Left atrial appendage occlusion eliminates the need for warfarin

Circulation

Volumn 120, Issue 19, 2009, Pages 1919-1926

  Holmes Jr , David R ^a   Schwartz, Robert S ^b  

^a MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

^b MINNEAPOLIS HEART INSTITUTE FOUNDATION   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT; BLOOD CLOTTING FACTOR 10A INHIBITOR; CLOPIDOGREL; IRBESARTAN; PLACEBO; WARFARIN;

ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY; BLEEDING; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CLINICAL TRIAL; EMBOLISM; HEART ATRIUM APPENDAGE; HEART ATRIUM FIBRILLATION; HEART CATHETERIZATION; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE OCCLUSION; NONHUMAN; NOTE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STROKE; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE; THROMBOGENESIS;

ANTICOAGULANTS; ATRIAL APPENDAGE; ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; HUMANS; INTRACRANIAL EMBOLISM; PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; RISK FACTORS; STROKE; WARFARIN;

EID: 72449184172     PISSN: 00097322     EISSN: 15244539     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.844761     Document Type: Note

References (57)

1. Rosamond W, Flegal K, Furie K, Go A, Greenlund K, Haase N, Hailpern SM, Ho M, Howard V, Kissela B, Kittner S, Lloyd-Jones D, McDermott M, Meigs J, Moy C, Nichol G, O'Donnell C, Roger V, Sorlie P, Stein-berger J, Thom T, Wilson M, Hong Y, for the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart disease and stroke statistics 2008 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation. 2008;117:e25-e146.
2. Miyasaka Y, Barnes ME, Gersh GJ, Cha SS, Bailey KR, Abhayaratna WP, Seward JB, Tsang TSM. Secular trends in incidence of atrial fibrillation in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1980-2000, and implications on the projections for future prevalence. Circulation. 2006;114:119-125.
3. Benjamin EJ, Levy D, Vaziri SM, D'Agostino RB, Belanger AJ, Wolf PA. Independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation in a population-based cohort: the Framingham Heart Study. JAMA. 1994;271:840-844.
4. Psaty BM, Manolio TA, Kuller LH, Kronmal RA, Cushman M, Fried LP, White R, Furberg CD, Rautaharju PM. Incidence of and risk factors for atrial fibrillation in older adults. Circulation. 1997;96:2455-2461.
5. Stewart S, Hart CL, Hole DJ, McMurray JJ. Population prevalence, incidence, and predictors of atrial fibrillation in the Renfrew/Paisley study. Heart. 2001;86:516-521.
6. Ruigomez A, Johansson S, Wallander MA, Rodriguez LA. Incidence of chronic atrial fibrillation in general practice and its treatment pattern. J Clin Epidemiol. 2002;55:358-363.
7. Lloyd-Jones DM, Wang TJ, Leip EP, Larson MG, Levy D, Vasan RS, D'Agostino RB, Massaro JM, Beiser A, Wolf PA, Benjamin EJ. Lifetime risk for development of atrial fibrillation: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2004;110:1042-1046. (Pubitemid 39319000)
8. Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: the Framingham Study. Stroke. 1991;22:983-988.
9. Lin HJ, Wolf PA, Kelly-Hayes M, Beiser AS, Kase CS, Benjamin EJ, D'Agostino RB. Stroke severity in atrial fibrillation. The Framingham Study. Stroke. 1996;27:1760-1764.
10. Garcia DA, Hylek E. Reducing the risk for stroke in patients who have atrial fibrillation. Cardiol Clin. 2008;26:267-275.
11. Onalan O, Crystal E. Left atrial appendage exclusion for stroke prevention in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation. Stroke. 2007;38: 624-630.
12. Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fibrillation: a major contributor to stroke in the elderly: The Framingham Study. Arch Intern Med. 1987;147:1561-1564.
13. 2 score and atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol. January 12, 2009. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.11.122. Available at: http:// www.internationaljournalofcardiology.com/article/S0167-5273(08) 01278-3/fulltext. Accessed August 15, 2009.
14. Gage BF, Waterman AD, Shannon W, Boechler M, Rich MW, Radford MJ. Validation of clinical classification schemes for predicting stroke: results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation. JAMA. 2001; 285:2864-2870.
15. Watson T, Shantsila E, Lip GYH. Mechanisms of thrombogenesis in atrial fibrillation: Virchow's triad revisited. Lancet. 2009;373:155-166.
16. Goldsmith I, Kumar P, Carter P, Blann AD, Path MR, Patel RI, Lip GYH. Atrial endocardial changes in mitral valve disease: a scanning electron microscopy study. Am Heart J. 2000;140:777-784.
17. Pollick C, Taylor D. Assessment of left atrial appendage function by transesophageal echocardiography. Implications for the development of thrombus. Circulation. 1991;84:223-231.
18. Blackshear JL, Odell JA. Appendage obliteration to reduce stroke in cardiac surgical patients with atrial fibrillation. Ann Thorac Surg. 1996; 61:755-759.
19. Go AS, Hylek EM, Borowsky LH, Phillips KA, Selby JV, Singer DE. Warfarin use among ambulatory patients with non valvular atrial fibrillation: the AnTicoagulation and Risk factors In Atrial fibrillation (ATRIA) study. Ann Intern Med. 1999;131:927-934.
20. Optimal oral anticoagulant therapy in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation and recent cerebral ischemia: The European Atrial Fibrillation Trial Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:5-10.
21. The effect of low-dose warfarin on the risk of stroke in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation: The Boston Area Anticoagulation Trial for Atrial Fibrillation Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1990;323: 1505-1511.
22. Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation study: final results: The Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation Investigators. Circulation. 1991;84: 527-539.
23. Connolly SJ, Laupacis A, Gent M, Roberts RS, Cairns JA, Joyner C. Canadian Atrial Fibrillation Anticoagulation (CAFA) Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1991;18:349-355.
24. Ezekowitz MD, Bridgers SL, James KE, Carliner NH, Colling CL, Gornick CC, Krause-Steinrauf H, Kurtzke JF, Nazarian SM, Radford MJ. Warfarin in the prevention of stroke associated with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation: Veterans Affairs Stroke Prevention in Nonrheumatic Atrial Fibrillation Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1992;327:1406-1412.
25. Petersen P, Boysen G, Godtfredsen J, Andersen ED, Andersen B. Placebo-controlled, randomised trial of warfarin and aspirin for prevention of thromboembolic complications in chronic atrial fibrillation. The Copenhagen AFASAK study. Lancet. 1989;1:175-179.
26. Hart RG, Pearce LA, Aguilar MI. Meta-analysis: antithrombotic therapy to prevent stroke in patients who have nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Ann Intern Med. 2007;146:857-867.
27. Go AS, Hylek EM, Chang Y, Phillips KA, Henault LE, Capra AM, Jensvold NG, Selby JV, Singer DE. Anticoagulation therapy for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: how well do randomized trials translate into clinical practice? JAMA. 2003;290:2685-2692.
28. Albers GW, SPORTIF Investigators. Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: pooled analysis of SPORTIF III and V trials. Am J Manag Care. 2004;10:S462-S469
29. ACTIVE Writing Group of the ACTIVE Investigators, Connolly S, Pogue J, Hart R, Pfeffer M, Hohnloser S, Chrolavicius S, Pfeffer M, Hohnloser S, Yusuf S. Clopidogrel plus aspirin versus oral anticoagu-lation for atrial fibrillation in the Atrial fibrillation Clopidogrel Trial with Irbesartan for prevention of Vascular Events (ACTIVE W): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2006;367:1903-1912.
30. Gage BF, Boechler M, Doggette AL, Fortune G, Flaker GC, Rich MW, Radford MJ. Adverse outcomes and predictors of underuse of anti-thrombotic therapy in medicare beneficiaries with chronic atrial fibrillation. Stroke. 2000;31:822-827.
31. Fang MC, Go AS, Hylek EM, Chang Y, Henault LE, Jensvold NG, Singer DE. Age and the risk of warfarin-associated hemorrhage: the anticoagu-lation and risk factors in atrial fibrillation study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006;54:1231-1236.
32. Hylek EM, Evans-Molina C, Shea C, Henault LE, Regan S. Major hemorrhage and tolerability of warfarin in the first year of therapy among elderly patients with atrial fibrillation. Circulation. 2007;115: 2689-2696.
33. Waldo AL, Becker RC, Tapson VF, Colgan KJ, for the NABOR Steering Committee. Hospitalized patients with atrial fibrillation and a high risk of stroke are not being provided with adequate anticoagulation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46:1729-1736.
34. Bungard TJ, Ghali WA, Teo KK, McAlister FA, Tsuyuki RT. Why do patients with atrial fibrillation not receive warfarin? Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:41-46.
35. Gage BF, van Walraven C, Pearce P, Hart RG, Koudstaal PJ, Boode BS, Petersen P. Selecting patients with atrial fibrillation for anticoagulation: stroke risk stratification in patients taking aspirin. Circulation. 2004;110: 2287-2292.
36. Fang MC, Go AS, Chang Y, Hylek EM, Henault LE, Jensvold NG, Singer DE. Death and disability from warfarin-associated intracranial and extracranial hemorrhages. Am J Med. 2007;120:700-705.
37. Flaherty M, Haverbusch M, Sekar P, Kissela BM, Kleindorfer D, Moomaw CJ, Broderick JP, Woo D. Location and outcome of anticoagulant-associated intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care. 2006; 5:197-201.
38. Levine MN, Raskob G, Landefeld, Kearon C. Hemorrhagic complications of anticoagulant treatment. Chest. 2001;119:108S-121S.
39. Palareti G, Leali N, Coccheri S, Poggi M, Manotti C, D'Angelo A, Pengo V, Erba N, Moia M, Ciavarella N, Devoto G, Berrettini M, Musolesi S. Bleeding complications of oral anticoagulant treatment: an inception-cohort, prospective collaborative study (ISCOAT). Italian Study on Complications of Oral Anticoagulant Therapy. Lancet. 1996;348:423-428.
40. Connelly SJ, Pogue J, Eikelboom J, Flaker G, Commerford P, Franzosi MG, Healey JS, Yusuf S, ACTIVE W Investigators. Benefit of oral anticoagulant over antiplatelet therapy in atrial fibrillation depends on the quality of international normalized ratio control achieved by centers and countries as measured by time in therapeutic range. Circulation. 2008; 118:2029-2037.
41. Parker CS, Chen Z, Price M, Gross R, Metlay JP, Christie JD, Brensigner CM, Newcomb CW, Samaha FF, Kimmel SE. Adherence to warfarin assessed by electronic pill caps, clinician assessment, and patient reports: results from the IN-RANGE study. J Gen Intern Med. 2007;22: 1254-1259.
42. Levine MN, Raskob G, Beyth RJ, Kearon C, Schulman S. Hemorrhagic complications of anticoagulant treatment: The Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest. 2004;126: 287S-310S. (Pubitemid 39297958)
43. Albers GW, Diener HC, Frison L, Grind M, Nevinson M, Partridge S, Halperin JL, Horrow J, Olsson SB, Petersen P, Vahanian A, SPORTIF Executive Steering Committee for the SPROTIF V Investigators. Ximel-agatran vs warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2005;293:690-698.
44. Olsson SB, Executive Steering Committee of the SPORTIF III Investigators. Stroke prevention with the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximel-agatran compared with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (SPORTIF III): randomized controlled trial. Lancet. 2003;362: 1691-1698.
45. Blackshear JL, Odell JA. Appendage obliteration to reduce stroke in cardiac surgical patients with atrial fibrillation. Ann Thorac Surg. 1996; 61:755-759.
46. Su P, McCarthy KP, Ho SY. Occluding the left atrial appendage: anatomical considerations. Heart. 2008;94:1166-1170.
47. Kerut EK. Anatomy of the left atrial appendage. Echocardiography. 2008;25:669-673.
48. Healey JS, Crystal E, Lamy A, Teoh K, Semelhago L, Hohnloser SH, Cybulsky I, Abouzahr L, Sawchuck C, Carroll S, Morillo C, kleine P, Chu V, Lonn E, Connolly SJ. Left atrial appendage occlusion study (LAAOS): results of a randomized controlled pilot study of left atrial appendage occlusion during coronary bypass surgery in patients at risk for stroke. Am Heart J. 2005;150:288-293.
49. Bayard YL, Ostermayer SH, Hein R, Skowasch M, Buscheck F, Bara-nowski A, Heinisch C, Sievert H. Percutaneous devices for stroke prevention. Cardiovasc Revasc Med. 2007;8:216-225.
50. Meier B. Left atrial appendage closure: Amplatzer devices. Abstract book of the 7th International Workshop, Catheter Interventions in Congenital Heart Disease and Other Non-coronary Interventions, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, June 17-19, 2004.
51. Sick PB, Schuler G, Hauptmann KE, Grube E, Yakubov S, Turi ZG, Mishkel G, Almany S, Holmes DR. Initial worldwide experience with the WATCHMAN left atrial appendage system for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49:1490-1495.
52. El-Chami MF, Grow P, Eilen D, Lerakis S, Block PC. Clinical outcomes three years after PLAATO implantation. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2007;69:704-707.
53. Ostermayer SH, Reisman M, Kramer PH, Matthews RV, Gray WA, Block PC, Omran H, Bartorelli AL, Della Bella P, DiMario C, Pappone C, Casale PN, Moses JW, Poppas A, Williams DO, Meier B, Skanes A, Teirstein PS, Lesh MD, Nakai T, Bayard Y, Billinger K, Trepels T, Krumsdorf U, Sievert H. Percutaneous left atrial appendage transcatheter occlusion (PLAATO System) to prevent stroke in high-risk patients with non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation: results from the international multi-center feasibility trials. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46:9-14.
54. Sievert H, Lesh MD, Trepels T, Omran H, Bartorelli A, Della Bella P, Nakai T, Reisman M, DiMario C, Block P, Kramer P, Fleschenberg D, Krumsdorf U, Scherer D. Percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion to prevent stroke in high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation: early clinical experience. Circulation. 2002;105:1887-1889.
55. Bayard Y, Omran H, Kramer P, Matthew R, Reisman M, Block P, Ostemayer S, Leetz M, Fischer E, Sievert H, for the PLAATO Investigators. Worldwide experience of percutaneous left atrial appendage trans-catheter occlusion (PLAATO). J Neurol Sci. 2005;238:S70.
56. Fountain RB, Holmes DR, Chandrasekaran K, Packer D, Asirvatham S, Van Tassel R, Turi Z. The PROTECT AF (WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage System for Embolic PROTECTion in patients with atrial fibrillation) trial. Am Heart J. 2006;151:956-961.
57. Holmes DR Jr, Reddy VY, Turi Z, Doshi SK, Sievert H, Buchbinder M, Mullin CM, Sick P for the PROTECT AF Investigators. Percutaneous closure of the left atrial appendage versus warfarin therapy for prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: a randomized non-inferiority trial. Late Breaking Clinical Trial presented at American College of Cardiology i2 Summit; March 28, 2009; Orlando, Fla.