Mixing of secondary gas injection in a bubbling fluidized bed

Chemical Engineering Research and Design

Volumn 87, Issue 11, 2009, Pages 1451-1465

  Li, Tingwen ^a   Pougatch, Konstantin ^a   Salcudean, Martha ^a   Grecov, Dana ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Bubbling fluidized bed; Gas mixing; Secondary gas

Indexed keywords

BUBBLING FLUIDIZED BED; DOWNWARD FLOW; GAS FLOWRATE; GAS INJECTION; GAS JET INJECTION; GAS-MIXING; GAS-SOLID; INJECTION LEVELS; NONUNIFORM; SHORT DISTANCES; SMALL SCALE; SOLID PARTICLES; THREE-DIMENSIONAL NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; TIME-AVERAGED; TRACER GAS;

AERODYNAMICS; BUBBLE FORMATION; COMPUTER SIMULATION; FLOW OF GASES; FLUIDIZATION; FLUIDIZED BEDS; JETS; MIXING;

GASES;

EID: 71749111352     PISSN: 02638762     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2009.04.012     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Al-Sherehy F., Grace J., and Adris A.E. Gas mixing and modeling of secondary gas distribution in a bench-scale fluidized bed. AIChE Journal 50 5 (2004) 922-936
2. Benyahia S., Syamlal M., and O'Brien T.J. Evaluation of boundary conditions used to model dilute, turbulent gas/solids flows in a pipe. Powder Technology 156 2-3 (2005) 62-72
3. Benyahia, S., Syamlal, M. and O'Brien, T.J., (2007). Summary of MFIX Equations 2005-4. From URL https://mfix.netl.doe.gov/documentation/MFIXEquations2005-4-3.pdf.
4. Bi H.T., Ellis N., Abba I.A., and Grace J.R. A state-of-the-art review of gas-solid turbulent fluidization. Chemical Engineering Science 55 21 (2000) 4789-4825
5. Cao J., and Ahmadi G. Gas-particle 2-phase turbulent-flow in a vertical duct. International Journal of Multiphase Flow 21 6 (1995) 1203-1228
6. Christensen D., Nijenhuis J., van Ommen J.R., and Coppens M.O. Influence of distributed secondary gas injection on the performance of a bubbling fluidized-bed reactor. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 47 10 (2008) 3601-3618
7. Christensen D., Nijenhuis J., Van Ornmen J.R., and Coppens M.O. Residence times in fluidized beds with secondary gas injection. Powder Technology 180 3 (2008) 321-331
8. Christensen D., Vervloet D., Nijenhuis J., van Wachem B.G.M., van Ommen J.R., and Coppens M.O. Insights in distributed secondary gas injection in a bubbling fluidized bed via discrete particle simulations. Powder Technology 183 3 (2008) 454-466
9. Chyang C.S., Chang C.H., and Chang J.H. Gas discharge modes at a single horizontal nozzle in a two-dimensional fluidized bed. Powder Technology 90 1 (1997) 71-77
10. Crowe C.T., Troutt T.R., and Chung J.N. Numerical models for two-phase turbulent flows. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 28 (1996) 11-43
11. Das Sharma S., Pugsley T., and Delatour R. Three-dimensional CFD model of the deaeration rate of FCC particles. AIChE Journal 52 7 (2006) 2391-2400
12. de Bertodano M.A.L. Two fluid model for two-phase turbulent jets. Nuclear Engineering and Design 179 1 (1998) 65-74
13. Deardorf J.W. Magnitude of subgrid scale eddy coefficient. Journal of Computational Physics 7 1 (1971) 120-133
14. Deshmukh S.A.R.K., Annaland M.V., and Kuipers J.A.M. Gas back-mixing studies in membrane assisted bubbling fluidized beds. Chemical Engineering Science 62 15 (2007) 4095-4111
15. Enwald H., Peirano E., and Almstedt A.E. Eulerian two-phase flow theory applied to fluidization. International Journal of Multiphase Flow 22 (1996) 21-66
16. Gidaspow D. Multiphase Flow and Fluidization: Continuum and Kinetic Theory Descriptions (1994), Academic Press, Boston p. 467
17. Gilliland E.R., and Mason E.A. Gas mixing in beds of fluidized solids. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 44 (1952) 218-224
18. Hansen K.G., Solberg T., and Hjertager B.H. A three-dimensional simulation of gas/particle flow and ozone decomposition in the riser of a circulating fluidized bed. Chemical Engineering Science 59 22-23 (2004) 5217-5224
19. Johnson P.C., and Jackson R. Frictional collisional constitutive relations for antigranulocytes-materials, with application to plane shearing. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 176 (1987) 67-93
20. Koksal M., and Hamdullahpur F. Gas mixing in circulating fluidized beds with secondary air injection. Chemical Engineering Research & Design 82 A8 (2004) 979-992
21. Kunii D., and Levenspiel o.O. Fluidization Engineering (1991), Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston p. 491
22. Li J.H., and Weinstein H. An experimental comparison of gas backmixing in fluidized-beds across the regime spectrum. Chemical Engineering Science 44 8 (1989) 1697-1705
23. Li, T., 2009. Numerical investigation of the gas/spray jet interaction with fluidized bed. Ph.D. Thesis. University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
24. Li, T., Pougatch, K., Salcudean, M., Grecov, D., 2009, Numerical simulation of single and multiple gas jets in bubbling fluidized beds.Submitted to Chemical Engineering Science.
25. Li T., Pougatch K., Salcudean M., and Grecov D. Numerical simulation of horizontal jet penetration in a three-dimensional fluidized bed. Powder Technology 184 1 (2008) 89-99
26. Liu H., Liu W., Zheng J., Ding J., Zhao X., and Lu H. Numerical study of gas-solid flow in a precalciner using kinetic theory of granular flow. Chemical Engineering Journal 102 2 (2004) 151
27. Lu H.L., and Gidaspow D. Hydrodynamics of binary fluidization in a riser: CFD simulation using two granular temperatures. Chemical Engineering Science 58 16 (2003) 3777-3792
28. Lun C.K.K., Savage S.B., Jeffrey D.J., and Chepurniy N. Kinetic theories for granular flow-inelastic particles in Couette-flow and slightly inelastic particles in a general flowfield. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 140 (1984) 223-256 (Mar)
29. McKeen T., and Pugsley T. Simulation and experimental validation of a freely bubbling bed of FCC catalyst. Powder Technology 129 1-3 (2003) 139-152
30. Missen R.W., Mims C.A., and Saville B.A. Introduction to Chemical Reaction Engineering and Kinetics (1999), J. Wiley, New York p. 672
31. Nguyen H.V., Potter O.E., Dent D.C., and Whitehead A.B. Gas backmixing in large fluidized-beds containing tube assemblies. AIChE Journal 27 3 (1981) 509-514
32. Nguyen H.V., Whitehead A.B., and Potter O.E. Gas backmixing, solids movement, and bubble activities in large-scale fluidized-beds. AIChE Journal 23 6 (1977) 913-922
33. Portela L.M., and Oliemans R.V.A. Possibilities and limitations of computer simulations of industrial turbulent dispersed multiphase flows. Flow Turbulence and Combustion 77 1-4 (2006) 381-403
34. Rajan S., and Christoff J.D. Effect of horizontal air jet penetration on the combustion of coal in a fluidized-bed. Journal of Energy 6 2 (1982) 125-131
35. Reeks M.W. On a kinetic-equation for the transport of particles in turbulent flows. Physics of Fluids A-Fluid Dynamics 3 3 (1991) 446-456
36. Samuelsberg A., and Hjertager B.H. An experimental and numerical study of flow patterns in a circulating fluidized bed reactor. International Journal of Multiphase Flow 22 3 (1996) 575-591
37. Simonin O. Continuum Modelling of Dispersed Two-phase Flows. Lecture Series-van Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics vol. 2 (1996) pp. K1-K47
38. Song X.Q., Bi H.T., Lim C.J., Grace J.R., Chan E., Knapper B., and McKnight C.A. Hydrodynamics of the reactor section in fluid cokers. Powder Technology 147 1-3 (2004) 126-136
39. Song X.Q., Grace J.R., Bi H., Lim C.J., Chan E., Knapper B., and McKnight C.A. Gas mixing in the reactor section of fluid cokers. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 44 16 (2005) 6067-6074
40. Syamlal M., and O'Brien T.J. Fluid dynamic simulation of O-3 decomposition in a bubbling fluidized bed. AIChE Journal 49 11 (2003) 2793-2801
41. Syamlal M., Rogers W., and Brien T.J.O. MFIX Documentation: Theory Guide U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) (1993), Morgantown Energy Technology Center, Morgantown, West Virginia
42. Van Deemter J.J. Mixing. In: Davidson J.F., Clift R., and Harrison D. (Eds). Fluidization (1985), Academic Press, New York 331-355 Chapter 9
43. Varol M., and Atimtay A.T. Combustion of olive cake and coal in a bubbling fluidized bed with secondary air injection. Fuel 86 10-11 (2007) 1430-1438
44. Xu Y., and Subramaniam S. A multiscale model for dilute turbulent gas-particle flows based on the equilibration of energy concept. Physics of Fluids 18 3 (2006)