Influence of particle chemical composition on the phase of cold clouds at a high-alpine site in Switzerland

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres

Volumn 114, Issue 18, 2009, Pages

  Targino, Admir Créso ^a   Coe, Hugh ^a   Cozic, Julie ^b,c   Crosier, Jonathan ^a   Crawford, Ian ^a   Bower, Keith ^a   Flynn, Michael ^a   Gallagher, Martin ^a   Allan, James ^a   Verheggen, Bart ^b,d   Weingartner, Ernest ^b   Baltensperger, Urs ^b   Choularton, Tom ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

^b PAUL SCHERRER INSTITUTE   (Switzerland)

^c EARTH SYSTEM RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

^d TNO   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; CLOUDS; LIQUIDS; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS;

ABSORBING AEROSOL; AEROSOL CHARACTERIZATION; CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS; CHEMICAL DATA; CLOUD DROPLETS; CLOUD MICROPHYSICS; COLD CLOUDS; DATA SETS; INORGANIC MATERIALS; INORGANIC SPECIES; INTENSIVE MEASUREMENTS; LIQUID PHASE; LIQUID PHASIS; MIXED PHASE; ORGANIC MATTER; SHARP TRANSITION; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; SULPHATES; SWITZERLAND;

PHASE TRANSITIONS;

AEROSOL; ALPINE ENVIRONMENT; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; CLOUD MICROPHYSICS; DATA SET; INORGANIC MATTER; ORGANIC MATTER; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; VALLEY GLACIER;

CENTRAL EUROPE; EURASIA; EUROPE; SWITZERLAND;

EID: 72049091798     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2008JD011365     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Aiken, A. C., P. F. DeCarlo, and J. L. Jimenez (2007), Elemental analysis of organic species with electron ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry, Anal. Chem., 79(21), 8350-8358.
2. Albrecht, B. A. (1989), Aerosols, cloud microphysics and fractional cloudiness, Science, 245, 1227-1230.
3. Alfarra, M. R. (2004), Insights into atmospheric organic aerosols using an aerosol mass spectrometer, Ph.D. thesis, 243 pp., University of Manchester, Manchester, U. K.
4. Alfarra, M. R., et al. (2004), Characterization of urban and regional organic aerosols in the lower Fraser Valley using two Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometers, Atmos. Environ., 38, 5745-5758.
5. Alfarra, M. R., D. Paulsen, M. Gysel, A. A. Garforth, J. Dommen, A. S. H. Prevot, D. R. Worsnop, U. Baltensperger, and H. Coe (2006), A mass spectrometric study of secondary organic aerosols formed from the photooxidation of anthropogenic and biogenic precursors in a reaction chamber, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 5279-5293.
6. Alfarra, M. R., A. S. H. Prevot, S. Szidat, J. Sandradewi, S. Weimer, V. A. Lanz, D. Schreiber, M. Mohr, and U. Baltensperger (2007), Identification of the mass spectral signature of organic aerosols from wood burning emissions, Environ. Sci. Technol., 41, 5770-5777, doi:10.1021/es062289b.
7. Allan, J. D., J. L. Jimenez, P. I. Williams, M. R. Alfarra, K. N. Bower, J. T. Jayne, H. Coe, and D. R. Worsnop (2003), Quantitative sampling using an Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer: 1. Techniques of data interpretation and error analysis, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D3), 4090, doi:10.1029/2002JD002358.
8. Allan, J. D., et al. (2004), A generalised method for the extraction of chemically resolved mass spectra from Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer data, J. Aerosol Sci., 35, 909-922.
9. Andreae, M. O., and P. J. Crutzen (1997), Atmospheric aerosols: Biogeochemical sources and role in atmospheric chemistry, Science, 276, 1052-1056.
10. Bailey, M., and J. Hallett (2004), Growth rates and habits of ice crystals between -20° and -70°C, J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 514-544. (Pubitemid 38504575)
11. Baltensperger, U., H.W. Gäggeler, D. T. Jost,M. Lugauer,M. Schwikowski, E. Weingartner, and P. Seibert (1997), Aerosol climatology at the high-alpine site Jungfraujoch, Switzerland, J. Geophys. Res., 102(D16), 19,707-19,715.
12. Baltensperger, U., M. Schwikowski, D. T. Jost, S. Nyeki, H. W. Gäggeler, and O. Poulida (1998), Scavenging of atmospheric constituents in mixed phase clouds at the high-alpine site Jungfraujoch: Part I. Basic concept and aerosol scavenging by clouds, Atmos. Environ., 32, 3975-3983. (Pubitemid 28539195)
13. Bergeron, T. (1935), On the physics of clouds and precipitation, in Proces Verbaux de l'Association de Météorologie, 5th Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, pp. 156-178, Paul Dupont, Paris, France.
14. Bond, T. C., and R. W. Bergstrom (2006), Light absorption by carbonaceous particles: An investigative review, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 40, 27-67.
15. Bower, K. N., et al. (2008), Aerosol impacts on the microphysics of mixed phase clouds, in Proc. 15th Int. Conf. on clouds and Precipitation, Cancun, Mexico. (Available at http://cabernet.atmosfcu.unam.mx/ICCP-2008/abstracts/ Program-on-line/Oral-06/BowerEtAl-extended.pdf)
16. Canagaratna, M. R., et al. (2007), Chemical and microphysical characterization of ambient aerosols with the Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer, Mass Spectrom. Rev., 26, 185-222.
17. Cantrell, W., and A. Heymsfield (2005), Production of ice in tropospheric clouds, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 86, 795-807.
18. Chen, Y. L., S. M. Kreidenweis, L. M. McInnes, D. C. Rogers, and P. J. DeMott (1998), Single particle analyses of ice nucleating aerosols in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25(9), 1391-1394.
19. Choularton, T. W., et al. (2008), The influence of small aerosol particles on the properties of water and ice clouds, Faraday Discuss., 137, 205-222.
20. Collaud Coen, M., E. Weingartner, D. Schaub, C. Hueglin, C. Corrigan, S. Henning, M. Schwikowski, and U. Baltensperger (2004), Saharan dust events at the Jungfraujoch: Detection by wavelength dependence of the single scattering albedo and first climatology analysis, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 2465-2480. (Pubitemid 40191224)
21. Collaud Coen, M., E. Weingartner, S. Nyeki, J. Cozic, S. Henning, B. Verheggen, R. Gehrig, and U. Baltensperger (2007), Long-term trend analysis of aerosol variables at the high alpine site Jungfraujoch, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D13213, doi:10.1029/2006JD007995.
22. Connolly, P. J., M. J. Flynn, Z. Ulanowski, T. W. Choularton, M. W. Gallagher, and K. N. Bower (2007), Calibration of the Cloud Particle Imager probes using calibration beads and ice crystal analogs: The depth of field, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 24, 1860-1879.
23. Cozic, J., B. Verheggen, S. Mertes, P. Connolly, K. Bower, A. Petzold, U. Baltensperger, and E. Weingartner (2007), Scavenging of black carbon in mixed phase clouds at the high alpine site Jungfraujoch, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 1797-1807. (Pubitemid 46841608)
24. Cozic, J., et al. (2008a), Chemical composition of free tropospheric aerosol for PM1 and coarse mode at the high alpine site Jungfraujoch, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 407-423.
25. Cozic, J., S. Mertes, B. Verheggen, D. J. Cziczo, S. J. Gallavardin, S. Water, U. Baltensperger, and E. Weingartner (2008b), Black carbon enrichment in atmospheric ice particle residuals observed in the lower tropospheric mixed-phase clouds, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D15209, doi:10.1029/2007JD009266.
26. Crosier, J., J. L. Jimenez, J. D. Allan, K. N. Bower, P. I. Williams, M. R. Alfarra, M. R. Canagaratna, J. T. Jayne, D. R. Worsnop, and H. Coe (2007), Technical note: Description and use of the new jump mass spectrum mode of operation for the Aerodyne quadrupole aerosol mass spectrometers (Q-AMS), Aerosol Sci. Technol., 41, 865-872, doi:10.1080/02786820701501899.
27. Cziczo, D. J., D. M. Murphy, P. K. Hudson, and D. S. Thomson (2004), Single particle measurements of the chemical composition of cirrus ice residue during CRYSTAL-FACE, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D04201, doi:10.1029/2003JD004032.
28. DeCarlo, P. F., J. G. Slowik, D. R. Worsnop, P. Davidovits, and J. L. Jimenez (2004), Particle morphology and density characterization by combined mobility and aerodynamic diameter measurements: Part 1. Theory, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 38(12), 1185-1205.
29. del Genio, A. D., M.-S. Yao, W. Kovari, and K. K.-W. Lo (1996), A prognostic cloud water parameterization for Global Climate Models, J. Clim., 9, 270-304. (Pubitemid 126576732)
30. DeMott, P. J., Y. Chen, S. M. Kreidenweis, D. C. Rogers, and D. E. Sherman (1999), Ice formation by black carbon particles, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26(16), 2429-2432.
31. DeMott, P. J., K. Sassen, M. R. Poellot, D. Baumgardner, D. C. Rogers, S. D. Brooks, A. J. Prenni, and S. M. Kreidenweis (2003a), African dust aerosols as atmospheric ice nuclei, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(14), 1732, doi:10.1029/2003GL017410.
32. DeMott, P. J., D. J. Cziczo, A. J. Prenni, D. M. Murphy, S. M. Kreidenweis, D. S. Thomson, R. Borys, and D. C. Rogers (2003b), Measurements of the concentration and composition of nuclei for cirrus formation, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 100(25), 14,655-14,660.
33. Drewnick, F., et al. (2005), A new time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (TOF-AMS) - Instrument description and first field deployment, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 39, 637-658. (Pubitemid 41318222)
34. Drewnick, F., J. Schneider, S. Hings, N. Hock, K. Noone, A. Targino, S. Weimer, and S. Borrmann (2007), Measurement of ambient, interstitial, and residual aerosol particles on a mountain-top site in central Sweden using an aerosol mass spectrometer and a CVI, J. Atmos. Chem., 56, 1-20. (Pubitemid 44896851)
35. Dzepina, K., J. Arey, L. C. Marr, D. R. Worsnop, D. Salcedo, Q. Zhang, T. B. Onasch, L. T. Molina, M. J. Molina, and J. L. Jimenez (2007), Detection of particle-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Mexico City using an aerosol mass spectrometer, Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 263, 152-170.
36. Field, P. R., A. J. Heymsfield, and A. Bansemer (2006), Shattering and particle interarrival times measured by optical array probes in ice clouds, J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol., 23(10), 1357-1371.
37. Findeisen, W. (1938), Kolloid-meteorologische Vorgänge bei Niederschlagsbildung, Meteorol. Z., 55, 121-133.
38. Forrer, J., R. Ruttimann, D. Schnciter, A. Fischer, B. Buchmann, and P. Hofer (2000), Variability of trace gases at the high-Alpine site Jungfraujoch caused by meteorological transport processes, J. Geophys. Res., 105(D10), 12,241-12,251.
39. Forster, P., et al. (2007), Changes in Atmospheric Constituents and in Radiative Forcing, in Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by S. Solomon et al., Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, U. K.
40. Gorbunov, B., and A. Safatov (1994), In situ measurements of the iceforming activity of metal oxide aerosol with controlled amounts of surface active groups, J. Aerosol Sci., 25, 673-682.
41. Gorbunov, B., A. Baklanov, N. Kakutkina, H. L. Windsor, and R. Toumi (2001), Ice nucleation on soot particles, J. Aerosol Sci., 32, 199-215.
42. Hallet, J., and S. C. Mossop (1974), Production of secondary ice particles during the riming process, Nature, 249, 26-28.
43. Henning, S., E. Weingartner, M. Schwikowski, H. W. Gäggeler, R. Gehrig, K.-P. Hinz, A. Trimborn, B. Spengler, and U. Baltensperger (2003), Seasonal variation of water-soluble ions of the aerosol at the high-alpine site Jungfraujoch (3580 m asl), J. Geophys. Res., 108(D1), 4030, doi:10.1029/ 2002JD002439.
44. Heymsfield, A. J., and L. M. Miloshevich (2003), Parameterizations for the cross-sectional area and extinction of cirrus and stratiform ice cloud particles, J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 647-656.
45. Heymsfield, A. J., C. G. Schmitt, A. Bansemer, D. Baumgardner, E. M. Weinstock, J. T. Smith, and D. Sayres (2004), Effective ice particle densities for cold anvil cirrus, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L02101, doi:10.1029/ 2003GL018311.
46. Hoffer, A., A. Gelencser, P. Guyon, G. Kiss, O. Schmid, G. P. Frank, P. Artaxo, and M. O. Andreae (2006), Optical properties of humic-like substances (HULIS) in biomass-burning aerosols, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 3563-3570. (Pubitemid 44326773)
47. Hoose, C., U. Lohmann, and I. Tegen (2008), The global influence of dust mineralogical composition on heterogeneous ice nucleation in mixed-phase clouds, Environ. Res. Lett., 3, 1-14.
48. Jacobson, M. C., H. C. Hansson, K. J. Noone, and R. J. Charlson (2000), Organic atmospheric aerosols: Review and state of the science, Rev. Geophys., 38(2), 267-294. (Pubitemid 32200848)
49. Kärcher, B., and T. Koop (2005), The role of organic aerosols in homogeneous ice formation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 703-714. (Pubitemid 40479136)
50. Korolev, A., and G. A. Isaac (2005), Shattering during sampling by OAPs and HVPS: Part 1. Snow particles, J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol., 22, 528-542. (Pubitemid 40849653)
51. Libbrecht, K. G. (2005), The physics of snow crystals, Rep. Prog. Phys., 68, 855-895.
52. Lindberg, J. D., R. E. Douglas, and D. M. Garvey (1993), Carbon and the optical properties of atmospheric dust, Appl. Opt., 32, 6077-6081. (Pubitemid 24398810)
53. Lohmann, U. (2002), Possible aerosol effects on ice clouds via contact nucleation, J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 647-656.
54. Lugauer, M., U. Baltensperger, M. Furger, H. W. Gäggeler, D. T. Jost, M. Schwikoswki, and H. Wanner (1998), Aerosol transport to the high Alpine sites Jungfraujoch (3454 m asl) and Colle Gnifetti (4452 m asl), Tellus B, 50, 76-92. (Pubitemid 28229397)
55. McFarquhar, G. M., J. Um, M. Freer, D. Baumgardner, G. L. Kok, and G. Mace (2007), Importance of small ice crystals to cirrus properties: Observations from the Tropical Warm Pool International Cloud Experiment (TWP-ICE), Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L13803, doi:10.1029/2007GL029865.
56. Mertes, S., et al. (2007), Counterflow virtual impactor based collection of small ice particles in mixed-phase clouds for the physico-chemical characterisation of tropospheric ice nuclei: Sampler description and first case study, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 41, 848-864.
57. Möhler, O., et al. (2005), Effect of sulfuric acid coating on heterogeneous ice nucleation by soot aerosol particles, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D11210, doi:10.1029/2004JD005169.
58. Petzold, A., and M. Schönlinner (2004), Multi-angle absorption photometry - A new method for the measurement of aerosol light absorption and atmospheric black carbon, J. Aerosol Sci., 35, 421-441.
59. Pincus, R., and M. Baker (1994), Precipitation, solar absorption and albedo susceptibility in marine boundary layer clouds, Nature, 372, 250-252.
60. Prenni, A. J., P. J. DeMott, S. M. Kreidenweis, D. E. Sherman, L. M. Russell, and Y. Ming (2001), The effects of low molecular weight dicarboxylic acids on cloud formation, J. Phys. Chem., A, 105(50), 11,240-11,248.
61. Saathoff, H., K.-H. Naumann, M. Schnaiter, W. Schöck, O. Möhler, U. Schurath, E. Weingartner, M. Gysel, and U. Baltensperger (2003), Coating of soot and (NH4)2SO4 particles by ozonolysis products of α-pinene, J. Aerosol Sci., 34, 1297-1321.
62. Sjoegren, S., M. Gysel, E. Weingartner, M. R. Alfarra, J. Duplissy, J. Cozic, J. Crosier, H. Coe, and U. Baltensperger (2008), Hygroscopicity of the submicrometer aerosol at the high-alpine site Jungfraujoch, 3580 m a.s.l., Switzerland, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 5715-5729.
63. Ström, J., and S. Ohlsson (1998), Real-time measurement of absorbing material in contrail ice using a counterflow virtual impactor, J. Geophys. Res., 103(D8), 8737-8741.
64. Szidat, S., A. S. H. Prevot, J. Sandradewi, M. R. Alfarra, H.-A. Synal, L. Wacker, and U. Baltensperger (2007), Dominant impact of residential wood burning on particulate matter in Alpine valleys during winter, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L05820, doi:10.1029/2006GL028325. (Pubitemid 46864555)
65. Targino, A. C., R. Krejci, K. J. Noone, and P. Glantz (2006), Single particle analysis of ice crystal residuals observed in orographic wave clouds over Scandinavia during INTACC experiment, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 1977-1990.
66. Twohy, C. H., and M. R. Poellot (2005) Chemical characteristics of ice residuals nuclei in anvil cirrus clouds: Evidence for homogeneous and heterogeneous ice formation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 2289-2297.
67. Twomey, S. (1974), Pollution and the planetary albedo, Atmos. Environ., 8, 1251-1256.
68. Vali, G. (1985), Nucleation terminology, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 66, 1426-1427.
69. Verheggen, B., J. Cozic, E. Weingartner, K. Bower, S. Mertes, P. Connolly, M. Gallagher, M. Flynn, T. Choularton, and U. Baltensperger (2007), Aerosol partitioning between the interstitial and the condensed phase in mixed-phase clouds, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D23202, doi:10.1029/2007JD008714.
70. Wegener, A. (1911), Thermodynamik der Atmosphäre, Verlag J. A. Barth, Leipzig.
71. Weingartner, E., S. Nyeki, and U. Baltensperger (1999), Seasonal and diurnal variation of aerosol size distributions (10 < D < 750 nm) at a high-alpine site (Jungfraujoch 3580 m asl), J. Geophys. Res., 104(D21), 26,809-26,820.
72. Weingartner, E., M. Gysel, and U. Baltensperger (2002), Hygroscopicity of aerosol particles at low temperatures: 1. New low-temperature H-TDMA instrument: Setup and first applications, Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 55-62.
73. Wyslouzil, B. E., K. L. Carleton, D. M. Sonnenfroh, W. T. Rawlins, and S. Arnold (1994), Observation of hydration of single modified carbon aerosol, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21(19), 2107-2110.
74. Zhang, Q., M. R. Alfarra, D. R. Worsnop, J. D. Allan, H. Coe, M. Canagaratna, and J. L. Jimenez (2005), Deconvolution and quantification of hydrocarbon-like and oxygenated organic aerosols based on aerosol mass spectrometry, Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 4938-4952. (Pubitemid 40966720)
75. Zobrist, B., et al. (2006), Oxalic acid as a heterogeneous ice nucleus in the upper troposphere and its indirect aerosol effect, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 3115-3129. (Pubitemid 44154661)