Mechanism for peroxide cross-linking of EPDM rubber from MAS13C NMR spectroscopy

Macromolecules

Volumn 42, Issue 22, 2009, Pages 8914-8924

  Orza, R A ^a,b   Magusin, P C M M ^a   Litvinov, V M ^b,c   Van Duin, M ^d   Michel, M A J ^a  

^a EINDHOVEN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Netherlands)

^b DUTCH POLYMER INSTITUTE DPI   (Netherlands)

^c DSM RESEARCH   (Netherlands)

^d DSM Elastomers BV   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALLYL RADICALS; CROSSLINKING REACTION; EPDM RUBBER; LINK STRUCTURE; MACRORADICALS; NMR SPECTROSCOPY; NMR TECHNIQUES; PEROXIDE CURING; RELAXOMETRY;

NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; OXIDATION;

NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE;

EID: 71549170520     PISSN: 00249297     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ma9016482     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Hofmann, W. Rubber Technology Handbook; Hanser Publishers: Munich, 1989.
2. Riedel, J. A.; Vander Laan, R. Ethylene Propylene Rubbers. In The Vanderbilt Rubber Handbook, 13th ed.; R. T.Vanderbilt Co.: New York, 1973; p 123.
3. Duin van, M. KGK, Kautsch. Gummi Kunstst. 2002, 55, 150.
4. Duynstee, E. F. J. KGK, Kautsch. Gummi Kunstst. 1987, 40, 205.
5. Winters, R.; Heinen, W.; Verbruggen, M. A. L.; Lugtenburg, J.; Duin van, M.; De Groot, H. J. M. Macromolecules 2002, 35, 1958.
6. van Duin, M.; Coussens, B. (Re)evaluation of the Importance of Hydrogen Abstraction during Radical Grafting of Polyolefins", 11th Polymer Processing Society meeting, Stuttgart, 1995.
7. Peters, R.; van Duin, M.; Tonoli, D.; Kwakkenbos, G.; Mengerink, Y. J.; van Benthem, R. A. T. M.; de Koster, C. G.; Schoenmakers, P. J.; van der Wal, S. J. Chromatogr., A 2008, 1201, 151.
8. Zachary, M.; Camara, S.; Whitwood, A. C.; Gilbert, B. C.; van Duin, M.; Meier, R.; Chechik, V. Eur. Polym. J. 2008, 44, 1099.
9. Orza, R. A.; Magusin, P. C. M. M.; Litvinov, V. M.; Duin van, M.; Michels, M. A. J. Macromol. Symp. 2005, 230, 144.
10. Orza, R. A.; Magusin, P. C. M. M.; Litvinov, V. M.; Duin van, M.; Michels, M. A. J. Macromolecules 2007, 40, 8999.
11. Heinen, W.; Ballijns, L. N.; Wittenburg, W. J. A.; Winters, R.; Lugtenburg, J.; Duin van, M. Polymer 1999, 40, 4353.
12. Henseley, D. R.; Goodrich, S. D.; Harwood, H. J.; Rinaldi, P. L. Macromolecules 2004, 27, 2351.
13. Savant, D. M.; Reddy, V. D.; McCord, E. F.; Rinaldi, P. L. Macromolecules 2007, 40, 4199.
14. AKZO Chemicals Division, Rubber Chemicals, cross-linking peroxides.
15. Bourdonneau, M.; Ancian, B. J. Magn. Reson. 1998, 132, 316.
16. Rucker, S. P.; Shaka, A. J. Mol. Phys. 1989, 68, 509.
17. Litvinov, V. M.; Dias, A. A. Macromolecules 2001, 34, 4051.
18. Fry, C. G.; Lind, A. C. Macromolecules 1988, 21, 1292.
19. Litvinov, V. M. Spectroscopy of Rubbers and Rubbery Materials; RAPRATechnology, 2002; p 353.
20. Gotlib, Yu. Ya.; Lifshits, V. A.; Shevelev, V. A.; Lishanskii, I. A.; Balanina, I. V. Polym. Sci. USSR 1976, 18, 2630.
21. Dluzneski, P. R. Rubber Chem. Technol. 2001, 74, 451.
22. Bax, A.; Freeman, R.; Kempsell, S.P.J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 4849.
23. Kobuke, Y.; Fueno, T.; Furukawa, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 6548.
24. Fisher, J.; Gradwell, M. J. Magn. Reson. Chem. 1991, 29, 1068.
25. Van der Velden, G. Macromolecules 1983, 16, 85.
26. Wang, M.; Bertmer, M.; Demco, D. E.; Blümich, B. J. Phys. Chem. B 2004, 108, 10911.
27. Carmen, C. J.; Harrington, C. E.; Wilkes, C. E. Macromolecules 1977, 10, 530.
28. Randall, J. C. Macromolecules 1978, 11, 33.
29. Saalwächter, K. J. Chem. Phys. 2004, 120, 454.
30. Brereton, M. G. Macromolecules 1990, 23, 1119.
31. Litvinov, V. M. Macromolecules 2006, 39, 8727.
32. Gronski, W.; Hasenhindl, H.; Freund, B.; Wolff, S. KGK, Kautsch. Gummi Kunstst. 1991, 44, 119.
33. Mori, M.; Koenig, J. L. Rubber Chem. Technol. 1995, 68, 551.
34. Pollard, M.; Klimke, K.; Graf, R.; Spiess, H. W.; Wilhelm, M. Macromolecules 2004, 37, 813.
35. Zorine, V.; Magusin, P. C. M. M.; Van Santen, R. A. J. Phys. Chem. B 2004, 108, 5600.
36. Vogel, L.; Gross, D. KGK, Kautsch. Gummi Kunstst. 1992, 45, 609.