메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 338, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 391-400

Specialized ommatidia of the polarization-sensitive dorsal rim area in the eye of monarch butterflies have non-functional reflecting tapeta

Author keywords

Compound eye; Dorsal rim area; Monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus (Insecta); Polarization vision; Tapetum

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BUTTERFLY; COMPOUND EYE; DANAUS PLEXIPPUS; MICROVILLUS; NONHUMAN; OMMATIDIA; ORIENTATION; PHOTORECEPTOR; POLARIZATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TISSUE STRUCTURE;

EID: 71449113867     PISSN: 0302766X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00441-009-0886-7     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (30)

References (47)
  • 1
    • 0001870931 scopus 로고
    • Structural specializations of the cornea and retina at the dorsal rim of the compound eye in hymenopteran insects
    • 10.1007/BF00214897
    • F Aepli T Labhart EP Meyer 1985 Structural specializations of the cornea and retina at the dorsal rim of the compound eye in hymenopteran insects Cell Tissue Res 239 19 24 10.1007/BF00214897
    • (1985) Cell Tissue Res , vol.239 , pp. 19-24
    • Aepli, F.1    Labhart, T.2    Meyer, E.P.3
  • 2
    • 0024007510 scopus 로고
    • Functional morphology of the ommatidia in the compound eye of the moth, Antheraea polyphemus (Insecta, Saturniidae)
    • 10.1007/BF00214381 1:STN:280:DyaL1c3ltlemtQ%3D%3D 3383218
    • F Anton-Erxleben H Langer 1988 Functional morphology of the ommatidia in the compound eye of the moth, Antheraea polyphemus (Insecta, Saturniidae) Cell Tissue Res 252 385 396 10.1007/BF00214381 1:STN:280:DyaL1c3ltlemtQ%3D%3D 3383218
    • (1988) Cell Tissue Res , vol.252 , pp. 385-396
    • Anton-Erxleben, F.1    Langer, H.2
  • 3
    • 0032889753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An ultraviolet absorbing pigment causes a narrow-band violet receptor and a single-peaked green receptor in the eye of the butterfly Papilio
    • 10.1016/S0042-6989(98)00070-4 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXotValtr4%3D 10211390
    • K Arikawa S Mizuno DGW Scholten K Kinoshita T Seki J Kitamoto DG Stavenga 1999 An ultraviolet absorbing pigment causes a narrow-band violet receptor and a single-peaked green receptor in the eye of the butterfly Papilio Vision Res 39 1 8 10.1016/S0042-6989(98)00070-4 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXotValtr4%3D 10211390
    • (1999) Vision Res , vol.39 , pp. 1-8
    • Arikawa, K.1    Mizuno, S.2    Scholten, D.G.W.3    Kinoshita, K.4    Seki, T.5    Kitamoto, J.6    Stavenga, D.G.7
  • 4
    • 0020582561 scopus 로고
    • Dark-processes following photoconversion of butterfly rhodopsins
    • 10.1007/BF00535663 1:CAS:528:DyaL3sXktVehu78%3D
    • GD Bernard 1983 Dark-processes following photoconversion of butterfly rhodopsins Biophys Struct Mech 9 277 286 10.1007/BF00535663 1:CAS:528: DyaL3sXktVehu78%3D
    • (1983) Biophys Struct Mech , vol.9 , pp. 277-286
    • Bernard, G.D.1
  • 5
    • 0034073985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photoreceptor visual fields, ommatidial array and receptor axon projections in the polarisation-sensitive dorsal rim area of the cricket compound eye
    • 10.1007/s003590050012 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c7nt1aruw%3D%3D 10707310
    • M Blum T Labhart 2000 Photoreceptor visual fields, ommatidial array and receptor axon projections in the polarisation-sensitive dorsal rim area of the cricket compound eye J Comp Physiol A 186 119 128 10.1007/s003590050012 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c7nt1aruw%3D%3D 10707310
    • (2000) J Comp Physiol A , vol.186 , pp. 119-128
    • Blum, M.1    Labhart, T.2
  • 7
    • 15044353964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eyeshine and spectral tuning of long wavelength-sensitive rhodopsins: No evidence for red-sensitive photoreceptors among five Nymphalini butterfly species
    • DOI 10.1242/jeb.01453
    • AD Briscoe GD Bernard 2005 Eyeshine and spectral tuning of long wavelength-sensitive rhodopsins: no evidence for red-sensitive photoreceptors among five Nymphalini butterfly species J Exp Biol 208 687 698 10.1242/jeb.01453 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXjtFWgs7s%3D 15695761 (Pubitemid 40374512)
    • (2005) Journal of Experimental Biology , vol.208 , Issue.4 , pp. 687-696
    • Briscoe, A.D.1    Bernard, G.D.2
  • 8
    • 0037436886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Not all butterfly eyes are created equal: Rhodopsin absorption spectra, molecular identification, and localization of ultraviolet-, blue-, and green-sensitive rhodopsin-encoding mRNAs in the retina of Vanessa cardui
    • DOI 10.1002/cne.10582
    • AD Briscoe GD Bernard AS Szeto LM Nagy RH White 2003 Not all butterfly eyes are created equal: rhodopsin absorption spectra, molecular identification, and localization of ultraviolet-, blue-, and green-sensitive rhodopsin-encoding mRNAs in the retina of Vanessa cardui J Comp Neurol 458 334 349 10.1002/cne.10582 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXps1amtLo%3D 12619069 (Pubitemid 36337051)
    • (2003) Journal of Comparative Neurology , vol.458 , Issue.4 , pp. 334-349
    • Briscoe, A.D.1    Bernard, G.D.2    Szeto, A.S.3    Nagy, L.M.4    White, R.H.5
  • 9
    • 0029499638 scopus 로고
    • Understanding and misunderstanding the migration of the monarch butterfly (Nymphalidae) in North America: 1857-1995
    • LP Brower 1995 Understanding and misunderstanding the migration of the monarch butterfly (Nymphalidae) in North America: 1857-1995 J Lepid Soc 49 304 385
    • (1995) J Lepid Soc , vol.49 , pp. 304-385
    • Brower, L.P.1
  • 10
    • 0002920897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monarch butterfly orientation: Missing pieces of a magnificent puzzle
    • 9317405
    • LP Brower 1996 Monarch butterfly orientation: missing pieces of a magnificent puzzle J Exp Biol 199 93 103 9317405
    • (1996) J Exp Biol , vol.199 , pp. 93-103
    • Brower, L.P.1
  • 11
    • 84981658256 scopus 로고
    • Behavioural evidence for polarization vision in crickets
    • 10.1111/j.1365-3032.1987.tb00718.x
    • D Brunner T Labhart 1987 Behavioural evidence for polarization vision in crickets Physiol Entomol 12 1 10 10.1111/j.1365-3032.1987.tb00718.x
    • (1987) Physiol Entomol , vol.12 , pp. 1-10
    • Brunner, D.1    Labhart, T.2
  • 12
    • 0000989550 scopus 로고
    • Die strukturelle Spezialisierung des dorsalen Augenteils der Grillen (Orthoptera, Grylloidea)
    • FMHR Burghause 1979 Die strukturelle Spezialisierung des dorsalen Augenteils der Grillen (Orthoptera, Grylloidea) Zool Jb Physiol 83 502 525
    • (1979) Zool Jb Physiol , vol.83 , pp. 502-525
    • Fmhr, B.1
  • 13
    • 0034276697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How do insects use path integration for their navigation?
    • 10.1007/s004220000168 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3cvltFKisw%3D%3D 11007299
    • M Collett T Collett 2000 How do insects use path integration for their navigation? Biol Cybern 83 245 259 10.1007/s004220000168 1:STN:280: DC%2BD3cvltFKisw%3D%3D 11007299
    • (2000) Biol Cybern , vol.83 , pp. 245-259
    • Collett, M.1    Collett, T.2
  • 14
    • 0038735781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twilight orientation to polarised light in the crepuscular dung beetle Scarabaeus zambesianus
    • DOI 10.1242/jeb.00289
    • M Dacke P Nordström CH Scholtz 2003 Twilight orientation to polarised light in the crepuscular dung beetle Scarbaeus zambesianus J Exp Biol 260 1535 1543 10.1242/jeb.00289 (Pubitemid 36573066)
    • (2003) Journal of Experimental Biology , vol.206 , Issue.9 , pp. 1535-1543
    • Dacke, M.1    Nordstrom, P.2    Scholtz, C.H.3
  • 15
    • 2942731551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In search of the sky compass in the insect brain
    • DOI 10.1007/s00114-004-0525-9
    • U Homberg 2004 In search of the sky compass in the insect brain Naturwissenschaften 91 199 208 10.1007/s00114-004-0525-9 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2cXjvFKnsr0%3D 15146265 (Pubitemid 38789211)
    • (2004) Naturwissenschaften , vol.91 , Issue.5 , pp. 199-208
    • Homberg, U.1
  • 16
    • 0036083544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructure and orientation of ommatidia in the dorsal rim area of the locust compound eye
    • DOI 10.1016/S1467-8039(02)00010-5, PII S1467803902000105
    • U Homberg A Paech 2002 Ultrastructure and orientation of ommatidia in the dorsal rim area of the locust compound eye Arthropod Struct Dev 30 271 280 10.1016/S1467-8039(02)00010-5 18088961 (Pubitemid 34662982)
    • (2002) Arthropod Structure and Development , vol.30 , Issue.4 , pp. 271-280
    • Homberg, U.1    Paech, A.2
  • 17
    • 0001880666 scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructure and adaptation in the retina of Aglais urticae (Lepidoptera)
    • 10.1007/BF00312143
    • G Kolb 1985 Ultrastructure and adaptation in the retina of Aglais urticae (Lepidoptera) Zoomorphology 105 90 98 10.1007/BF00312143
    • (1985) Zoomorphology , vol.105 , pp. 90-98
    • Kolb, G.1
  • 18
    • 0001698252 scopus 로고
    • Retinal ultrastructure in the dorsal rim and large dorsal area of the eye of Aglais urticae (Lepidoptera)
    • 10.1007/BF00312045
    • G Kolb 1986 Retinal ultrastructure in the dorsal rim and large dorsal area of the eye of Aglais urticae (Lepidoptera) Zoomorphology 106 244 246 10.1007/BF00312045
    • (1986) Zoomorphology , vol.106 , pp. 244-246
    • Kolb, G.1
  • 19
    • 0001949892 scopus 로고
    • The electrophysiology of photoreceptors in different eye regions of the desert ant, Cataglyphis bicolor
    • 10.1007/BF00614514
    • T Labhart 1986 The electrophysiology of photoreceptors in different eye regions of the desert ant, Cataglyphis bicolor J Comp Physiol [A] 158 1 7 10.1007/BF00614514
    • (1986) J Comp Physiol [A] , vol.158 , pp. 1-7
    • Labhart, T.1
  • 20
    • 0029809068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How polarization-sensitive interneurons of crickets perform at low degrees of polarization
    • 9319364
    • T Labhart 1996 How polarization-sensitive interneurons of crickets perform at low degrees of polarization J Exp Biol 199 1467 1475 9319364
    • (1996) J Exp Biol , vol.199 , pp. 1467-1475
    • Labhart, T.1
  • 21
    • 0032910827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How polarization-sensitive interneurons of crickets see the polarization pattern of the sky: A field study with an opto-electronic model neuron
    • 10069965
    • T Labhart 1999 How polarization-sensitive interneurons of crickets see the polarization pattern of the sky: a field study with an opto-electronic model neuron J Exp Biol 202 757 770 10069965
    • (1999) J Exp Biol , vol.202 , pp. 757-770
    • Labhart, T.1
  • 22
    • 0033572282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detectors for polarized skylight in insects: A survey of ommatidial specializations in the dorsal rim area of the compound eye
    • 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19991215)47:6<368::AID-JEMT2>3.0.CO;2-Q 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c%2FnsVOhtg%3D%3D 10607378
    • T Labhart EP Meyer 1999 Detectors for polarized skylight in insects: a survey of ommatidial specializations in the dorsal rim area of the compound eye Microsc Res Tech 47 368 379 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19991215)47:6<368::AID- JEMT2>3.0.CO;2-Q 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c%2FnsVOhtg%3D%3D 10607378
    • (1999) Microsc Res Tech , vol.47 , pp. 368-379
    • Labhart, T.1    Meyer, E.P.2
  • 23
    • 0036902998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural mechanisms in insect navigation: Polarization compass and odometer
    • DOI 10.1016/S0959-4388(02)00384-7
    • T Labhart EP Meyer 2002 Neural mechanisms in insect navigation: polarization compass and odometer Cur Opin Neurobiol 12 707 714 10.1016/S0959-4388(02)00384-7 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XpsFegsr0%3D (Pubitemid 35462026)
    • (2002) Current Opinion in Neurobiology , vol.12 , Issue.6 , pp. 707-714
    • Labhart, T.1    Meyer, E.P.2
  • 24
    • 0026527922 scopus 로고
    • Specialized ommatidia for polarization vision in the compound eye of cockchafers, Melolontha melolontha (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae)
    • 10.1007/BF00319148 1:STN:280:DyaK38zjtFWjtw%3D%3D 1628299
    • T Labhart EP Meyer L Schenker 1992 Specialized ommatidia for polarization vision in the compound eye of cockchafers, Melolontha melolontha (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) Cell Tissue Res 268 419 429 10.1007/BF00319148 1:STN:280:DyaK38zjtFWjtw%3D%3D 1628299
    • (1992) Cell Tissue Res , vol.268 , pp. 419-429
    • Labhart, T.1    Meyer, E.P.2    Schenker, L.3
  • 25
    • 0035745720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial integration in polarization-sensitive interneurones of crickets: A survey of evidence, mechanisms and benefits
    • 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MvmsFamuw%3D%3D 11511657
    • T Labhart J Petzold H Helbling 2001 Spatial integration in polarization-sensitive interneurones of crickets: a survey of evidence, mechanisms and benefits J Exp Biol 204 2423 2430 1:STN:280: DC%2BD3MvmsFamuw%3D%3D 11511657
    • (2001) J Exp Biol , vol.204 , pp. 2423-2430
    • Labhart, T.1    Petzold, J.2    Helbling, H.3
  • 27
    • 0019522267 scopus 로고
    • Pore canals in the cornea of a functionally specialized area of the honey bee's compound eye
    • 10.1007/BF00238646 1:STN:280:DyaL3M3htVWgug%3D%3D 7237517
    • EP Meyer T Labhart 1981 Pore canals in the cornea of a functionally specialized area of the honey bee's compound eye Cell Tissue Res 216 491 501 10.1007/BF00238646 1:STN:280:DyaL3M3htVWgug%3D%3D 7237517
    • (1981) Cell Tissue Res , vol.216 , pp. 491-501
    • Meyer, E.P.1    Labhart, T.2
  • 28
    • 0002582156 scopus 로고
    • Ocular optical filtering
    • H. Autrum (eds). Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
    • Miller WH (1979) Ocular optical filtering. In: Autrum H (ed) Handbook of sensory physiology VII/6A. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 69-143
    • (1979) Handbook of Sensory Physiology VII/6A , pp. 69-143
    • Miller, W.H.1
  • 29
    • 0014317672 scopus 로고
    • Butterfly glow
    • 10.1016/S0022-5320(68)90065-8 1:STN:280:DyaF1M%2FovVKjsA%3D%3D 5704880
    • WH Miller GD Bernard 1968 Butterfly glow J Ultrastruct Res 24 286 294 10.1016/S0022-5320(68)90065-8 1:STN:280:DyaF1M%2FovVKjsA%3D%3D 5704880
    • (1968) J Ultrastruct Res , vol.24 , pp. 286-294
    • Miller, W.H.1    Bernard, G.D.2
  • 30
    • 0037162560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual migration in tethered flying monarch butterflies reveals their orientation mechanisms
    • DOI 10.1073/pnas.152137299
    • H Mouritsen BJ Frost 2002 Virtual migration in tethered flying monarch butterflies reveals their orientation mechanisms Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99 10162 10166 10.1073/pnas.152137299 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XlslKgtbg%3D 12107283 (Pubitemid 34831189)
    • (2002) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , vol.99 , Issue.15 , pp. 10162-10166
    • Mouritsen, H.1    Frost, B.J.2
  • 31
    • 0024851285 scopus 로고
    • Intensity and polarization of the eyeshine in butterflies
    • D-E Nilsson J Howard 1989 Intensity and polarization of the eyeshine in butterflies J Comp Physiol [A] 166 51 56
    • (1989) J Comp Physiol [A] , vol.166 , pp. 51-56
    • Nilsson, D.-E.1    Howard, J.2
  • 32
    • 0000236160 scopus 로고
    • Photoreceptor design and optical properties affecting polarization sensitivity in ants and crickets
    • 10.1007/BF00605006
    • D-E Nilsson T Labhart E Meyer 1987 Photoreceptor design and optical properties affecting polarization sensitivity in ants and crickets J Comp Physiol [A] 161 645 658 10.1007/BF00605006
    • (1987) J Comp Physiol [A] , vol.161 , pp. 645-658
    • Nilsson, D.-E.1    Labhart, T.2    Meyer, E.3
  • 33
    • 0025633722 scopus 로고
    • A behavioral study of polarization vision in the fly, Musca domestica
    • A von Philipsborn T Labhart 1990 A behavioral study of polarization vision in the fly, Musca domestica J Comp Physiol [A] 167 737 743
    • (1990) J Comp Physiol [A] , vol.167 , pp. 737-743
    • Von Philipsborn, A.1    Labhart, T.2
  • 34
    • 1142302210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polarized Light Helps Monarch Butterflies Navigate
    • DOI 10.1016/j.cub.2003.12.034
    • SM Reppert H Zhu RH White 2004 Polarized light helps monarch butterflies navigate Curr Biol 14 155 158 10.1016/j.cub.2003.12.034 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2cXnvV2hsQ%3D%3D 14738739 (Pubitemid 38203929)
    • (2004) Current Biology , vol.14 , Issue.2 , pp. 155-158
    • Reppert, S.M.1    Zhu, H.2    White, R.H.3
  • 35
    • 39149088614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polarized skylight navigation in insects: Model and electrophysiology of e-vector coding by neurons in the central complex
    • DOI 10.1152/jn.00784.2007
    • M Sakura T Lambrinos T Labhart 2008 Polarized skylight navigation in insects: model and electrophysiology of e-vector coding by neurons in the central complex J Neurophysiol 99 667 682 10.1152/jn.00784.2007 18057112 (Pubitemid 351253227)
    • (2008) Journal of Neurophysiology , vol.99 , Issue.2 , pp. 667-682
    • Sakura, M.1    Lambrinos, D.2    Labhart, T.3
  • 36
    • 18144377054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Connecting the navigational clock to sun compass input in monarch butterfly brain
    • DOI 10.1016/j.neuron.2005.03.014, PII S0896627305002369
    • I Sauman AD Briscoe HS Zhu DD Shi O Froy J Stalleicken Q Yuan A Casselman SM Reppert 2005 Connecting the navigational clock to sun compass input in monarch butterfly brain Neuron 46 457 467 10.1016/j.neuron.2005.03.014 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXksFKmur8%3D 15882645 (Pubitemid 40616889)
    • (2005) Neuron , vol.46 , Issue.3 , pp. 457-467
    • Sauman, I.1    Briscoe, A.D.2    Zhu, H.3    Shi, D.4    Froy, O.5    Stalleicken, J.6    Yuan, Q.7    Casselman, A.8    Reppert, S.M.9
  • 39
    • 0036330028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reflections on colourful ommatidia of butterfly eyes
    • 11919267
    • DG Stavenga 2002 Reflections on colourful ommatidia of butterfly eyes J Exp Biol 205 1077 1085 11919267
    • (2002) J Exp Biol , vol.205 , pp. 1077-1085
    • Stavenga, D.G.1
  • 40
    • 0011272614 scopus 로고
    • Optic lobe projections of marginal ommatidia in Calliphora erythrocephala specialized for detecting polarized light
    • NJ Strausfeld H Wunderer 1985 Optic lobe projections of marginal ommatidia in Calliphora erythrocephala specialized for detecting polarized light Cell Tissue Res 242 163 178
    • (1985) Cell Tissue Res , vol.242 , pp. 163-178
    • Strausfeld, N.J.1    Wunderer, H.2
  • 41
    • 0001123918 scopus 로고
    • On the light from the sky, its polarization and colour
    • J Strutt (Lord Rayleigh) 1871 On the light from the sky, its polarization and colour Phil Mag 41 107 120
    • (1871) Phil Mag , vol.41 , pp. 107-120
    • Strutt, J.1
  • 42
    • 0029916031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dioptrics of the facet lenses in the dorsal rim area of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus
    • K Ukhanov HL Leertouwer FG Gribakin DG Stavenga 1996 Dioptrics of the facet lenses in the dorsal rim area of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus J Comp Physiol [A] 179 545 552
    • (1996) J Comp Physiol [A] , vol.179 , pp. 545-552
    • Ukhanov, K.1    Leertouwer, H.L.2    Gribakin, F.G.3    Stavenga, D.G.4
  • 44
    • 0001859193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ant's celestial compass system: Spectral and polarization channels
    • M. Lehrer (eds). Birkhäuser Basel
    • Wehner R (1997) The ant's celestial compass system: spectral and polarization channels. In: Lehrer M (ed) Orientation and communication in arthropods. Birkhäuser, Basel, pp 145-185
    • (1997) Orientation and Communication in Arthropods , pp. 145-185
    • Wehner, R.1
  • 45
    • 33749572601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polarization vision
    • E.J. Warrant D-E Nilsson (eds). Cambridge University Press Cambridge
    • Wehner R, Labhart T (2006) Polarization vision. In: Warrant EJ, Nilsson D-E (eds) Invertebrate vision. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 291-348
    • (2006) Invertebrate Vision , pp. 291-348
    • Wehner, R.1    Labhart, T.2
  • 46
    • 33747593850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The significance of direct sunlight and polarized skylight in the ant's celestial system of navigation
    • 10.1073/pnas.0604430103
    • R Wehner M Müller 2008 The significance of direct sunlight and polarized skylight in the ant's celestial system of navigation Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103 12575 12579 10.1073/pnas.0604430103
    • (2008) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.103 , pp. 12575-12579
    • Wehner, R.1    Müller, M.2
  • 47
    • 0042735414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Path integration in insects
    • K.J. Jeffery (eds). Oxford University Press Oxford
    • Wehner R, Srinivasan MV (2003) Path integration in insects. In: Jeffery KJ (ed) The neurobiology of spatial behavior. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 9-30
    • (2003) The Neurobiology of Spatial Behavior , pp. 9-30
    • Wehner, R.1    Srinivasan, M.V.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.