Hyperkalemia in patients with heart failure: Incidence, prevalence, and management

Current Heart Failure Reports

Volumn 6, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 272-280

  Desai, Akshay S ^a  

^a BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMILORIDE; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CANDESARTAN; CYCLOOXYGENASE 2 INHIBITOR; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; ENALAPRIL; EPLERENONE; IRBESARTAN; MINERALOCORTICOID ANTAGONIST; PENTAMIDINE; PLACEBO; SPIRONOLACTONE; TRIAMTERENE; TRIMETHOPRIM;

AGING; CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CLINICAL TRIAL; DIABETES MELLITUS; DRUG POTENTIATION; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; FORWARD HEART FAILURE; HEART EJECTION FRACTION; HEART FAILURE; HEART INFARCTION; HOMEOSTASIS; HUMAN; HYPERKALEMIA; INCIDENCE; LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION; PATIENT SELECTION; POTASSIUM BLOOD LEVEL; PREVALENCE; RENIN ANGIOTENSIN ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM; REVIEW; SIDE EFFECT;

DIET; DIURETICS; HEART FAILURE; HUMANS; HYPERKALEMIA; INCIDENCE; POTASSIUM; PREVALENCE; PROGNOSIS; WORLD HEALTH;

EID: 72449208198     PISSN: 15469530     EISSN: 15469549     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11897-009-0037-1     Document Type: Review

References (50)

1. S.A. Hunt W.T. Abraham M.H. Chin, et al. 2009 2009 focused update incorporated into the ACC/AHA 2005 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: developed in collaboration with the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation Circulation 119 e391 e479 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192065 19324966
2. D.N. Juurlink M.M. Mamdani D.S. Lee, et al. 2004 Rates of hyperkalemia after publication of the Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study N Engl J Med 351 543 551 10.1056/NEJMoa040135 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXmtF2rtb0%3D 15295047 (Pubitemid 39025171)
3. Rose BD, Post TW: Clinical physiology of acid-base and electrolyte disorders, edn 5. New York: McGraw-Hill, Medical Publishing Division; 2001.
4. K.J. Sweadner S.M. Goldin 1980 Active transport of sodium and potassium ions: mechanism, function, and regulation N Engl J Med 302 777 783 1:CAS:528:DyaL3cXhvFarsrw%3D 6243739
5. R.H. Sterns M. Cox P.U. Feig I. Singer 1981 Internal potassium balance and the control of the plasma potassium concentration Medicine 60 339 354 10.1097/00005792-198109000-00002 1:STN:280:DyaL38%2Fht1ygtw%3D%3D 6268928
6. F.H. Epstein R.M. Rosa 1983 Adrenergic control of serum potassium N Engl J Med 309 1450 1451 1:STN:280:DyaL2c%2FjvFOgsQ%3D%3D 6633619
7. M.L. Halperin K.S. Kamel 1998 Potassium Lancet 352 135 140 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXkvVeht7g%3D 9672294
8. B.A. Stanton 1987 Regulation of Na+ and K+ transport by mineralocorticoids Sem Nephrol 7 82 90 1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXhvV2jsb0%3D
9. R.N. Khuri W.N. Strieder G. Giebisch 1975 Effects of flow rate and potassium intake on distal tubular potassium transfer Am J Physiol 228 1249 1261 1:CAS:528:DyaE2MXhsFarsLg%3D 1130523
10. B.F. Palmer 2004 Managing hyperkalemia caused by inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system N Engl J Med 351 585 592 10.1056/NEJMra035279 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXmtF2ru7o%3D 15295051 (Pubitemid 39025174)
11. S. Bansal J. Lindenfeld R.W. Schrier 2009 Sodium retention in heart failure and cirrhosis: potential role of natriuretic doses of mineralocorticoid antagonist? Circ Heart Fail 2 370 376 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.108.821199 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXotFWmu70%3D 19808361
12. J.J. McMurray E. O'Meara 2004 Treatment of heart failure with spironolactone-trial and tribulations N Engl J Med 351 526 528 10.1056/NEJMp048144 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXmtF2rt70%3D 15295043 (Pubitemid 39025167)
13. R.M. Rosa P. Silva J.B. Young, et al. 1980 Adrenergic modulation of extrarenal potassium disposal N Engl J Med 302 431 434 1:CAS:528: DyaL3cXht1ahsL4%3D 6101508
14. D.A. Sica M. Hess 2004 Pharmacotherapy in congestive heart failure: aldosterone receptor antagonism: interface with hyperkalemia in heart failure Congest Heart Fail 10 259 264 10.1111/j.1527-5299.2004.02814.x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXpsFShsbc%3D 15470306
15. A.S. Desai K. Swedberg J.J. McMurray, et al. 2007 Incidence and predictors of hyperkalemia in patients with heart failure: an analysis of the CHARM Program J Am Coll Cardiol 50 1959 1966 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.07.067 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXht12hsbfO 17996561 (Pubitemid 350046342)
16. A. Khanna W.B. White 2009 The management of hyperkalemia in patients with cardiovascular disease Am J Med 122 215 221 10.1016/j.amjmed.2008.10.028 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXivVWmsL8%3D 19272479
17. R.A. DeFronzo 1980 Hyperkalemia and hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism Kidney Int 17 118 134 10.1038/ki.1980.14 1:STN:280:DyaL3c7osFyhsg%3D%3D 6990088
18. H.C. Gonick C.R. Kleeman M.E. Rubini M.H. Maxwell 1971 Functional impairment in chronic renal disease. 3. Studies of potassium excretion Am J Med Sci 261 281 290 10.1097/00000441-197105000-00007 1:STN:280:DyaE3M3jsFWktQ%3D%3D 5092154
19. L.M. Einhorn M. Zhan V.D. Hsu, et al. 2009 The frequency of hyperkalemia and its significance in chronic kidney disease Arch Intern Med 169 1156 1162 10.1001/archinternmed.2009.132 19546417
20. Effect of enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure. The SOLVD Investigators. N Engl J Med 1991, 325:293-302.
21. Effect of enalapril on mortality and the development of heart failure in asymptomatic patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions. The SOLVD Investigators. N Engl J Med 1992, 327:685-691.
22. S. de Denus J.C. Tardif M. White, et al. 2006 Quantification of the risk and predictors of hyperkalemia in patients with left ventricular dysfunction: a retrospective analysis of the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD) trials Am Heart J 152 705 712 10.1016/j.ahj.2006.05.030 16996842 (Pubitemid 44396894)
23. M.A. Pfeffer K. Swedberg C.B. Granger, et al. 2003 Effects of candesartan on mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure: the CHARM-Overall programme Lancet 362 759 766 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14282-1 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXntVGktL0%3D 13678868 (Pubitemid 37093915)
24. S. Yusuf M.A. Pfeffer K. Swedberg, et al. 2003 Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and preserved left-ventricular ejection fraction: the CHARM-Preserved Trial Lancet 362 777 781 10.1016/S0140-6736(03) 14285-7 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXntVGktLg%3D 13678871 (Pubitemid 37093918)
25. J.J. McMurray J. Ostergren K. Swedberg, et al. 2003 Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left-ventricular systolic function taking angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors: the CHARM-Added trial Lancet 362 767 771 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14283-3 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXntVGktLo%3D 13678869 (Pubitemid 37093916)
26. B. Pitt W. Remme F. Zannad, et al. 2003 Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction N Engl J Med 348 1309 1321 10.1056/NEJMoa030207 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXis1ehurY%3D 12668699 (Pubitemid 36384098)
27. B. Pitt G. Bakris L.M. Ruilope, et al. 2008 Serum potassium and clinical outcomes in the Eplerenone Post-Acute Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure Efficacy and Survival Study (EPHESUS) Circulation 118 1643 1650 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.778811 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXht1SntLrL 18824643
28. B. Pitt F. Zannad W.J. Remme, et al. 1999 The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators N Engl J Med 341 709 717 10.1056/NEJM199909023411001 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXmtVyrurk%3D 10471456 (Pubitemid 29407370)
29. C.O. Phillips A. Kashani D.K. Ko, et al. 2007 Adverse effects of combination angiotensin II receptor blockers plus angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors for left ventricular dysfunction: a quantitative review of data from randomized clinical trials Arch Intern Med 167 1930 1936 10.1001/archinte.167. 18.1930 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXht1yiu7nO 17923591 (Pubitemid 47606631)
30. A. Desai 2008 Hyperkalemia associated with inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: balancing risk and benefit Circulation 118 1609 1611 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.807917 18852376
31. H.L. Hillege D. Nitsch M.A. Pfeffer, et al. 2006 Renal function as a predictor of outcome in a broad spectrum of patients with heart failure Circulation 113 671 678 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.580506 16461840 (Pubitemid 43754331)
32. B. Bozkurt I. Agoston A.A. Knowlton 2003 Complications of inappropriate use of spironolactone in heart failure: when an old medicine spirals out of new guidelines J Am Coll Cardiol 41 211 214 10.1016/S0735-1097(02)02694-3 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXht1Srs7w%3D 12535810 (Pubitemid 36092186)
33. K.B. Shah K. Rao R. Sawyer S.S. Gottlieb 2005 The adequacy of laboratory monitoring in patients treated with spironolactone for congestive heart failure J Am Coll Cardiol 46 845 849 10.1016/j.jacc.2005.06.010 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2MXpslygsLw%3D 16139135 (Pubitemid 41224809)
34. D.N. Juurlink P.D. Hansten 2005 Drug safety in patients with heart failure Arch Internal Med 165 118 10.1001/archinte.165.1.118-a
35. B.M. Massie P.E. Carson J.J. McMurray, et al. 2008 Irbesartan in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction The N Engl J Med 359 2456 2467 10.1056/NEJMoa0805450 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhsVCrurjE
36. M.G. Shlipak 2003 Pharmacotherapy for heart failure in patients with renal insufficiency Ann Intern Med 138 917 924 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXkvVSlt7o%3D 12779302
37. W.B. Campbell C.E. Gomez-Sanchez B.V. Adams, et al. 1979 Attenuation of angiotensin II- and III-induced aldosterone release by prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors J Clin Invest 64 1552 1557 10.1172/JCI109615 1:CAS:528: DyaL3cXhtVClsbg%3D 500824
38. A.O. Akinbamowo D.J. Salzberg M.R. Weir 2008 Renal consequences of prostaglandin inhibition in heart failure Heart Fail Clin 4 505 510 10.1016/j.hfc.2008.03.002 18760760
39. R.C. Harris Jr 2002 Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition and renal physiology Am J Cardiol 89 10D 17D 10.1016/S0002-9149(02)02232-4 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XitFWmtLc%3D 11909556
40. N. Levy Yeyati A. Fellet C. Arranz, et al. 2008 Amiloridesensitive and amiloride-insensitive kaliuresis in advanced chronic kidney disease J Nephrol 21 93 98 18264941
41. T.R. Kleyman C. Roberts B.N. Ling 1995 A mechanism for pentamidine-induced hyperkalemia: inhibition of distal nephron sodium transport Ann Intern Med 122 103 106 1:STN:280:DyaK2M%2FosFWmsA%3D%3D 7992983
42. J.E. Scoble Z. Varghese P. Sweny J. Moorhead 1986 Renal physiology revisited: amiloride Lancet 2 326 328 10.1016/S0140-6736(86)90013-9 1:CAS:528:DyaL28Xlt1KlsrY%3D 2426544
43. M.A. Perazella 2000 Trimethoprim-induced hyperkalaemia: clinical data, mechanism, prevention and management Drug Saf 22 227 236 10.2165/00002018- 200022030-00006 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXitlGlsbY%3D 10738846
44. D.O. Taylor M.L. Barr B. Radovancevic, et al. 1999 A randomized, multicenter comparison of tacrolimus and cyclosporine immunosuppressive regimens in cardiac transplantation: decreased hyperlipidemia and hypertension with tacrolimus J Heart Lung Transplant 18 336 345 10.1016/S1053-2498(98)00060-6 1:STN:280:DyaK1M3ktlCrtw%3D%3D 10226898 (Pubitemid 29205269)
45. C.E. Stigant J. Cohen M. Vivera J.S. Zaltzman 2000 ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II antagonists in renal transplantation: an analysis of safety and efficacy Am J Kidney Dis 35 58 63 10.1016/S0272-6386(00)70302-7 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXkvVygsw%3D%3D 10620545
46. J.R. Oster I. Singer L.M. Fishman 1995 Heparin-induced aldosterone suppression and hyperkalemia Am J Med 98 575 586 10.1016/S0002-9343(99)80017-5 1:STN:280:DyaK2M3pslCkug%3D%3D 7778574
47. W.H. Bay J.A. Hartman 1983 High potassium in low-sodium soups N Engl J Med 308 1166 1167 1:STN:280:DyaL3s7mslCjsg%3D%3D 6835346
48. A. Restuccio 1992 Fatal hyperkalemia from a salt substitute Am J Emerg Med 10 171 173 10.1016/0735-6757(92)90058-6 1:STN:280:DyaK383msFSruw%3D%3D 1586419
49. K. Ray S. Dorman R. Watson 1999 Severe hyperkalaemia due to the concomitant use of salt substitutes and ACE inhibitors in hypertension: a potentially life threatening interaction J Hum Hypertens 13 717 720 10.1038/sj.jhh.1000890 1:STN:280:DyaK1MvkslyntA%3D%3D 10516744
50. A. Dardik R.C. Moesinger G. Efron, et al. 2000 Acute abdomen with colonic necrosis induced by Kayexalate-sorbitol South Med J 93 511 513 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c3ptVGmsw%3D%3D 10832954