Self-esteem and trait importance moderate cultural differences in self-evaluations

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology

Volumn 41, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 116-123

  Brown, Jonathon D ^a   Cai, Huajian ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^b SUN YAT SEN UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

Culture; Self enhancement; Self esteem; Self evaluations

Indexed keywords

EID: 72149114578     PISSN: 00220221     EISSN: 15525422     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0022022109349509     Document Type: Article

References (18)

1. Brown, J.D. (1986). Evaluations of self and others: Self-enhancement biases in social judgments. Social Cognition, 4, 353-376.
2. Brown, J.D. (1993). Self-esteem and self-evaluation: Feeling is believing. In J. Suls (Ed.), Psychological perspectives on the self (Vol. 4, pp. 27-58). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
3. Brown, J.D. (1998). The self. New York: McGraw-Hill.
4. Brown, J.D. (2003). The self-enhancement motive in collectivistic cultures: The rumors of my death have been greatly exaggerated. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 34, 603-605.
5. Brown, J.D., Cai, H., Oakes, M.A., & Deng, C. (2009). Cultural similarities in self-esteem functioning: East is East and West is West, but sometimes the twain do meet. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 40(1), 140-157.
6. Brown, J.D., Dutton, K.A., & Cook, K.E. (2001). From the top down: Self-esteem and self-evaluation. Cognition and Emotion, 15, 615-631.
7. Brown, J.D., & Kobayashi, C. (2002). Self-enhancement in Japan and America. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 5, 145-167.
8. Brown, J.D., & Marshall, M.A. (2006). The three faces of self-esteem. In M. Kernis (Ed.), Self-esteem: Issues and answers (pp. 4-9). New York: Psychology Press.
9. Cai, H., Brown, J.D., Deng, C., & Oakes, M.A. (2007). Self-esteem and culture: Differences in cognitive self-evaluations or affective self-regard? Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 10, 162-170.
10. Cai, H., Wu, Q., & Brown, J.D. (2009). Is self-esteem a universal need? Evidence from the People's Republic of China. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 12, 104-120.
11. Hamamura, T., Heine, S.J., & Takemoto, T. (2007). Why the better-than-average effect is a worse-than-average measure of self-enhancement. An investigation of conflicting findings from studies of East Asian self-evaluations. Motivation and Emotion, 31, 247-259.
12. Heine, S.J. (2008). Cultural psychology. New York: Norton.
13. Heine, S.J., Lehman, D.R., Markus, H.R., & Kitayama, S. (1999). Is there a universal need for positive self-regard? Psychological Review, 106, 766-794.
14. Heine, S.J., Lehman, D.R., Peng, K., & Greenholtz, J. (2002). What's wrong with cross-cultural comparisons of subjective Likert scales: The reference-group problem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 903-918.
15. Kobayashi, C., & Brown, J.D. (2003). Self-esteem and self-enhancement in Japan and America. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 34, 567-580.
16. Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
17. Sedikides, C., Gaertner, L., & Toguchi, Y. (2003). Pancultural self-enhancement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 60-79.
18. Sedikides, C., Gaertner, L., & Vevea, J.L. (2005). Pancultural self-enhancement reloaded: A meta-analytic reply to Heine (2005). Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 539-551.