Actinic keratosis: Precancer, squamous cell carcinoma, or marker of field cancerization?

Giornale Italiano di Dermatologia e Venereologia

Volumn 144, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 441-444

  Deltondo, J A ^a   Helm, K F ^a  

^a PENN STATE MILTON S HERSHEY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Biological markers; Carcinoma, squamous cell; Keratosis, actinic

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL MARKER; FLUOROURACIL; IMIQUIMOD;

ACTINIC KERATOSIS; CRYOSURGERY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE COURSE; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; HUMAN; PRECANCER; REVIEW; SKIN CARCINOGENESIS; SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ULTRAVIOLET B RADIATION;

EID: 72249097709     PISSN: 03920488     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (27)

1. Lober BA, Lober CW. Actinic keratosis is squamous cell carcinoma. South Med J. 2000;93:650-655
2. Davis DA, Donahue JP, Bost JE, Horn TD. The diagnostic concordance of actinic keratosis and squamous cell carcinoma. J Cutan Pathol 2005;32:546-551 (Pubitemid 41224423)
3. Schwartz RA, Bridges TM, Butani AK, Ehrlich A. Actinic keratosis: an occupational and environmental disorder. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2008;22:606-615 (Pubitemid 351541058)
4. Marks R, Foley P, Goodman G, Hage BH, Selwood TS. Spontaneous remission of solar keratoses: the case for conservative management. Br J Dermatol 1986;115:649-655 (Pubitemid 17181888)
5. Marks R, Rennie G, Selwood TS. Malignant transformation of solar keratoses to squamous cell carcinoma. Lancet 1988;9:795-797
6. Rosamilia LL, Helm KF. Clinical recurrence of actinic keratosis following marginal biopsy: a retrospective study. Int J Dermatol 2006;45:1114-1115
7. Slaughter DP, Southwick HW, Smejkal W. "Field cancerization" in oral stratified squamous epithelium. Cancer 1953;6:963-968
8. Anwar J, Wrone D, Kimyai-Asadi A, Alam M. The development of actinic keratosis into invasive squamous cell carcinoma: evidence and evolving classification schemes. Clin Dermatol 2004;22:189-196
9. Yantsos VA, Conrad N, Zabawski E, Cockerell CJ. Incipient intradermal cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a proposal for reclassifying and grading solar (actinic) keratoses. Semin Cutan Med Surg 1999;18:3-14.
10. Roewert-Huber J, Stockfleth E, Kerl H. Pathology and pathobiology of actinic (solar) keratosis-an update. Br J Dermatol 2007;157(Suppl 2):18-20. (Pubitemid 350179624)
11. Krouse RS, Alberts DS, Prasad AR, Yozwiak M, Bartels HG, Liu Y et al. Progression of skin lesions from normal skin to squamous cell carcinoma. Anal Quant Cytol Histol 2009;31:17-25.
12. Braakhuis BJM, Tabor MP, Kummer JA, Leemans CR, Brakenhoff RH. A genetic explanation of Slaughter's concept of field cancerization: evidence and clinical implications. Cancer Res 2003;63:1727-1730
13. Gooding CA, White G, Yatsuhashi M. Significance of marginal extension in excised basal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med 1965;273:923-924
14. Helm K, Findeis-Hosey J. Immunohistochemistry of pigmented actinic keratoses, actinic keratoses, melanomas in situ and solar lentigines with Melan-A. J Cutan Pathol 2008;35:931-934
15. Chen JG, Feldman SR, Williford PM, Hester, EJ, Kiang S-H, Gill I et al. Clinical diagnosis of actinic keratosis identifies an elderly population at high risk of developing skin cancers. Dermatol Surg 2005;31:43-47
16. Dalton SR, Fillman EP, Altman CE, Gardner TL, Davis TL, Bastian BC et al. Atypical junctional melanocytic proliferations in benign lichenoid keratosis. Hum Pathol 2003;34:706-709
17. Feinmesser M, Tsabari C, Fichman S, Hodak E, Sulkes J, Okon E. Differential expression of proliferation- and apoptosis- related markers in lentigo maligna and solar keratosis keratinocytes. Am J Dermatopathol 2003;25:300-307 (Pubitemid 36897332)
18. Aydin A, Kocer NE, Bekerecioglu, M, Sari I. Cutaneous undifferentiated small (merkel) cell carcinoma, that developed synchronously with multiple actinic keratoses, squamous cell carcinomas and basal cell carcinoma. J Dermatol 2003;30:241-244 (Pubitemid 36422573)
19. Iacocca MV, Abernethy JL, Stefanato CM, Allan AE, Bhawan J. Mixed merkel cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998;39:882-887 (Pubitemid 28520709)
20. Scurry J. Grading of actinic keratoses. J Am Acad Dermatol 2001;44:1052-1053
21. Cockerell CJ. Histopathology of incipient intraepidermal squamous cell carcinoma ("actinic keratosis"). J Am Acad Dermatol 2000;42:S11-7.
22. Smits T, Olthuis D, Blokx WAM, Kleinpenning MM, van de Kerkhof PCM, van Erp PEJ et al. Aneuploidy and proliferation in keratinocytic intraepidermal neoplasias. Exp Dermatol 2006;16:81-86 (Pubitemid 46040483)
23. Lubritz RR, Smolewski SA. Cryosurgery cure rate of actinic keratoses. J Am Acad Dermatol 1982;7:631-632
24. Coleman WP, Yarborough JM, Mandy SH. Dermabrasion for prophylaxis and treatment of actinic keratoses. J Dermatol Surg Oncol 1996;22:17-21.
25. Gupta AK, Davey V, Mcphail H. Evaluation of the effectiveness of imiquod and 5-fluorouracil for the treatment of actinic keratosis: critical review and meta-analysis of efficacy studies. J Cutan Med Surg 2005;9:209-214 (Pubitemid 44265792)
26. Anonymous. New treatments for actinic keratoses. Med Lett Drugs Ther 2002;1133:57-58
27. Vatve M, Ortonne JP, Birch-Machin MA, Gupta G. Management of field change in actinic keratosis. Brit J Dermatol 2007;157(Suppl 2):21-24 (Pubitemid 350179625)