA. Ecol. Appl. 15 (2005) 1727-1746
54. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, 2001. Forest management guide for natural disturbance pattern emulation, Version 3.1. Queen's Printer for Ontario, Toronto.
55. Pastor J., and Post W.M. Influence of climate, soil moisture, and succession on forest carbon and nitrogen cycles. Biogeochemistry 2 (1986) 3-27
56. Poiani K.A., Richter B.D., Anderson M.G., and Richter H.E. Biodiversity conservation at multiple scales: functional sites, landscapes, and networks. BioScience 50 (2000) 133-146
57. Ravenscroft, C., Scheller, R.M., Mladenoff, D.J., White, M.A. Simulating forest restoration in a mixed ownership landscape under climate change. Ecol. Appl., in press.
58. Reed R.A., Johnson-Barnard J., and Baker W.L. Contribution of roads to forest fragmentation in the Rocky Mountains. Conserv. Biol. 10 (1996) 1098-1106
59. Sample V.A. Building partnerships for ecosystem management on mixed ownership landscapes. J. Forest. 92 (1994) 41-44
60. Scheller R.M., and Mladenoff D.J. A forest growth and biomass module for a landscape simulation model, LANDIS: design, validation, and application. Ecol. Modell. 180 (2004) 211-229
61. Scheller R.M., Domingo J.B., Sturtevant B.R., Williams J.S., Rudy A., Gustafson E.J., and Mladenoff D.J. Design, development, and application of LANDIS-II, a spatial landscape simulation model with flexible temporal and spatial resolution. Ecol. Modell. 201 (2007) 409-419
62. Scheller R.M., Mladenoff D.J., Crow T.R., and Sickley T.A. Simulating the effects of fire reintroduction versus continued fire absence on forest composition and landscape structure in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area, northern Minnesota, USA. Ecosystems 8 (2005) 396-411
63. Schulte L.A., Mladenoff D.M., Crow T.R., Merrick L.C., and Cleland D.T. Homogenization of northern U.S. Great Lakes forests due to land use. Landscape Ecol. 22 (2007) 1089-1103
64. Shifley S.R., Thompson III F.R., Dijak W.D., Larson M.A., and Millspaugh J.J. Simulated effects of forest management alternatives on landscape structure and habitat suitability in the Midwestern United States. Forest Ecol. Manage. 229 (2006) 361-377
65. Shinneman D.J., and Baker W.L. Nonequilibrium dynamics between catastrophic disturbances and old-growth forests in ponderosa pine landscapes of the Black Hills. Conserv. Biol. 11 (1997) 1276-1288
66. Superior Mixed Forest Ecoregional Planning Team. The Superior Mixed Forest Ecoregion: A Conservation Plan (2002), The Nature Conservancy, Madison, WI.
67. Swain A.M. Landscape patterns and forest history in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area, Minnesota: a pollen study from Hug Lake. Ecology 61 (1980) 747-754
68. Swetnam T.W., Allen C.D., and Betancourt J.L. Applied historical ecology: using the past to manage for the future. Ecol. Appl. 9 (1999) 1189-1206
69. Syphard A.D., Clarke K.C., and Franklin J. Simulating fire frequency and urban growth in southern California coastal shrublands, USA. Landscape Ecol. 22 (2007) 431-445
70. Thompson J.R., Johnson K.N., Lennette M., Spies T.A., and Bettinger P. Historical disturbance regimes as a reference for forest policy in a multiowner province: a simulation experiment. Can. J. For. Res. 36 (2006) 401-417
71. Tinker D., Romme W., and Despain D. Historic range of variability in landscape structure in subalpine forests of the Greater Yellowstone Area, USA. Landscape Ecol. 18 (2003) 427-439
72. Turner M.G., Gardner R.H., and O'Neill R.V. Landscape Ecology in Theory and Practice (2001), Springer-Verlag, New York
73. USDA Forest Service, 2001. Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness Fuel Treatment-Record of Decision and Final Environmental Impact Statement. USDA Forest Service, Milwaukee, WI.
74. USDA Forest Service, 2004. Superior National Forest Land and Resource Management Plan. USDA Forest Service, Milwaukee, WI.
75. USDI National Park Service, 2002. Fire Management Plan for Voyageurs National Park. United States Department of Interior National Park Service, International Falls, MN.
76. Valett H.M., Crenshaw C.L., and Wagner P.F. Stream nutrient uptake, forest succession, and biogeochemical theory. Ecology 83 (2002) 2888-2901
77. Van Wagner C.E. Age-class distribution and the fire cycle. Can. J. For. Res. 8 (1978) 220-227
78. Vors L.S., Schaefer J.A., Pond B.A., Rodgers A.R., and Patterson B.R. Woodland caribou extirpation and anthropogenic landscape disturbance in Ontario. J. Wildlife Manage. 71 (2007) 1249-1256
79. Ward B.C., Mladenoff D.J., and Scheller R.M. Simulating landscape-level effects of the interaction between residential development and public forest management in northern Wisconsin, USA. For. Sci. 51 (2005) 616-632
80. Wei Y., and Hoganson H. Spatial information for scheduling core area production in forest planning. Can. J. For. Res. 36 (2006) 23-33
81. White M.A., and Host G.E. Forest disturbance frequency and patch structure from pre-European settlement to present in the Mixed Forest Province of Minnesota, USA. Can. J. For. Res. 38 (2008) 2212-2226
82. Wiens J.A. Wildlife in patchy environments: metapopulations, mosaics, and management. In: McCullough D. (Ed). Metapopulations and Wildlife Conservation Management (1997), Island Press, Washington, DC 53-84
83. Wimberly M.C. Spatial simulation of historical landscape patterns in coastal forests of the Pacific Northwest. Can. J. For. Res. 32 (2002) 1316-1328
84. Woodman, B.D., 2005. The effect of season of fire on post-fire legacies in northwestern Ontario red pine (Pinus resinosa) mixedwoods. Master's Thesis. University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario.
85. Woods, G.T., Day, R.J., 1977. A fire history study of Quetico Provincial Park. Fire Ecology Study Report No. 4. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Atikokan, Ontario.
86. Xi W., Coulson R.N., Waldron J.D., Tchakerian M.D., Lafon C.W., Cairns D.M., Birt A.G., and Klepzig K.D. Landscape modeling for forest restoration planning and assessment: lessons from the Southern Appalachian Mountains. J. Forest. 106 (2008) 191-197