Mortality and disability: The effect of overweight and obesity

International Journal of Obesity

Volumn 33, Issue 12, 2009, Pages 1410-1418

  Walter, S ^a   Kunst, A ^a   MacKenbach, J ^a   Hofman, A ^a   Tiemeier, H ^a  

^a ERASMUS MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Disability; Gender; Mortality; Population based; Waist circumference

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; BODY WEIGHT; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONVALESCENCE; DAILY LIFE ACTIVITY; DISABILITY; FEMALE; HEALTH ASSESSMENT QUESTIONNAIRE; HUMAN; HYPOTHESIS; INCIDENCE; LIFE EXPECTANCY; LIFE TABLE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; OBESITY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; COMPLICATION; DISABLED PERSON; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; NETHERLANDS; PREDICTIVE VALUE; RISK FACTOR;

AGED; BODY MASS INDEX; BODY WEIGHT; DISABLED PERSONS; FEMALE; HUMANS; LIFE EXPECTANCY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NETHERLANDS; OBESITY; OVERWEIGHT; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; QUESTIONNAIRES; RISK FACTORS; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE;

EID: 72049092934     PISSN: 03070565     EISSN: 14765497     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2009.176     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. WHO. European Action plan on food and nutrition policy, 2007-2012. Available at http://www.euro.who.int/Document/ E91153.pdf, accessed on September 18, 2009.
2. Visscher TL, Kromhout D, Seidell JC. Long-term and recent time trends in the prevalence of obesity among Dutch men and women. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2002; 26: 1218-1224.
3. Schokker DF, Visscher TLS, Nooyens ACJ, Baak MAv, Seidell JC. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the Netherlands. Obes Rev 2007; 8: 101-107.
4. Peeters A, Barendregt JJ, Willekens F, Mackenbach JP, Mamun AA, Bonneux L et al. Obesity in adulthood and its consequences for life expectancy: a life-table analysis. Ann Intern Med 2003; 138: 24-32.
5. Olshansky SJ, Passaro DJ, Hershow RC, Layden J, Carnes BA, Brody J et al. A potential decline in life expectancy in the United States in the 21st century. N Engl J Med 2005; 352: 1138-1145.
6. Fontaine KR, Redden DT, Wang C, Westfall AO, Allison DB. Years of life lost due to obesity. JAMA 2003; 289: 187-193.
7. Flegal KM, Graubard BI, Williamson DF, Gail MH. Excess deaths associated with underweight, overweight, and obesity. JAMA 2005; 293: 1861-1867.
8. Grabowski DC, Ellis JE. High body mass index does not predict mortality in older people: analysis of the longitudinal study of aging. J Am Geriatr Soc 2001; 49: 968-979.
9. Al Snih S, Ottenbacher KJ, Markides KS, Kuo Y-F, Eschbach K, Goodwin JS. The effect of obesity on disability vs mortality in older Americans. Arch Intern Med 2007; 167: 774-780.
10. Diehr P, Bild DE, Harris TB, Duxbury A, Siscovick D, Rossi M. Body mass index and mortality in nonsmoking older adults: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Am J Public Health 1998; 88: 623-629.
11. Diehr P, O'Meara ES, Fitzpatrick A, Newman AB, Kuller L, Burke G. Weight, mortality, years of healthy life, and active life expectancy in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2008; 56: 76-83.
12. Ferraro KF, Su Y-p, Gretebeck RJ, Black DR, Badylak SF. Body mass index and disability in adulthood: a 20-year Panel Study. Am J Public Health 2002; 92: 834-840.
13. Tas Ü, Verhagen AP, Bierma-Zeinstra SMA, Hofman A, Odding E, Pols HAP et al. Incidence and risk factors of disability in the elderly: the Rotterdam Study. Prev Med 2007; 44: 272-278.
14. Fries JF. Compression of morbidity in the elderly. Vaccine 2000; 18: 1584-1589.
15. Peeters A, Bonneux L, Nusselder WJ, De Laet C, Barendregt JJ. Adult obesity and the burden of disability throughout life. Obes Res 2004; 12: 1145-1151.
16. Reynolds SL, Saito Y, Crimmins EM. The impact of obesity on active life expectancy in older American men and women. Gerontologist 2005; 45: 438-444.
17. Reuser M, Bonneux LG, Willekens FJ. Smoking kills, obesity disables: a multistate approach of the US Health and Retirement Survey. Obesity 2009; 17: 783-789.
18. Alley DE, Chang VW. The changing relationship of obesity and disability, 1988-2004. JAMA 2007; 298: 2020-2027.
19. Visscher TL, Seidell JC, Molarius A, van der Kuip D, Hofman A, Witteman JC. A comparison of body mass index, waist-hip ratio and waist circumference as predictors of all-cause mortality among the elderly: the Rotterdam Study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2001; 25: 1730-1735.
20. Han TS, van Leer EM, Seidell JC, Lean ME. Waist circumference action levels in the identification of cardiovascular risk factors: prevalence study in a random sample. BMJ 1995; 311: 1401-1405.
21. Janssen I, Katzmarzyk PT, Ross R. Waist circumference and not body mass index explains obesity-related health risk. Am J Clin Nutr 2004; 79: 379-384.
22. Hofman A, Breteler M, van Duijn C, Krestin G, Pols H, Stricker B et al. The Rotterdam Study: objectives and design update. Eur J Epidemio 2007; 22: 819-829.
23. Consultation WHOE. Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. Lancet 2004; 363: 157-163.
24. Lean MEJ, Han TS, Morrison CE. Waist circumference as a measure for indicating need for weight management. BMJ 1995; 311: 158-161.
25. Fries JF, Spitz PW, Young DY. The dimensions of health outcomes: the health assessment questionnaire, disability and pain scales. J Rheumatol 1982; 9: 789-793.
26. Bruce B, Fries JF. The Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire: a review of its history, issues, progress, and documentation. J Rheumatol 2003; 30: 167-178.
27. Jackson C. Multi-State Modelling with R: The Msm Package. Medial Reasearch Council Biostatistics Unit: Cambridge, UK, 2007.
28. Team, RDC. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing: Vienna, Austria, 2008.
29. Miettinen OS. Theoretical Epidemiology. Wiley: New York, 1985.
30. Greenland S, Finkle WD. A critical look at methods for handling missing covariates in epidemiologic regression analyses. Am J Epidemiol 1995; 142: 1255-1264.
31. Hu FB, Willett WC, Li T, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Manson JE. Adiposity as compared with physical activity in predicting mortality among women. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 2694-2703.
32. Nusselder WJ, Looman CW, Mackenbach JP. Nondisease factors affected trajectories of disability in a prospective study. J Clin Epidemiol 2005; 58: 484-494.
33. Solomon CG, Manson JE. Obesity and mortality: a review of the epidemiologic data. Am J Clin Nutr 1997; 66 (4 Suppl): 1044S-1050S.
34. Zamboni M, Mazzali G, Zoico E, Harris TB, Meigs JB, Di Francesco V et al. Health consequences of obesity in the elderly: a review of four unresolved questions. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2005; 29: 1011-1029.
35. Doblhammer G, Hoffmann R, Muth E, Westphal C, Kruse A. MicMacFBridging the Micro-Macro Gap in Population Forecasting Deliverable 17FThe Effects of Age, Sex, Education, Marital Status Obesity and Smoking on Disability and Mortality: A Systematic Literature Review, 2006. Available at http://www.wiwi.uni-rostock. de/fileadmin/Institute/ISD/Lehrstuhl-EmpSozialforschung/Forschungsprojekte/ MicMac-D18-Trends-in-morbidity-and-mortality.pdf, accessed on September 17, 2009.
36. Adams KF, Schatzkin A, Harris TB, Kipnis V, Mouw T, Ballard-Barbash R et al. Overweight, obesity, and mortality in a large prospective cohort of persons 50 to 71 years old. N Engl J Med 2006; 355: 763-778.
37. Baik I, Ascherio A, Rimm EB, Giovannucci E, Spiegelman D, Stampfer MJ et al. Adiposity and mortality in men. Am J Epidemiol 2000; 152: 264-271.
38. Hedlund J, Hansson LO, Ortqvist A. Short-and long-term prognosis for middle-aged and elderly patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia: impact of nutritional and inflammatory factors. Scand J Infect Dis 1995; 27: 32-37.
39. Peake SL, Moran JL, Ghelani DR, Lloyd AJ, Walker MJ. The effect of obesity on 12-month survival following admission to intensive care: a prospective study. Crit Care Med 2006; 34: 2929-2939.
40. Tremblay A, Bandi V. Impact of body mass index on outcomes following critical care. Chest 2003; 123: 1202-1207.
41. Ray DE, Matchett SC, Baker K, Wasser T, Young MJ. The effect of body mass index on patient outcomes in a medical ICU. Chest 2005; 127: 2125-2131.
42. Goulenok C, Monchi M, Chiche J-D, Mira J-P, Dhainaut J-F, Cariou A. Influence of overweight on ICU mortality: a prospective study. Chest 2004; 125: 1441-1445.
43. Koster A, Leitzmann MF, Schatzkin A, Mouw T, Adams KF, van Eijk JTM et al. Waist circumference and mortality. Am J Epidemiol 2008; 167: 1465-1475.
44. Dolan CM, Kraemer H, Browner W, Ensrud K, Kelsey JL. Associations between body composition, anthropometry, and mortality in women aged 65 years and older. Am J Public Health 2007; 97: 913-918.
45. Folsom AR, Kushi LH, Anderson KE, Mink PJ, Olson JE, Hong CP et al. Associations of general and abdominal obesity with multiple health outcomes in older women: the Iowa Women's Health Study. Arch Intern Med 2000; 160: 2117-2128.
46. Price GM, Uauy R, Breeze E, Bulpitt CJ, Fletcher AE. Weight, shape, and mortality risk in older persons: elevated waist-hip ratio, not high body mass index, is associated with a greater risk of death. Am J Clin Nutr 2006; 84: 449-460
47. National Institutes of Health NH. Lung, and blood institute, clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults-The evidence report. National institutes of health. Obes Res 1998; 6 (Suppl 2): 51S-209S.
48. Johnson RJ, Wolinsky FD. The structure of health status among older adults: disease, disability, functional limitation, and perceived health. J Health Soc Behav 1993; 34: 105-121.
49. Anandacoomarasamy A, Caterson I, Sambrook P, Fransen M, March L. The impact of obesity on the musculoskeletal system. Int J Obes (Lond) 2008; 32: 211-222.
50. Oman D, Reed D, Ferrara A. Do elderly women have more physical disability than men do? Am J Epidemiol 1999; 150: 834-842.
51. Beckett LA, Brock DB, Lemke JH, de Leon CFM, Guralnik JM, Fillenbaum GG et al. Analysis of change in self-reported physical function among older persons in four population studies. Am J Epidemiol 1996; 143: 766-778.
52. Oksuzyan A, Juel K, Vaupel JW, Christensen K. Men: good health and high mortality. Sex differences in health and aging. Aging Clin Exp Res 2008; 20: 91-102