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13C NMR and elemental analysis data. Full experimental details can be found in: Vennerstrom, J. L.; Dong, Y.; Chollet, J.; Matile, H. Spiro and Dispiro 1,2,4-trioxolane antimalarials. U.S. Patent 6486,199, 2002, and Vennerstrom, J. L.; Tang, Y.; Dong, Y.; Chollet, J.; Matile, H.; Padmanilayam, M.; Charman, W. N. Spiro and Dispiro 1,2,4-Trioxolane Antimalarials. U.S. Patent 6825,230, 2004. Although we encountered no difficulties in working with these 1,2,4-trioxolanes (secondary ozonides), routine precautions such as the use of shields, fume hoods, and avoidance of metal salts should be observed whenever possible.
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13C NMR and elemental analysis data. Full experimental details can be found in: Vennerstrom, J. L.; Dong, Y.; Chollet, J.; Matile, H. Spiro and Dispiro 1,2,4-trioxolane antimalarials. U.S. Patent 6486,199, 2002, and Vennerstrom, J. L.; Tang, Y.; Dong, Y.; Chollet, J.; Matile, H.; Padmanilayam, M.; Charman, W. N. Spiro and Dispiro 1,2,4-Trioxolane Antimalarials. U.S. Patent 6825,230, 2004. Although we encountered no difficulties in working with these 1,2,4-trioxolanes (secondary ozonides), routine precautions such as the use of shields, fume hoods, and avoidance of metal salts should be observed whenever possible.
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note
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Activity is defined as percent reduction on day 3 post-infection compared to an untreated control group. For example, a compound with an activity of 99.9% is 10-fold more active than one with an activity of 99.0% and 100-fold more active than one with an activity of 90%.
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16
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0032733974
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7, compounds were incubated with human liver microsomes and appropriate co-factors (BD Gentest, Discovery Labware Inc., Woburn, MA) at a substrate concentration of 1-10 μM and a microsomal protein concentration of 0.4 mg/mL. Loss of parent compound was monitored by LC/MS. Extraction ratios were calculated using appropriate scaling factors as previously described by Obach, R. S
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As fully described in
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As fully described in Ref. 7, compounds were incubated with human liver microsomes and appropriate co-factors (BD Gentest, Discovery Labware Inc., Woburn, MA) at a substrate concentration of 1-10 μM and a microsomal protein concentration of 0.4 mg/mL. Loss of parent compound was monitored by LC/MS. Extraction ratios were calculated using appropriate scaling factors as previously described by Obach, R. S. Drug Metab. Dispos. 1999, 27, 1350.
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72249111207
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note
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In vivo pharmacokinetic studies were conducted in conscious male Sprague Dawley rats. Compounds were dosed by intravenous infusion over 5-10 min through a cannula previously implanted in the jugular vein at doses of 2.5 mg/kg (4f and 6e), 7.5 mg/kg (1) or 10 mg/kg (3a). The IV formulations consisted of either normal saline (1), 10% v/v DMSO in 15 mM pH 3 citrate buffer (6e), 10% v/v ethanol in 15 mM pH 4 citrate buffer (3a) or 20% v/v propylene glycol, 10% v/v ethanol in 15 mM pH 3 citrate (4f). Oral doses (10 mg/kg for 4f and 6e, 40 mg/kg 1 and 3a) were administered by gavage as aqueous suspensions prepared in 0.5% w/v hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, 0.4% Tween 80, and 0.5% benzyl alcohol. Blood samples were collected via a cannula previously implanted in the carotid artery, and plasma was immediately obtained by centrifugation after which samples were stored at -20 °C. For analysis, samples were thawed, plasma proteins precipitated with acetonitrile, and aliquots of the supernatant analysed by LC/MS. Quantitation was conducted by comparison to the response obtained for calibration standards also prepared in plasma using the same methods. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using non-compartmental methods.
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20
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33747103049
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