Secondary bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: A retrospective study of clinical and analytical characteristics, diagnosis and management

Journal of Hepatology

Volumn 52, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 39-44

  Soriano, Germán ^a,b   Castellote, José ^c   Álvarez, Cristina ^a   Girbau, Anna ^c   Gordillo, Jordi ^a   Baliellas, Carme ^c   Casas, Meritxell ^a   Pons, Carles ^c   Román, Eva María ^a,b   Maisterra, Sandra ^c   Xiol, Xavier ^c   Guarner, Carlos ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA   (Spain)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BARCELONA   (Spain)

^c BELLVITGE BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE IDIBELL   (Spain)

Author keywords

Cirrhosis; Secondary peritonitis; Surgery

Indexed keywords

ABDOMINAL RADIOGRAPHY; ADULT; ARTICLE; ASCITES FLUID; AUTOPSY; BACTERIAL PERITONITIS; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL FEATURE; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DISEASE COURSE; DISEASE SEVERITY; FEMALE; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MALE; MORTALITY; PARACENTESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SURVIVOR; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

AGED; ASCITIC FLUID; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PERITONEAL CAVITY; PERITONITIS; PROGNOSIS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; SURVIVAL RATE; TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY COMPUTED;

EID: 71149109585     PISSN: 01688278     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2009.10.012     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Tandon P., and García-Tsao G. Bacterial infections, sepsis, and multiorgan failure in cirrhosis. Semin Liver Dis 28 (2008) 26-42
2. Guarner C., and Soriano G. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Semin Liver Dis 17 (1997) 203-217
3. Wong F., Bernardi M., Balk R., Christman B., Moreau R., García-Tsao G., et al. Sepsis in cirrhosis: report on the 7th meeting of the International Ascites Club. Gut 54 (2005) 718-725
4. Lontos S., Gow P.J., Vaughan R.B., and Angus P.W. Norfloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy have similar efficacy in prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 23 (2008) 252-255
5. Fernández J., Navasa M., Gómez J., Colmenero J., Vila J., Arroyo V., et al. Bacterial infections in cirrhosis: epidemiological changes with invasive procedures and norfloxacin prophylaxis. Hepatology 35 (2002) 140-148
6. Fernández J., Navasa M., Planas R., Montoliu S., Monfort D., Soriano G., et al. Primary prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis delays hepatorenal syndrome and improves survival in cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 133 (2007) 818-824
7. Sort P., Navasa M., Arroyo V., Aldeguer X., Planas R., Ruíz-del-Árbol L., et al. Effect of intravenous albumin on renal impairment and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. N Engl J Med 341 (1999) 403-409
8. Runyon B.A., and Hoefs J.C. Ascitic fluid analysis in the differentiation of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis from gastrointestinal tract perforation into ascitic fluid. Hepatology 4 (1984) 447-450
9. Akriviadis E.A., and Runyon B.A. Utility of an algorithm in differentiating spontaneous from secondary bacterial peritonitis. Gastroenterology 98 (1990) 127-133
10. Wu S.S., Lin O.S., Chen Y.Y., Hwang K.L., Soon M.S., and Keeffe E.B. Ascitic fluid carcinoembryonic antigen and alkaline phosphatase levels for the differentiation of primary from secondary bacterial peritonitis with intestinal perforation. J Hepatol 34 (2001) 215-221
11. Pinzello G., Simonetti R.G., Craxi A., Di Piazza S., Spanò C., and Pagliaro L. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a prospective investigation in predominantly nonalcoholic cirrhotic patients. Hepatology 3 (1983) 545-549
12. Runyon B.A., and Hoefs J.C. Spontaneous vs. secondary bacterial peritonitis. Differentiation by response of ascitic fluid neutrophil count to antimicrobial therapy. Arch Int Med 146 (1986) 1563-1565
13. Caralis P.V., Sprung C.L., and Schiff E.R. Secondary bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients with ascites. South Med J 77 (1984) 579-583
14. Castellote J., López C., Gornals J., Tremosa G., Fariña E.R., and Baliellas C. Rapid diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis by use of reagent strips. Hepatology 37 (2003) 893-896
15. Pieracci F.M., and Barie P.S. Management of severe sepsis of abdominal origin. Scand J Surg 96 (2007) 184-196
16. Rimola A., García-Tsao G., Navasa M., Piddock L.J., Planas R., Bernard B., et al. Diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a consensus document. J Hepatol 32 (2000) 142-153
17. Teh S.H., Nagorney D.M., Stevens S.R., Offord K.P., Therneau T.M., Plevak D.J., et al. Risk factors for mortality after surgery in patients with cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 132 (2007) 1261-1269
18. Mehendiratta V., McCarty B.C., Gómez L., Graviss E.A., and Musher D.M. Computerized tomography (CT)-guided aspiration of abscesses: outcome of therapy at a tertiary care hospital. J Infect 54 (2007) 122-128
19. Wong PF, Gilliam AD, Kumar S, Shenfine J, O'Dair GN, Leaper DJ. Antibiotic regimens for secondary peritonitis of gastrointestinal origin in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005;(2):CD004539. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004539.pub2.
20. Gómez-Jiménez J., Ribera E., Gasser I., Artaza M.A., Del Valle O., Pahissa A., et al. Randomized trial comparing ceftriaxone with cefonicid for treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 37 (1993) 1587-1592
21. Guarner C., Solà R., Soriano G., Andreu M., Novella M.T., Vila M.C., et al. Risk of a first community-acquired spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotics with low ascitic fluid protein levels. Gastroenterology 117 (1999) 414-419
22. Runyon B.A., Canawati H.N., and Akriviadis E.A. Optimization of ascitic fluid culture technique. Gastroenterology 95 (1988) 1351-1355
23. Castellote J., Xiol X., Verdaguer R., Ribes J., Guardiola J., Giménez A., et al. Comparison of two ascitic fluid culture methods in cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Am J Gastroenterol 85 (1990) 1605-1608
24. Follo A., Llovet J.M., Navasa M., Planas R., Forns X., Francitorra A., et al. Renal impairment after spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: incidence, clinical course, predictive factors and prognosis. Hepatology 20 (1994) 1495-1501
25. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference. Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. Crit Care Med 1992;20:864-74.
26. Guarner C., and Soriano G. Bacterial translocation and its consequences in patients with cirrhosis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 17 (2005) 27-31
27. Ortiz J., Soriano G., Coll P., Novella M.T., Pericas R., Sàbat M., et al. Early microbiologic diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis with BacT/ALERT. J Hepatol 26 (1997) 839-844
28. Toledo C., Salmerón J.M., Rimola A., Navasa M., Arroyo V., Llach J., et al. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: predictive factors of infection resolution and survival in patients treated with cefotaxime. Hepatology 17 (1993) 251-257
29. Runyon B.A. Patients with deficient ascitic fluid opsonic activity are predisposed to spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Hepatology 8 (1988) 632-635